圖表類作文是考研英語(yǔ)二中一個(gè)重要的寫作模式之一，英語(yǔ)考研輔導(dǎo)專家們建議2012年考研的同學(xué)們?cè)陂_(kāi)始動(dòng)筆之前，應(yīng)該對(duì)圖表所提供的信息要有所了解。對(duì)于此類題目，前期的工作有：
（一）審清題目
1. 分析題目包含的內(nèi)容和信息（寫作提示、主題句、圖表、字?jǐn)?shù)要求等）；
2. 判斷命題者的意圖；
3. 把握題目的中心思想；
（二）構(gòu)思選材
構(gòu)思是行文的基礎(chǔ)。構(gòu)思時(shí)要充分發(fā)揮想象力，但是要圍繞文章的主題思想和具體要求，對(duì)文章進(jìn)行整體布局，確保文章邏輯思路清晰，切題達(dá)意，首尾連貫，結(jié)構(gòu)合理。
萬(wàn)學(xué)海文英語(yǔ)考研輔導(dǎo)專家們?cè)诖?，主要為廣大的2012年的考生們介紹一下圖表作文的類型以及描圖的幾種表達(dá)方式和常用的描圖句型。
(1). 圖表的幾種常見(jiàn)形式
曲線圖（curve graph），柱狀圖（bar chart），餅狀圖（pie chart），表格（table），圖表（diagram）
(2). 圖表/數(shù)據(jù)描述必備詞
1). 圖/表類型：table; chart; diagram; graph; bar chart; pie chart
2). 圖/表內(nèi)容：figure; statistic; number; percentage; proportion
3). 整體描述的動(dòng)詞：show; describe; depict; illustrate; present; indicate; reveal
4). 數(shù)據(jù)：
①值：reach/arrive at the bottom/peak/highest point/lowest point
②數(shù)據(jù)趨勢(shì)（增、減、上下浮動(dòng)、持平）：increase, soar, rocket, ascend, mount, climb, jump, rise, grow; fall, drop, decline, reduce, decrease, descend, go down; fluctuate; remain steady/stable, stay the same, keep to the same level, little/hardly any/no change.
③變化程度：
noticeable，considerable，suddenly，rapidly，dramatically，significantly，sharply，steeply，steadily，gradually，slowly，slightly，stably
④程度副詞：
almost；nearly；approximately；about；just over；over；exactly；precisely
⑤范圍：change/expand from to, range from, scale, between…and
⑥倍數(shù)表達(dá)：
as…as…; the same as; 倍數(shù)+形容詞比較級(jí)+than; 倍數(shù)+the+計(jì)量名詞（length, width, height, weight, size）+of; 倍數(shù)（twice/double/triple/quadruple）+一般名詞; …by+percentage
（3）. 常用句型表達(dá)
Ø According to the figures shown in the table/graph we can see/conclude that...
例句：According to the figures shown in the table, we can see that great changes have been taking place in people's diet over the period from 1988 to 1998.
Ø We can see/We have noted/It can be seen from the table/chart/graph that...
例句：We have noted from the graph that there is a wide gap between the top ten universities both of China and of the world.
Ø The graph/table/chart shows/indicates/reveals/points out that...
例句：The chart reveals that the number of road accidents is spiraling upward every year as more and more highways are constructed all over China.
Ø As is shown/can be seen in the chart/graph/diagram released by the government...
例句：As we can see in the diagram released by the government, the rapid growth of population has resulted in the extinction of many wildlife species.
Ø After considering the information in the graph/table/chart, we might conclude that...
例句：After considering the information in the graph, we might conclude that the energy structure in rural areas has been greatly improved over the past 15 years.
Ø The chart/graph/table shows a minimal/slight/slow/steady/marked/
dramatic/sharp/sudden increase/rise/decline/reduction/fall/drop in...compared with those of last year/10 years ago/last century...
例句：The graph shows a marked decline in the number of wildlife species compared with that of last century.
Ø This year, the products of...dropped to half/was cut in half/doubled/tripled.
例句：This year, the products of cotton doubled.
Ø The number of ... grew/rose/dropped from...to...
例句：The number of car accidents grew from 3691 in 1985 to 8245 in 1995.
Ø No increase is shown in ...; then came a sharp increase of ...
例句：No increase is shown in 1988; then came a sharp increase of 8 million.
Ø Sth. is twice/three/half as large/high/much as sth. else.
Ø The table/chart/graph represents the development and changes in ...
例句：The table represents the development and changes in agriculture structure in the past 30 years.
Ø By comparison with..., it dropped/ fell/ decreased from...to.../ by...
例句：By comparison with 1990, it dropped by 15 percent.
Ø There appeared an even more stable/consistent/steady tendency to rise/drop.
Ø The curve has leveled off/stayed the same/remained unchanged for 2 years and the trend will be continuing.
