2012年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)翻譯考點(diǎn)解密

字號(hào):

考點(diǎn)解密
    ①固定搭配和固定短語(yǔ)
    固定搭配是翻譯題目中最為核心的考查點(diǎn),也是歷年六級(jí)考試中命題頻率的知識(shí)點(diǎn),應(yīng)該引起考生的高度重視。常考的固定搭配有:動(dòng)詞與名詞搭配,形容詞與名詞搭配,動(dòng)詞與副詞的修飾關(guān)系,名詞與介詞搭配,以及一些常見的固定短語(yǔ)和固定表達(dá)等。
    例1:Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, ________ (而動(dòng)物的行為主要依靠本能). (2007-12)
    答案:while animal's behavior depends mainly/is mainly dependent on/upon their instincts
    考點(diǎn):“依靠”可以用固定短語(yǔ)depend on/upon或be dependent on/upon表示。
    例2:Our years of hard work are all in vain, ________(更別提我們所花費(fèi)的大量金錢了). (2007-06)
    答案:not to mention/let alone the large amount of money (that) we have spent
    考點(diǎn):“更別提,更不用說(shuō)”可以用固定短語(yǔ)not to mention或let alone表示;“大量金錢”應(yīng)該使用短語(yǔ)a large amount of money來(lái)表示。
    ②核心語(yǔ)法
    核心語(yǔ)法的重要考點(diǎn)有:虛擬語(yǔ)氣、倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、各種從句、強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、肯定和否定推測(cè)、it作形式主語(yǔ)和形式賓語(yǔ)、對(duì)比和比較等。
    例1:Mary couldn't have received my letter, ________(否則她上周就該回信了). (2008-06)
    答案:or/otherwise she would have replied/made a reply to me last week
    考點(diǎn):對(duì)過去的肯定推測(cè):“早就該”不是指責(zé)任或義務(wù),而是一種推測(cè),所以應(yīng)該使用would have done結(jié)構(gòu),而不宜使用should have done結(jié)構(gòu)。
    例2:The witness was told that under no circumstances ________(他都不應(yīng)該對(duì)法庭說(shuō)謊). (2007-12)
    答案:should he lie to the court
    考點(diǎn):倒裝結(jié)構(gòu):短語(yǔ)under no circumstances的意思為“絕不”,表示強(qiáng)烈的否定,置于句首時(shí),句子要使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。
    例3:With tears on her face. the lady ________(看著她受傷的兒子被送進(jìn)手術(shù)室). (2006-12新)
    答案:watched her injured son sent into the operation room
    考點(diǎn):非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞:本句中的sent into the operation room是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式,即過去分詞形式,在句子中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
    ③核心動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)
    核心動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn),也是考查的重點(diǎn),這一點(diǎn)在翻譯題型中表現(xiàn)得尤為突出。與其他詞性相比,動(dòng)詞及其短語(yǔ)的考查頻率在翻譯題中是的。因此考生在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中,要注意積累核心動(dòng)詞及其用法方面的知識(shí),力求做到能熟練靈活地把握和運(yùn)用它們。
    例1:I don't think it advisable that parents ________(剝奪孩子們的自由)to spend their spare times as they wish.(2008-12)
    答案:deprive children of their freedom
    考點(diǎn):“剝奪”應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)deprive sb. of sth.來(lái)表達(dá)。
    例2:We can say a lot of things about those ________(畢生致力于詩(shī)歌的人);they are passionate,impulsive,and unique.(2008-06)
    答案.who devote/dedicate their whole lives to poems
    考點(diǎn):“致力于”可以用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)devote/dedicate...to...來(lái)表達(dá)。
    例3:After the terrorist attack,tourists ________(被勸告暫時(shí)不要去該國(guó)旅游).(2006-12新)
    答案:were advised not to travel to that country for the moment
    考點(diǎn):“勸告某人不要去做某事”可以用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)advise sb. not to do sth.來(lái)表達(dá)。