46.
This is awkward for universities, which must spend extra money building separate labs and keeping rigorous records proving no federal funds were involved.(2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為This is awkward for universities。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾universities, which在從句中作主語。building separate labs和keeping rigorous records是平行結(jié)構(gòu)，作spend的賓語（extra money）的補(bǔ)足語。proving… involved 是目的狀語。no federal funds were involved是省略that的賓語從句，作proving的賓語。
【譯文】 這一情況讓各大學(xué)很為難，因?yàn)樗麄儾坏貌涣硗馓湾X修建獨(dú)立的實(shí)驗(yàn)室，還要保存能證明這些實(shí)驗(yàn)室與聯(lián)邦基金并無關(guān)聯(lián)的嚴(yán)格記錄。
47.
Their selfishness is most shamelessly expressed in downsizing and outsourcing (將產(chǎn)品包給外公司做) because these business maneuvers don’t act to create new jobs as the founders of new industries used to do, but only to cut out jobs while keeping the money value of what those jobs produced for themselves.(2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為their selfishness is most shamelessly expressed in downsizing and outsourcing。because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。not… but… 連接兩個(gè)平行結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“不是…而是”。第一個(gè)平行結(jié)構(gòu)中包含了一個(gè)as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句，第二個(gè)中包含了一個(gè)what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，作介詞of的賓語。
【譯文】 他們的自私最無恥地表現(xiàn)在裁員和業(yè)務(wù)外包上，因?yàn)榕c過去那些新產(chǎn)業(yè)的創(chuàng)立者們不同，這些商業(yè)操縱者不是去創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會，而是削減就業(yè)機(jī)會，同時(shí)還將這些職位所創(chuàng)造的價(jià)值據(jù)為己有。
48.
The president himself is constantly leaving Washington and the business of the nation because he is summoned to “fundraising dinners” where fat cats pay a thousand or so dollars a plate to worm their way into government not through service but through donations of vast amounts of money.(2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為The president himself is constantly leaving Washington and the business of the nation。because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾fundraising dinners，where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。not… but… 連接兩個(gè)平行結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“不是…而是…”。
【譯文】 總統(tǒng)自己經(jīng)常離開華盛頓，脫身于國家大事，因?yàn)樗谎垍⒓右淮谓右淮蔚幕I款晚宴。在宴會上，那些有錢人為一道菜花費(fèi)上千美元，目的僅僅是為了慢慢進(jìn)入政府，他們憑借的不是對國家的服務(wù)而是大量捐贈(zèng)金錢。
49.
The president’s decision a year ago to allow research on already existing stem cell lines was portrayed as a reasonable compromise between scientists’ needs for cells to work with, and concerns that this kind of research could lead to wholesale creation and destruction of human embryos (胚胎), cloned infants and a general contempt for human life. (2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為The president’s decision was portrayed as a reasonable compromise。不定式短語to allow… lines 作后置定語修飾decision。 that this kind of research… for human life是concerns的同位語從句。between… and… 連接兩個(gè)平行的結(jié)構(gòu)。
【譯文】 一方面，科學(xué)家們需要干細(xì)胞用于研究；另一方面，人們又擔(dān)心這種研究可能導(dǎo)致大規(guī)模制造和銷毀人體胚胎、克隆嬰兒，甚至造成對人類生命的普遍蔑視，而總統(tǒng)一年前允許現(xiàn)存的干細(xì)胞系研究繼續(xù)進(jìn)行的決定被描繪為這兩者之間一個(gè)合理的折衷。
50.
Hindered by limits President Bush placed on stem cell research a year ago, scientists are turning to laboratories that can carry out work without using federal money.(2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為scientists are turning to laboratories。過去分詞短語Hindered by… 作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句Because they are hindered by… 。President Bush placed on stem cell research a year ago是省略關(guān)系代詞that的定語從句，修飾limits，that在從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省略。that can carry out work without using federal money是定語從句，修飾laboratories。
【譯文】 由于一年前布什總統(tǒng)對干細(xì)胞研究設(shè)置了種種限制，科學(xué)家們目前正紛紛轉(zhuǎn)到那些不依賴聯(lián)邦資金就可以開展研究的實(shí)驗(yàn)室。
This is awkward for universities, which must spend extra money building separate labs and keeping rigorous records proving no federal funds were involved.(2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為This is awkward for universities。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾universities, which在從句中作主語。building separate labs和keeping rigorous records是平行結(jié)構(gòu)，作spend的賓語（extra money）的補(bǔ)足語。proving… involved 是目的狀語。no federal funds were involved是省略that的賓語從句，作proving的賓語。
【譯文】 這一情況讓各大學(xué)很為難，因?yàn)樗麄儾坏貌涣硗馓湾X修建獨(dú)立的實(shí)驗(yàn)室，還要保存能證明這些實(shí)驗(yàn)室與聯(lián)邦基金并無關(guān)聯(lián)的嚴(yán)格記錄。
47.
