1. 含并列連詞and but or的平行結(jié)構(gòu)
解題要點(diǎn) 當(dāng)上述并列連詞連接兩項(xiàng)或多項(xiàng)對等成分時(shí)，這些成分必須同詞性、同形式。特別注意出現(xiàn)三項(xiàng)以上（含三項(xiàng)）的并列成分，多是考試焦點(diǎn)。
全真例題分析
(1) Quartz may be transparency, translucent, or opaque, and it may be colorless or colored (91.5)
[答案] A 并列連詞or連接三項(xiàng)，其中兩項(xiàng)為形容詞translucent與opaque，故（A）應(yīng)用形容詞transparent與之并列。
(2) At the age of 94. Composer, conductor. Arranger. And acting Eva Jessye led her choral group in the first production of the opera porgy and Bess, written in 1935. (92.1)
[答案] A 并列連詞and連接四項(xiàng)表示身份職業(yè)的名詞，故（A）動(dòng)名詞應(yīng)改為actress。
(3) Atrophy is a decrease in size of a cell, organ, tissues, or other part of the body such as (91.10)
[答案] C 并列連詞or連接四項(xiàng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)，其中cell 和organ皆為單數(shù)形式，故（C）亦應(yīng)改為單數(shù)tissue。
(4) Direct mail advertising serves to acquaint customers with Products, alert them to new opportunities, and paving the way for other sales activities (93.1)
[答案] C 并列連詞and連接三項(xiàng)動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)，前兩項(xiàng)均為動(dòng)詞原形，故（C）動(dòng)名詞亦應(yīng)改為原形動(dòng)詞pave.
(5) A majority of the reports received from people claiming to have seen the lengendaiy Loch Ness monster have proven to be mistakes, misconceptions, or they were being tricked. (93.10)
[答案] D 并列連詞or連接三項(xiàng)成分。前兩項(xiàng)均為名詞，故（D）不應(yīng)出現(xiàn)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，而應(yīng)改為名詞tricks與前面的mistakes和misconceptions平行。
(6) The tongue is capable of many motions and configurations and plays vital rode in chewing, swallowed and speaking.
[答案] D 并列連詞and連接三個(gè)單詞。其中兩項(xiàng)均為動(dòng)名詞，故（D）亦應(yīng)改為動(dòng)名詞swallowing。
2. 比較級(jí)句型要求對比雙方結(jié)構(gòu)對等，比較范圍相當(dāng)。
全真列題分析
(1) Probably no man had more effcet on the daily lives of most people in the United States ------- Henry Ford. A pioneer in automobile production.
(A) as was
(B) than was
(C) than did
(D) as did (92.8)
[答案] C 比較句型 more…than 要求比較的雙方結(jié)構(gòu)相等。前項(xiàng)是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)形式had，故選（C）than did與之平行。
(2) The state of Maine generally has cooler temperatures than -------
(A) there are most other states
(B) most other states which have
(C) most other states have
(D) having most other states (93.10)
[答案] C 這是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的more…than比較句型。只有（C）的句子結(jié)構(gòu)與相對比的前一項(xiàng)完全一致。
(3) The annual worth of Utah*s manufacturing is greater than-------
(A) that of its mining and farming combined
(B) mining and farming combination
(C) that mining and farming combined
(D) of its combination mining and farming (91.8)
[答案] A 此句比較的是utah的年產(chǎn)值（the annual worth) （A）中that即代替了the annual worth，故前后比較的范圍，內(nèi)容一致。
(4) The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than-------
(A) the domestic marketer has
(B) the domestic marketer does
(C) those of the domestic marketer
(D) that which has the domestic marketer (91.5)
[答案] C 此句比較的是國際市場研究者與國內(nèi)市場研究者的活動(dòng)（the activities) 為避免同詞重復(fù)，用（C）those來代替前面的名詞the activities ,因而對比雙方比較的范圍是平行相等的。
(5) Fructose is a monosaccharide sugar that is much sweeter -------
(A) than cane sugar does
(B) does cane sugar
(C) cane sugar
(D) than cane sugar (90.5)
[答案] D 此比較句型前半部分主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，后半部不可出現(xiàn)助動(dòng)詞does（答案A及B），但可省略系詞，如（D）。
3. 比較句型 the +比較級(jí)…the＋比較級(jí)要求前后結(jié)構(gòu)相等。
全真例題分析
(1) The flatter a hair appears under a microscope ------- wavier it is.
