2011年巖土工程師考試輔導(dǎo)專業(yè)詞(1)

字號(hào):

一. 綜合類
    1.geotechnical engineering巖土工程
    2.foundation engineering基礎(chǔ)工程
    3.soil, earth土
    4.soil mechanics土力學(xué)
    cyclic loading周期荷載
    unloading卸載
    reloading再加載
    viscoelastic foundation粘彈性地基
    viscous damping粘滯阻尼
    shear modulus剪切模量
    5.soil dynamics土動(dòng)力學(xué)
    6.stress path應(yīng)力路徑
    7.numerical geotechanics 數(shù)值巖土力學(xué)
    二. 土的分類
    1.residual soil殘積土 groundwater level地下水位
    2.groundwater 地下水 groundwater table地下水位
    3.clay minerals粘土礦物
    4.secondary minerals次生礦物
    5.landslides滑坡
    6.bore hole columnar section鉆孔柱狀圖
    7.engineering geologic investigation工程地質(zhì)勘察
    8.boulder漂石
    9.cobble卵石
    10.gravel砂石
    11.gravelly sand礫砂
    12.coarse sand粗砂
    13.medium sand中砂
    14.fine sand細(xì)砂
    15.silty sand粉土
    16.clayey soil粘性土
    17.clay粘土
    18.silty clay粉質(zhì)粘土
    19.silt粉土
    20.sandy silt砂質(zhì)粉土
    21.clayey silt粘質(zhì)粉土
    22.saturated soil飽和土
    23.unsaturated soil非飽和土
    24.fill (soil)填土
    25.overconsolidated soil超固結(jié)土
    26.normally consolidated soil正常固結(jié)土
    27.underconsolidated soil欠固結(jié)土
    28.zonal soil區(qū)域性土
    29.soft clay軟粘土
    30.expansive (swelling) soil膨脹土
    31.peat泥炭
    32.loess黃土
    33.frozen soil凍土
    三. 土的基本物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)
    1.cc compression index
    2.cu undrained shear strength
    3.cu/p0 ratio of undrained strength cu to effective overburden stress p0 (cu/p0)NC ,(cu/p0)oc subscripts NC and OC designated normally consolidated and overconsolidated, respectively
    4.cvane cohesive strength from vane test
    5.e0 natural void ratio
    6.Ip plasticity index
    7.K0 coefficient of “at-rest ”pressure ,for total stressesσ1 andσ2
    8.K0’ domain for effective stressesσ1 ‘ andσ2’
    9.K0n K0 for normally consolidated state
    10.K0u K0 coefficient under rapid continuous loading ,simulating instantaneous loading or an undrained condition
    11.K0d K0 coefficient under cyclic loading(frequency less than 1Hz),as a pseudo- dynamic test for K0 coefficient
    12.kh ,kv permeability in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively
    13.N blow count, standard penetration test
    14.OCR over-consolidation ratio
    15.pc preconsolidation pressure ,from oedemeter test
    16.p0 effective overburden pressure 17.p s specific cone penetration resistance, from static cone test 18.qu unconfined compressive strength
    19.U, Um degree of consolidation ,subscript m denotes mean value of a specimen
    20.u ,ub ,um pore (water) pressure, subscripts b and m denote bottom of specimen and mean value, respectively
    21.w0 wL wp natural water content, liquid and plastic limits, respectively
    22.σ1,σ2 principal stresses, σ1 ‘ andσ2’ denote effective principal stresses
    23.Atterberg limits阿太堡界限
    24.degree of saturation飽和度
    25.dry unit weight干重度
    26.moist unit weight濕重度
    27.saturated unit weight飽和重度
    28.effective unit weight有效重度
    29.density密度
    30.compactness密實(shí)度
    31.maximum dry density干密度
    32.optimum water content含水量
    33.three phase diagram三相圖
    34.tri-phase soil三相土
    35.soil fraction粒組
    36.sieve analysis篩分
    37.hydrometer analysis比重計(jì)分析
    38.uniformity coefficient不均勻系數(shù)
    39.coefficient of gradation級(jí)配系數(shù)
    40.fine-grained soil(silty and clayey)細(xì)粒土
    41.coarse- grained soil(gravelly and sandy)粗粒土
    42.Unified soil classification system土的統(tǒng)一分類系統(tǒng)
    43.ASCE=American Society of Civil Engineer美國(guó)土木工程師學(xué)會(huì)
    44.AASHTO= American Association State Highway Officials美國(guó)州公路官員協(xié)會(huì)
    45.ISSMGE=International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering國(guó)際土力學(xué)與巖土工程學(xué)會(huì)