Their selfishness is most shamelessly expressed in downsizing and outsourcing (將產(chǎn)品包給外公司做) because these business maneuvers don’t act to create new jobs as the founders of new industries used to do, but only to cut out jobs while keeping the money value of what those jobs produced for themselves.(2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為their selfishness is most shamelessly expressed in downsizing and outsourcing。because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。not… but… 連接兩個(gè)平行結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“不是…而是”。第一個(gè)平行結(jié)構(gòu)中包含了一個(gè)as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句，第二個(gè)中包含了一個(gè)what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，作介詞of的賓語。
【譯文】 他們的自私最無恥地表現(xiàn)在裁員和業(yè)務(wù)外包上，因?yàn)榕c過去那些新產(chǎn)業(yè)的創(chuàng)立者們不同，這些商業(yè)操縱者不是去創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會，而是削減就業(yè)機(jī)會，同時(shí)還將這些職位所創(chuàng)造的價(jià)值據(jù)為己有。
48.
The president himself is constantly leaving Washington and the business of the nation because he is summoned to “fundraising dinners” where fat cats pay a thousand or so dollars a plate to worm their way into government not through service but through donations of vast amounts of money.(2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為The president himself is constantly leaving Washington and the business of the nation。because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾fundraising dinners，where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語。not… but… 連接兩個(gè)平行結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“不是…而是…”。
【譯文】 總統(tǒng)自己經(jīng)常離開華盛頓，脫身于國家大事，因?yàn)樗谎垍⒓右淮谓右淮蔚幕I款晚宴。在宴會上，那些有錢人為一道菜花費(fèi)上千美元，目的僅僅是為了慢慢進(jìn)入政府，他們憑借的不是對國家的服務(wù)而是大量捐贈(zèng)金錢。
49.
The president’s decision a year ago to allow research on already existing stem cell lines was portrayed as a reasonable compromise between scientists’ needs for cells to work with, and concerns that this kind of research could lead to wholesale creation and destruction of human embryos (胚胎), cloned infants and a general contempt for human life. (2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為The president’s decision was portrayed as a reasonable compromise。不定式短語to allow… lines 作后置定語修飾decision。 that this kind of research… for human life是concerns的同位語從句。between… and… 連接兩個(gè)平行的結(jié)構(gòu)。
【譯文】 一方面，科學(xué)家們需要干細(xì)胞用于研究；另一方面，人們又擔(dān)心這種研究可能導(dǎo)致大規(guī)模制造和銷毀人體胚胎、克隆嬰兒，甚至造成對人類生命的普遍蔑視，而總統(tǒng)一年前允許現(xiàn)存的干細(xì)胞系研究繼續(xù)進(jìn)行的決定被描繪為這兩者之間一個(gè)合理的折衷。
50.
Hindered by limits President Bush placed on stem cell research a year ago, scientists are turning to laboratories that can carry out work without using federal money.(2006年12月)
【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為scientists are turning to laboratories。過去分詞短語Hindered by… 作原因狀語，相當(dāng)于原因狀語從句Because they are hindered by… 。President Bush placed on stem cell research a year ago是省略關(guān)系代詞that的定語從句，修飾limits，that在從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省略。that can carry out work without using federal money是定語從句，修飾laboratories。
【譯文】 由于一年前布什總統(tǒng)對干細(xì)胞研究設(shè)置了種種限制，科學(xué)家們目前正紛紛轉(zhuǎn)到那些不依賴聯(lián)邦資金就可以開展研究的實(shí)驗(yàn)室。