(A) although
(B) which
(C) and
(D) the (92.1)
[答案] D The flatter a hair appears 與（D）the wavier it is 是完全對等的結(jié)構(gòu)。
比較級(jí) 主語 謂語動(dòng)詞 比較級(jí) 主語 系動(dòng)詞
(2) The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, ------- to the body.
(A) the stress it is greater
(B) greater is the stress
(C) greater stress is
(D) the greater the stress (90.1)
[答案] D The less the surface 與答案（D） the greater the stress 是完全對等的結(jié)構(gòu)。
4. 語意上的平行結(jié)構(gòu)
解題要點(diǎn) 有一些詞和短語表達(dá)比較的概念，盡管不是比較級(jí)句型，但同樣要求前后對比雙方同形式，同性質(zhì)。
全真例題分析
(1) Alexander Graham Bell once told his family that he would rather of the deaf ------- of the telephone.
(A) than inventing
(B) than as the inventor
(C) the invention
(D) as the inventor (90.8)
[答案] B 表示比較概念的短語would rather …than應(yīng)使用平行結(jié)構(gòu)。
(2) Thomas Jefferson*s achievements as an architect rival his contributions ------- a politician.
(A) such
(B) more
(C) as
(D) than (90.1)
[答案] C 動(dòng)詞rival （比得上）要求比較二項(xiàng)結(jié)構(gòu)相等。
(3) California*s agricultural supremacy dates from 1947. When its farm output first ------- any other state.
(A) that exceeded
(B) exceeded that
(C) exceeded that of
(D) that exceeded of (92.10)
[答案] C 動(dòng)詞exceeded （超過）要求比較的內(nèi)容相當(dāng)。（C）代詞that用以指代比較的內(nèi)容“farm output”
(4) It is common lcnowledge that a flash of lightning is seen before a clap of thunder heard . (93.5)
[答案] D 連詞 be fore用以引出先后發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作。從句意上看。這兩個(gè)動(dòng)作是對比關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用平行結(jié)構(gòu)。（D）改為a clap of thunder is heard ,與a flash of lightning is seen 相平衡。
解題要點(diǎn) 當(dāng)上述并列連詞連接兩項(xiàng)或多項(xiàng)對等成分時(shí)，這些成分必須同詞性、同形式。特別注意出現(xiàn)三項(xiàng)以上（含三項(xiàng)）的并列成分，多是考試焦點(diǎn)。
全真例題分析
(1) Quartz may be transparency, translucent, or opaque, and it may be colorless or colored (91.5)
[答案] A 并列連詞or連接三項(xiàng)，其中兩項(xiàng)為形容詞translucent與opaque，故（A）應(yīng)用形容詞transparent與之并列。
(2) At the age of 94. Composer, conductor. Arranger. And acting Eva Jessye led her choral group in the first production of the opera porgy and Bess, written in 1935. (92.1)
[答案] A 并列連詞and連接四項(xiàng)表示身份職業(yè)的名詞，故（A）動(dòng)名詞應(yīng)改為actress。
(3) Atrophy is a decrease in size of a cell, organ, tissues, or other part of the body such as (91.10)
[答案] C 并列連詞or連接四項(xiàng)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)，其中cell 和organ皆為單數(shù)形式，故（C）亦應(yīng)改為單數(shù)tissue。
(4) Direct mail advertising serves to acquaint customers with Products, alert them to new opportunities, and paving the way for other sales activities (93.1)
[答案] C 并列連詞and連接三項(xiàng)動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)，前兩項(xiàng)均為動(dòng)詞原形，故（C）動(dòng)名詞亦應(yīng)改為原形動(dòng)詞pave.
(5) A majority of the reports received from people claiming to have seen the lengendaiy Loch Ness monster have proven to be mistakes, misconceptions, or they were being tricked. (93.10)
[答案] D 并列連詞or連接三項(xiàng)成分。前兩項(xiàng)均為名詞，故（D）不應(yīng)出現(xiàn)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，而應(yīng)改為名詞tricks與前面的mistakes和misconceptions平行。
(6) The tongue is capable of many motions and configurations and plays vital rode in chewing, swallowed and speaking.
