下面有一篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)選項(xiàng)?！ ?BR> The Iceman
On a September,day in 1991，two Germans were climbing the mountain between Austra and Ita． 1y．High up on a mountain pass，they found the body of a man lying on the ice．At that height (10，499 feet，or 3，200 meters)，the ice is usually permanent，but 1991 had been an especially warm year．The mountain ice had melted more than iust usual and so the body had come to the surface．It was lying face downward．The skeleton(骨架)was in perfect condition except a wound on the head．remains of some clothes．The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots．Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark (樹(shù)皮)and a holder for arrows．
Who was the man?How and when had he died?Everybody had a different answer to these questions．Some people thought that it was from this century，perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I，since several soldiers had already been found in this area．A Swiss woman who believed it might be her father，who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found．The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older，maybe even a thousand years old．
With modem dating techniques，the scientists soon learned that the iceman was about 5，300 years old．Born in about 3300 B．C．，he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe．At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains．More recent evidence，however，tells a different story．A new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder．It left only a tiny hole in his skin，but it caused internal damage and bleeding．He almost certainly died from this wound，and not from the wound oil the back of his head．This means that he was probably in some kind of battle．It may have been part oi a large war，or he may have beenfightiing bandits．He may even have been a bandit himself．
By studying his clothes and tools，scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived in．we may never know the full story of how he died，but he has given usimportant clues to the history of those distant times．
練習(xí)：
36．The body of the iceman was found in the mountains mainly because_________．
A．he was lying on the ice
B．two Germans were climbing mountains
C．the melted ice made him visible
D．he was just on a mountain pass
37．What can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A．The iceman was killed while working．
B．The iceman could have died from the wound in the head．
C．The iceman lived a poor life．
D．The iceman was struck dead from behind．
38．All the following are assumptions once made about iceman EXCEPT_____________．
A．he was a soldier in World War I
B．he came from Italy
C．he was a Swiss woman's long-lost father
D．He was born about a thousand years ago
39．The scientists made the deduction that the iceman_________．
A．was hit in the shoulder by an arrowhead
B．was probably in some kind of a battle
C．had got a wound on the back of his head
D．has a tiny hole in his skin causing his death．
40．The word"bandits"in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by________．
A．robbers
B．soldiers
C hunters
D．shooters
答案與解析：
36．C[解析]本題是細(xì)節(jié)考查題。冰人尸體被發(fā)現(xiàn)的原因在文章的第一段提到。原文是："但是1991年是特別暖的一年，山上的冰比從前消融的更快，因此尸體才顯露出來(lái)。"選項(xiàng)A"他躺在冰上"；選項(xiàng)B"兩個(gè)德國(guó)人正在爬山"；選項(xiàng)C"融化的冰將他暴露出來(lái)"；選項(xiàng)D "他剛好在一個(gè)山口上"。因此只能選C。
37．B[解析]本題是閱讀理解能力考查題。原題是：能從第二段推斷出的是以下哪項(xiàng)? 選項(xiàng)B"冰人有可能死于頭部傷口"；選項(xiàng)D"冰人背后受襲擊而致死"；選項(xiàng)A"冰人工作時(shí)被殺害"；選項(xiàng)c"冰人生活貧困"。原文是"它面朝下，除了頭部有傷外，骨架狀況很好"，僅就此推斷。冰人可能死于頭部傷。因此答案是B。