總之，在復(fù)習(xí)這類作文題型的時(shí)候，一定要注意圖表類型的區(qū)分，上文已經(jīng)提及，圖表的分類比較多。除此外，萬(wàn)學(xué)海文英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)老師還提醒大家還要知道如何用不同的方式表達(dá)不同的圖表類型。上文提供的一些表達(dá)方式，考生可以在平時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)的時(shí)候作為備考的參考，同時(shí)也可以作為背誦的素材。
（一）審清題目
1. 分析題目包含的內(nèi)容和信息（寫作提示、主題句、圖表、字?jǐn)?shù)要求等）；
2. 判斷命題者的意圖；
3. 把握題目的中心思想；
（二）構(gòu)思選材
構(gòu)思是行文的基礎(chǔ)。構(gòu)思時(shí)要充分發(fā)揮想象力，但是要圍繞文章的主題思想和具體要求，對(duì)文章進(jìn)行整體布局，確保文章邏輯思路清晰，切題達(dá)意，首尾連貫，結(jié)構(gòu)合理。
萬(wàn)學(xué)海文英語(yǔ)考研輔導(dǎo)專家們?cè)诖?，主要為廣大的2012年的考生們介紹一下圖表作文的類型以及描圖的幾種表達(dá)方式和常用的描圖句型。
(1). 圖表的幾種常見(jiàn)形式
曲線圖（curve graph），柱狀圖（bar chart），餅狀圖（pie chart），表格（table），圖表（diagram）
(2). 圖表/數(shù)據(jù)描述必備詞
1). 圖/表類型：table; chart; diagram; graph; bar chart; pie chart
2). 圖/表內(nèi)容：figure; statistic; number; percentage; proportion
3). 整體描述的動(dòng)詞：show; describe; depict; illustrate; present; indicate; reveal
4). 數(shù)據(jù)：
①值：reach/arrive at the bottom/peak/highest point/lowest point
②數(shù)據(jù)趨勢(shì)（增、減、上下浮動(dòng)、持平）：increase, soar, rocket, ascend, mount, climb, jump, rise, grow; fall, drop, decline, reduce, decrease, descend, go down; fluctuate; remain steady/stable, stay the same, keep to the same level, little/hardly any/no change.
③變化程度：
noticeable，considerable，suddenly，rapidly，dramatically，significantly，sharply，steeply，steadily，gradually，slowly，slightly，stably
④程度副詞：
almost；nearly；approximately；about；just over；over；exactly；precisely
⑤范圍：change/expand from to, range from, scale, between…and
⑥倍數(shù)表達(dá)：
as…as…; the same as; 倍數(shù)+形容詞比較級(jí)+than; 倍數(shù)+the+計(jì)量名詞（length, width, height, weight, size）+of; 倍數(shù)（twice/double/triple/quadruple）+一般名詞; …by+percentage
（3）. 常用句型表達(dá)
Ø According to the figures shown in the table/graph we can see/conclude that...
例句：According to the figures shown in the table, we can see that great changes have been taking place in people's diet over the period from 1988 to 1998.
Ø We can see/We have noted/It can be seen from the table/chart/graph that...
例句：We have noted from the graph that there is a wide gap between the top ten universities both of China and of the world.
Ø The graph/table/chart shows/indicates/reveals/points out that...
例句：The chart reveals that the number of road accidents is spiraling upward every year as more and more highways are constructed all over China.
Ø As is shown/can be seen in the chart/graph/diagram released by the government...
例句：As we can see in the diagram released by the government, the rapid growth of population has resulted in the extinction of many wildlife species.
Ø After considering the information in the graph/table/chart, we might conclude that...
例句：After considering the information in the graph, we might conclude that the energy structure in rural areas has been greatly improved over the past 15 years.
Ø The chart/graph/table shows a minimal/slight/slow/steady/marked/
dramatic/sharp/sudden increase/rise/decline/reduction/fall/drop in...compared with those of last year/10 years ago/last century...
例句：The graph shows a marked decline in the number of wildlife species compared with that of last century.
Ø This year, the products of...dropped to half/was cut in half/doubled/tripled.
例句：This year, the products of cotton doubled.
Ø The number of ... grew/rose/dropped from...to...
例句：The number of car accidents grew from 3691 in 1985 to 8245 in 1995.
Ø No increase is shown in ...; then came a sharp increase of ...
例句：No increase is shown in 1988; then came a sharp increase of 8 million.
Ø Sth. is twice/three/half as large/high/much as sth. else.
Ø The table/chart/graph represents the development and changes in ...
例句：The table represents the development and changes in agriculture structure in the past 30 years.
Ø By comparison with..., it dropped/ fell/ decreased from...to.../ by...
例句：By comparison with 1990, it dropped by 15 percent.
Ø There appeared an even more stable/consistent/steady tendency to rise/drop.
Ø The curve has leveled off/stayed the same/remained unchanged for 2 years and the trend will be continuing.
總之，在復(fù)習(xí)這類作文題型的時(shí)候，一定要注意圖表類型的區(qū)分，上文已經(jīng)提及，圖表的分類比較多。除此外，萬(wàn)學(xué)海文英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)老師還提醒大家還要知道如何用不同的方式表達(dá)不同的圖表類型。上文提供的一些表達(dá)方式，考生可以在平時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)的時(shí)候作為備考的參考，同時(shí)也可以作為背誦的素材。