演講之前感到些許緊張是自然的，這表明你渴望把事情做好。不過(guò)，過(guò)度緊張會(huì)適得其反。本文將向你介紹一些控制緊張情緒，進(jìn)而使演講達(dá)到預(yù)期效果的方法。
10 Tips for Successful Public Speaking
Know the room. Be familiar with the place in which you will speak.① Arrive early, walk around the speaking area and practise using the microphone and any visual aids.
Know the audience. Greet some of the audience as they arrive. It’s easier to speak to a group of friends than to a group of strangers.
Know your material. If you’re not familiar with your material or are uncomfortable with it, your nervousness will increase. Practise your speech and revise it if necessary.
Relax. Ease tension by doing exercises. Visualize yourself giving your speech. Imagine yourself speaking, your voice loud, clear, and assured. When you visualize yourself as successful, you will be successful.
Realize that people want you to succeed. Audiences want you to be interesting, stimulating, informative, and entertaining. They don’t want you to fail.
Don’t apologize. If you mention your nervousness or apologize for any problems you think you have with your speech, you may be calling the audience’s attention to something they hadn’t noticed. Keep silent.②
Concentrate on the message — not the medium. Focus your attention away from your own anxieties, and outwardly toward your message and your audience. Your nervousness will dissipate.
Turn nervousness into positive energy. Harness your nervous energy and transform it into vitality and enthusiasm.③
Gain experience. Experience builds confidence, which is the key to effective speaking. A Toastmasters club can provide the experience you need.
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行文點(diǎn)評(píng)
本文從十個(gè)方面以提建議的方式向人們介紹了在演講中克服緊張的方法。從演講前的準(zhǔn)備工作到演講后的積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)，結(jié)合演講的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行分析，不僅具有針對(duì)性并且符合邏輯順序。
文章語(yǔ)言平實(shí)，通俗易懂，采用第二人稱(chēng)的敘述手法，使文章更加具有親和力，讓讀者保持一個(gè)輕松的心態(tài)。文章構(gòu)思精巧，按照演講的程序分別提出建議，循序漸進(jìn)，充實(shí)而具體。
好文妙譯
成功演講十秘訣
熟悉場(chǎng)地。爭(zhēng)取熟悉你要在那里發(fā)表演講的環(huán)境。提早到達(dá)并巡視講臺(tái)，練習(xí)使用麥克風(fēng)和其他輔助視覺(jué)設(shè)施。
熟悉聽(tīng)眾。在聽(tīng)眾進(jìn)入會(huì)場(chǎng)時(shí)向他們致意。向一群朋友演講總比對(duì)一群陌生人演講來(lái)得容易些。
熟悉你的講稿。如果你不熟悉你的稿子或者對(duì)它不滿(mǎn)意，你的緊張感就會(huì)增強(qiáng)。練習(xí)一下你的演講稿，并且做必要的修改。
放松自己。做些準(zhǔn)備活動(dòng)松弛緊張的神經(jīng)。 設(shè)想你自己演講時(shí)的情景。想象你自己在侃侃而談，聲音洪亮、吐字清晰、充滿(mǎn)自信。倘能設(shè)想自己成功，你就一定會(huì)成功。
要意識(shí)到在場(chǎng)的人們希望你成功。聽(tīng)眾希望你的講話趣味昂然、催人向上、旁征博引且風(fēng)趣幽默。他們不愿看到你把事情搞砸。
不要道歉。假使你說(shuō)到你的緊張或?yàn)橹v稿中到不妥的地方表示歉意，你就可能是在提醒聽(tīng)眾注意一些他們其實(shí)并未意識(shí)到的東西。對(duì)此絕口不提就是。
集中注意力在內(nèi)容上，而不是形式。把你的注意力從內(nèi)心的焦慮上解脫出來(lái)，轉(zhuǎn)向外在的演講內(nèi)容和聽(tīng)眾。然后你的緊張感就會(huì)逐漸消失。
把緊張轉(zhuǎn)化為積極的動(dòng)力。要控制你的緊張情緒并把它變?yōu)榛盍蜔崆椤? 積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)。經(jīng)驗(yàn)會(huì)帶來(lái)自信，而自信正是演講取得成效的關(guān)鍵。加入司儀俱樂(lè)部你就能學(xué)到你需要的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
詞匯斟酌
revise vt. 修訂，修改，復(fù)習(xí)
tension n. 緊張，緊張狀態(tài)
visualize vt. 想象，設(shè)想
stimulating vt. 刺激的，激勵(lì)的
informative a. 提供知識(shí)的，增長(zhǎng)見(jiàn)識(shí)的
entertaining a. 愉快的，有趣的
dissipate vi. 消散，消失
vitality n. 活力，生命力
toastmaster n. 司儀，主持人
佳句臨摹
?、佟咀⑨尅縝e familiar with熟知，通曉
【臨摹】I am of course familiar with your work.我當(dāng)然熟悉你的工作。
?、凇咀⑨尅縞all one’s attention吸引某人的注意力
【臨摹】Don’t disturb by his behavior, he just try to call our attention to him.別受他干擾，他只不過(guò)是想引起我們的注意罷了。
?、邸咀⑨尅縣arness原意是“上馬具”，引申為“控制，掌握”
【臨摹】If you can harness your energy, you will accomplish a great deal.如果你能控制你的精力，你將獲得巨大成功。
④【注釋】transform into改變，轉(zhuǎn)化
【臨摹】A thick, fibrous fog had transformed the trees into ghosts and the streetlights into soft, haloed moons. 濃密厚重的霧使樹(shù)木看起來(lái)像鬼魂，街燈看起來(lái)像是帶著柔和光暈的月亮。
If you wish to succeed, you should use persistence as your good friend, experience as your reference, and prudence as your brother and hope as your sentry.如果你希望成功，當(dāng)以恒心為良友，以經(jīng)驗(yàn)為參謀，以謹(jǐn)慎為兄弟，以希望為哨兵。
思如泉涌
Experience more than sufficiently teaches that men govern nothing with more difficulty than their tongues. 經(jīng)驗(yàn)給我們太多的教訓(xùn)，告訴我們?nèi)祟?lèi)最難管制的東西，莫過(guò)于自己的舌頭。