38．B [解析]本題是細(xì)節(jié)考查題。原題是：下列哪項(xiàng)不屬于人們對(duì)冰人作出的種種猜測(cè)?原文在第三段。選項(xiàng)A"他是一戰(zhàn)時(shí)期的士兵"；選項(xiàng)B"他來(lái)自意大利"在文章中沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)：選項(xiàng)C"他是一位瑞士婦女失蹤多年的父親"；選項(xiàng)D"他大約一千年前出生"。因此答案是B。
39．B[解析]本題是細(xì)節(jié)考查題。原題是：科學(xué)家對(duì)冰人的推論是什么?原文在第四段。選項(xiàng)A"他的肩膀被箭頭刺傷"是事實(shí)而非推論；選項(xiàng)B"有可能參與過(guò)戰(zhàn)斗"是推論；選項(xiàng)C"頭后部有傷口"是事實(shí)而非推論；選項(xiàng)D"皮膚上的小孔導(dǎo)致他的死亡"不符合事實(shí)。因此只能選B。
40．A[解析]本題是閱讀理解能力考察題。第四段"bandits"是什么意思?選項(xiàng)A"強(qiáng)盜"：選項(xiàng)B"士兵"；選項(xiàng)C"獵人"；選項(xiàng)D"射擊手"。因此只能選A。
參考譯文
冰人1991年9月的一天，兩位德國(guó)人正在攀登位于奧地利和意大利之間的山脈。他們?cè)谝粋€(gè)高處山口發(fā)現(xiàn)了一具躺在冰上的尸體。冰在這樣的高度(10499英尺或3200米)通常是常年不化的．但是1991年是特別暖和的一年，山上的冰比從前消融的更快，因此尸體才顯露出來(lái)。
尸體面朝下躺著，除了頭部有傷外，骨架狀況很好，有殘余的衣物。尸體雙手仍然握著斧頭的木柄。雙腳穿著用皮革和布料做的靴子。在尸體附近有一雙樹(shù)皮做的手套和一個(gè)箭筒。
他是誰(shuí)?在什么時(shí)候又是怎樣死去的呢?人們的解釋各異。有人認(rèn)為他是本世紀(jì)的人，
有可能是二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期陣亡的士兵，因?yàn)樵谶@附近已經(jīng)有士兵被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。一位瑞士婦女相信他是自己20年前在此去世的父親，父親的遺體一直沒(méi)有被找到。趕去查看的科學(xué)家認(rèn)為這一尸體可能更久遠(yuǎn)，它甚至有1000歲了。
科學(xué)家們運(yùn)用現(xiàn)代數(shù)據(jù)技術(shù)很快獲悉這一冰人已有大約5300歲了。他大約出生在公元前3300年，生活在歐洲的青銅器時(shí)代。起初科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為他有可能在高山間打獵時(shí)發(fā)生意外而身亡。然而最近的一些證據(jù)卻顯示另有原因。新型的x光表明他的肩膀上仍有一個(gè)箭頭，
皮膚上只有一個(gè)小孔，但卻導(dǎo)致內(nèi)部損傷和失血。幾乎可以確定他死于這個(gè)傷口，而不是腦后的傷口。這說(shuō)明他有可能參與過(guò)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。有可能是大型戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的一部分或者他曾和強(qiáng)盜博斗過(guò)，甚至他本人就可能是強(qiáng)盜。
通過(guò)研究他的衣服和工具，科學(xué)家們就已經(jīng)獲悉冰人生活的時(shí)代的很多內(nèi)容。我們有可能永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法知道他死亡的真相，但是他給我們提供了了解那個(gè)遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)代的重要線索。
On a September,day in 1991，two Germans were climbing the mountain between Austra and Ita． 1y．High up on a mountain pass，they found the body of a man lying on the ice．At that height (10，499 feet，or 3，200 meters)，the ice is usually permanent，but 1991 had been an especially warm year．The mountain ice had melted more than iust usual and so the body had come to the surface．It was lying face downward．The skeleton(骨架)was in perfect condition except a wound on the head．remains of some clothes．The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots．Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark (樹(shù)皮)and a holder for arrows．
Who was the man?How and when had he died?Everybody had a different answer to these questions．Some people thought that it was from this century，perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I，since several soldiers had already been found in this area．A Swiss woman who believed it might be her father，who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found．The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older，maybe even a thousand years old．
With modem dating techniques，the scientists soon learned that the iceman was about 5，300 years old．Born in about 3300 B．C．，he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe．At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains．More recent evidence，however，tells a different story．A new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder．It left only a tiny hole in his skin，but it caused internal damage and bleeding．He almost certainly died from this wound，and not from the wound oil the back of his head．This means that he was probably in some kind of battle．It may have been part oi a large war，or he may have beenfightiing bandits．He may even have been a bandit himself．
