職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)詞匯要點(diǎn):副詞與介詞

字號(hào):

副詞
    一、副詞的分類(lèi)(共7類(lèi))
    1.時(shí)間副詞:now, today,ago, recently, always, often, already, usually, sometimes,finally.
    2.地點(diǎn)副詞:here, there, everywhere, above, below, down, up, out, home, in.
    3.方式副詞(大部分是由形容詞加詞尾ly構(gòu)成):badly, bravely, carefully, carelessly, slowly, happily.
    4.程度副詞:much, little, very, rather, almost, partly.
    5.疑問(wèn)副詞(是用來(lái)引起一個(gè)特殊問(wèn)句的),常用的有:when, where, how, why, 例如:
    Where do I get off to change to Bus 14?
    換十四路公共汽車(chē)在哪兒下?
    6.連接副詞(是用來(lái)引起一個(gè)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)從句的),常用的有:when,where,how,why,例如:
    This is where you are wrong. 這就是你不對(duì)的地方。
    7.關(guān)系副詞(是用來(lái)引起一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的),常用的有:when,where,why,例如:
    That is the reason why I am not in favour of revising the plan.
    這就是我不贊成修改計(jì)劃的原因。
    二、副詞的比較級(jí)和級(jí)
    1.只有少數(shù)單音節(jié)的副詞是以加-er和-est來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和級(jí)的,如:hard, harder, hardest; slow, slower, slowest; fast, faster, fastest; early, earlier, earliest.
    2.大多數(shù)都是以加more賀most的方法來(lái)構(gòu)成,如:
    often, more often, most often;
    carefully, more carefully, most carefully;
    successfully, more successfully, most successfully.
    3.下面幾個(gè)副詞有不規(guī)則的比較級(jí)和級(jí)的形式:
    介詞
    一、介詞的分類(lèi)(3類(lèi))
    1.簡(jiǎn)單介詞:at, by, in, of, on, after, from, for, about
    2.合成介詞:into, inside, without, upon, out of, because of
    3.成語(yǔ)介詞:by means of, with the help of, in front of
    二、介詞短語(yǔ)在劇中的作用(介詞不能在句中獨(dú)立使用,只能構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)在句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分)
    1.狀語(yǔ):
    Thank you for reminding me of it.
    謝謝你提醒我。
    He is a responsible man in spite of his shortcomings.
    他盡管有缺點(diǎn),卻是一個(gè)負(fù)責(zé)的人。
    2.定語(yǔ):
    What is the advantage of doing all this?
    做著一切有什么好處呢?
    Most of the products on display are new ones.
    展出的產(chǎn)品大多都是新產(chǎn)品。
    3.表語(yǔ):
    These people are only after fame and position.
    這些人只是追名求位。
    They are out of touch with reality and masses.
    他們脫離實(shí)際和脫離群眾。