[答案] D 并列連詞and連接三個(gè)單詞。其中兩項(xiàng)均為動(dòng)名詞，故（D）亦應(yīng)改為動(dòng)名詞swallowing。
2. 比較級(jí)句型要求對比雙方結(jié)構(gòu)對等，比較范圍相當(dāng)。
全真列題分析
(1) Probably no man had more effcet on the daily lives of most people in the United States ------- Henry Ford. A pioneer in automobile production.
(A) as was
(B) than was
(C) than did
(D) as did (92.8)
[答案] C 比較句型 more…than 要求比較的雙方結(jié)構(gòu)相等。前項(xiàng)是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)形式had，故選（C）than did與之平行。
(2) The state of Maine generally has cooler temperatures than -------
(A) there are most other states
(B) most other states which have
(C) most other states have
(D) having most other states (93.10)
[答案] C 這是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的more…than比較句型。只有（C）的句子結(jié)構(gòu)與相對比的前一項(xiàng)完全一致。
(3) The annual worth of Utah*s manufacturing is greater than-------
(A) that of its mining and farming combined
(B) mining and farming combination
(C) that mining and farming combined
(D) of its combination mining and farming (91.8)
[答案] A 此句比較的是utah的年產(chǎn)值（the annual worth) （A）中that即代替了the annual worth，故前后比較的范圍，內(nèi)容一致。
(4) The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than-------
(A) the domestic marketer has
(B) the domestic marketer does
(C) those of the domestic marketer
(D) that which has the domestic marketer (91.5)
[答案] C 此句比較的是國際市場研究者與國內(nèi)市場研究者的活動(dòng)（the activities) 為避免同詞重復(fù)，用（C）those來代替前面的名詞the activities ,因而對比雙方比較的范圍是平行相等的。
(5) Fructose is a monosaccharide sugar that is much sweeter -------
(A) than cane sugar does
(B) does cane sugar
(C) cane sugar
(D) than cane sugar (90.5)
[答案] D 此比較句型前半部分主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，后半部不可出現(xiàn)助動(dòng)詞does（答案A及B），但可省略系詞，如（D）。
3. 比較句型 the +比較級(jí)…the＋比較級(jí)要求前后結(jié)構(gòu)相等。
全真例題分析
(1) The flatter a hair appears under a microscope ------- wavier it is.
(A) although
(B) which
(C) and
(D) the (92.1)
[答案] D The flatter a hair appears 與（D）the wavier it is 是完全對等的結(jié)構(gòu)。
比較級(jí) 主語 謂語動(dòng)詞 比較級(jí) 主語 系動(dòng)詞
(2) The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, ------- to the body.
(A) the stress it is greater
(B) greater is the stress
(C) greater stress is
(D) the greater the stress (90.1)
[答案] D The less the surface 與答案（D） the greater the stress 是完全對等的結(jié)構(gòu)。
4. 語意上的平行結(jié)構(gòu)
解題要點(diǎn) 有一些詞和短語表達(dá)比較的概念，盡管不是比較級(jí)句型，但同樣要求前后對比雙方同形式，同性質(zhì)。
全真例題分析
(1) Alexander Graham Bell once told his family that he would rather of the deaf ------- of the telephone.
(A) than inventing
(B) than as the inventor
(C) the invention
(D) as the inventor (90.8)
[答案] B 表示比較概念的短語would rather …than應(yīng)使用平行結(jié)構(gòu)。
(2) Thomas Jefferson*s achievements as an architect rival his contributions ------- a politician.
(A) such
(B) more
(C) as
(D) than (90.1)
[答案] C 動(dòng)詞rival （比得上）要求比較二項(xiàng)結(jié)構(gòu)相等。
(3) California*s agricultural supremacy dates from 1947. When its farm output first ------- any other state.
(A) that exceeded
(B) exceeded that
(C) exceeded that of
(D) that exceeded of (92.10)
[答案] C 動(dòng)詞exceeded （超過）要求比較的內(nèi)容相當(dāng)。（C）代詞that用以指代比較的內(nèi)容“farm output”
(4) It is common lcnowledge that a flash of lightning is seen before a clap of thunder heard . (93.5)
[答案] D 連詞 be fore用以引出先后發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作。從句意上看。這兩個(gè)動(dòng)作是對比關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用平行結(jié)構(gòu)。（D）改為a clap of thunder is heard ,與a flash of lightning is seen 相平衡。