By studying his clothes and tools，scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived in．we may never know the full story of how he died，but he has given usimportant clues to the history of those distant times．
練習(xí)：
36．The body of the iceman was found in the mountains mainly because_________．
A．he was lying on the ice
B．two Germans were climbing mountains
C．the melted ice made him visible
D．he was just on a mountain pass
37．What can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A．The iceman was killed while working．
B．The iceman could have died from the wound in the head．
C．The iceman lived a poor life．
D．The iceman was struck dead from behind．
38．All the following are assumptions once made about iceman EXCEPT_____________．
A．he was a soldier in World War I
B．he came from Italy
C．he was a Swiss woman's long-lost father
D．He was born about a thousand years ago
39．The scientists made the deduction that the iceman_________．
A．was hit in the shoulder by an arrowhead
B．was probably in some kind of a battle
C．had got a wound on the back of his head
D．has a tiny hole in his skin causing his death．
40．The word"bandits"in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by________．
A．robbers
B．soldiers
C hunters
D．shooters
答案與解析：
36．C[解析]本題是細(xì)節(jié)考查題。冰人尸體被發(fā)現(xiàn)的原因在文章的第一段提到。原文是："但是1991年是特別暖的一年，山上的冰比從前消融的更快，因此尸體才顯露出來(lái)。"選項(xiàng)A"他躺在冰上"；選項(xiàng)B"兩個(gè)德國(guó)人正在爬山"；選項(xiàng)C"融化的冰將他暴露出來(lái)"；選項(xiàng)D "他剛好在一個(gè)山口上"。因此只能選C。
37．B[解析]本題是閱讀理解能力考查題。原題是：能從第二段推斷出的是以下哪項(xiàng)? 選項(xiàng)B"冰人有可能死于頭部傷口"；選項(xiàng)D"冰人背后受襲擊而致死"；選項(xiàng)A"冰人工作時(shí)被殺害"；選項(xiàng)c"冰人生活貧困"。原文是"它面朝下，除了頭部有傷外，骨架狀況很好"，僅就此推斷。冰人可能死于頭部傷。因此答案是B。
38．B [解析]本題是細(xì)節(jié)考查題。原題是：下列哪項(xiàng)不屬于人們對(duì)冰人作出的種種猜測(cè)?原文在第三段。選項(xiàng)A"他是一戰(zhàn)時(shí)期的士兵"；選項(xiàng)B"他來(lái)自意大利"在文章中沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)：選項(xiàng)C"他是一位瑞士婦女失蹤多年的父親"；選項(xiàng)D"他大約一千年前出生"。因此答案是B。
39．B[解析]本題是細(xì)節(jié)考查題。原題是：科學(xué)家對(duì)冰人的推論是什么?原文在第四段。選項(xiàng)A"他的肩膀被箭頭刺傷"是事實(shí)而非推論；選項(xiàng)B"有可能參與過(guò)戰(zhàn)斗"是推論；選項(xiàng)C"頭后部有傷口"是事實(shí)而非推論；選項(xiàng)D"皮膚上的小孔導(dǎo)致他的死亡"不符合事實(shí)。因此只能選B。
40．A[解析]本題是閱讀理解能力考察題。第四段"bandits"是什么意思?選項(xiàng)A"強(qiáng)盜"：選項(xiàng)B"士兵"；選項(xiàng)C"獵人"；選項(xiàng)D"射擊手"。因此只能選A。
參考譯文
冰人1991年9月的一天，兩位德國(guó)人正在攀登位于奧地利和意大利之間的山脈。他們?cè)谝粋€(gè)高處山口發(fā)現(xiàn)了一具躺在冰上的尸體。冰在這樣的高度(10499英尺或3200米)通常是常年不化的．但是1991年是特別暖和的一年，山上的冰比從前消融的更快，因此尸體才顯露出來(lái)。
尸體面朝下躺著，除了頭部有傷外，骨架狀況很好，有殘余的衣物。尸體雙手仍然握著斧頭的木柄。雙腳穿著用皮革和布料做的靴子。在尸體附近有一雙樹(shù)皮做的手套和一個(gè)箭筒。
他是誰(shuí)?在什么時(shí)候又是怎樣死去的呢?人們的解釋各異。有人認(rèn)為他是本世紀(jì)的人，
有可能是二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期陣亡的士兵，因?yàn)樵谶@附近已經(jīng)有士兵被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。一位瑞士婦女相信他是自己20年前在此去世的父親，父親的遺體一直沒(méi)有被找到。趕去查看的科學(xué)家認(rèn)為這一尸體可能更久遠(yuǎn)，它甚至有1000歲了。
科學(xué)家們運(yùn)用現(xiàn)代數(shù)據(jù)技術(shù)很快獲悉這一冰人已有大約5300歲了。他大約出生在公元前3300年，生活在歐洲的青銅器時(shí)代。起初科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為他有可能在高山間打獵時(shí)發(fā)生意外而身亡。然而最近的一些證據(jù)卻顯示另有原因。新型的x光表明他的肩膀上仍有一個(gè)箭頭，
皮膚上只有一個(gè)小孔，但卻導(dǎo)致內(nèi)部損傷和失血。幾乎可以確定他死于這個(gè)傷口，而不是腦后的傷口。這說(shuō)明他有可能參與過(guò)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。有可能是大型戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的一部分或者他曾和強(qiáng)盜博斗過(guò)，甚至他本人就可能是強(qiáng)盜。
通過(guò)研究他的衣服和工具，科學(xué)家們就已經(jīng)獲悉冰人生活的時(shí)代的很多內(nèi)容。我們有可能永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法知道他死亡的真相，但是他給我們提供了了解那個(gè)遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)代的重要線索。