Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section C(復(fù)合式聽寫調(diào)整為單詞及詞組聽寫，短文長(zhǎng)度及難度不變。)
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
播放聽力音頻：
Growing numbers of bright students face missing out on their first choice university, academics warned today, as figures showed three-quarters of institutions are being forced to reduce places.
Almost 100 out of 130 universities in England could be forced to take fewer 26__________ this year, following the introduction of Coalition reforms designed to drive down 27__________ fees.
Many members of the elite Russell Group are among those facing 28__________ , with Liverpool, Leeds, Manchester, Newcastle and Southampton being particularly 29__________ .
Data from the Government’s Higher Education Funding Council for England suggests some newer universities such as Bedfordshire and East London are expecting to lose around one-in-eight places.
The cuts are being 30__________ following the introduction of new rules that effectively 31__________ universities charging more than ?7,500 in student fees from this autumn.
It means large numbers of places are being 32__________ towards cheap further education colleges.
Ministers are also lifting controls on the number of bright students gaining at least two A grades and a B at A-level that universities can recruit— 33__________an inevitable scramble towards a small number of top institutions.
The funding council’s chief executive denied the loss of student places would tip any institution into significant financial trouble.
But Prof Michael Farthing, vice-chancellor of Sussex University and chairman of the 1994 Group, which represents many small research institutions, said the figures show that many excellent students will be denied places at their first choice universities.
“The number of students universities are allowed to recruit has been cut across the sector, with 20,000 places 34__________ to institutions with lower than average fees, ” he said.
“Far from giving the best universities freedom to 35__________ more students, this represents a push to a cut-price education.”
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section B (原快速閱讀理解調(diào)整為長(zhǎng)篇閱讀理解，篇章長(zhǎng)度和難度不變。篇章后附有10個(gè)句子，每句一題。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出與每句所含信息相匹配的段落。) Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more marking the corresponding letter on than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by Answer Sheet 2. Why Are Airlines Withholding Seats? Behind the screen indeed [D] An awful plot goes on behind airline and travel booking screens, and much of it is strictly off-limits to consumers. What we do know is that for decades now airlines have become masters of what the industry calls yield management, offering millions of combinations of fares based on advance purchase patterns and other booking trends, so nearly everyone pays a different price based on when they buy. But now that paying extra for your seat selection has become common practice, securing your reservation is just half the battle. [E] Some industry experts have connected the dots. “They’re trying to get people to buy premium seats,” says George Hobica, USATODAY.com’s Fly Guy columnist and the founder of Airfarewatchdog.com. “They want to increase revenue. And we’re getting more complaints about it. ” He notes that it “really annoys” passengers who want to sit together, particularly when traveling with small children. [F] He’s echoed by Kevin Mitchell, chairman of the Business Travel Coalition(聯(lián)盟):“With yield management, consumers are aware and they know that airlines are constantly changing prices on seats. But if this is true, it is unethical—they’re grossly misleading us. The thing that I find so offensive is conveying to me that I have no options, but if I wait a week or two then I do have options. ” [G ] According to the airlines, the reason for ancillary (附力口 的)revenue is unbundling (分類計(jì)價(jià))ticket prices, so passengers who desire a given service—say checking a bag or ordering a soft drink—pay for it, while those who don’t are spared the cost. But as Mitchell notes, “There’s another twist to this. The airlines are saying fees are for ‘optional services.’ Well, seats aren’t optional!” [H ] Of course, securing a good seat isn’t an issue if you’re in first class or you’re an elite member of a frequent flyer program. But what about the rest of us? As I’ve pointed out repeatedly in recent columns, we’re faced with record-high load factors, the highest for the U.S. airline industry since World War II. But even with the average percentage of occupied seats for domestic flights at 82.7%, it’s still an average—some flights will be fuller but others will not, particularly weeks in advance. Yet searching for seats keeps getting harder and harder. Seats for sale [I ] Hobica cites the major airlines as the prime culprits (起因)，but he also notes even low-cost carriers can make securing seats difficult. On the flip side, he credits JetBlue and Virgin America for providing customers with clear policies. And then there is British Airways, which allows passengers in economy and business classes to select seats only 24 hours in advance. I asked an airline representative if seeing fewer free seats is a trend, and the response was: “That’s going to vary because there are so many variables. ” [J] I decided to check on seat availability at Delta.com. I inquired about economy-class availability for two seats on a busy route—Atlanta to Chicago—and conducted an apples-to-apples search for the same morning departure seven days in advance, and again 14 days in advance. For the flight one week out, a total of only eight seats were available, one preferred and seven standard, but only one set of two seats together. For the flight two weeks out, a total of 29 seats were available, consisting of 20 preferred and only nine standard, and still with only one set together. Remarkable how even twice the booking time still produced so few “free” seats, separately or together, yet there were plenty of seats that could be bought for the right price. [K] I contacted Delta and a spokesman said the price for preferred economy varies “depending on a number of different factors,” so customers need to compare the costs on a flight-by-flight basis. The preferred seats are reserved primarily for Medallion (大勛章)members, and become available without additional charge 24 hours prior to departure. When asked if Delta has received complaints about a dearth of free seats, he stated, “Overall, our seat program has been received very well. ” [L] But my findings dovetailed (吻合)with recent complaints filed with Airfarewatchdog: (1) When (my husband) tried to get a seat assignment on the first flight there was just one “complimentary (免費(fèi)的)seat” (near the back in the middle) available... the other available seats had to be purchased for $69. On the connecting flight there were no “complimentary seats” at all! Is this legal? He bought and paid for a ticket on these flights and now he is supposed to “buy” a seat! (2) (After) paying for the flight, a message popped up and said that I could only get a seat assignment when I checked in. In order to get a confirmed seat, I had to pay $129 extra! Unless I pay, without a confirmed seat, I am the first one to be bumped from the flight if they are overbooked. How do they get away with this? (3) Does checking in online at the 24-hour mark before the flight give me a number in line or let me select seats then? Or do we all rush the gate with our boarding passes (and no seat assignment) in order to get the seat assignment? How to respond? [M] So what can you do? It’s a tough proposition. Usually I would offer strategies for countering such airline initiatives, but in this case the options are limited. That’s why some believe the U.S. Department of Transportation should investigate these practices. As Mitchell says, “The airlines are holding all the cards with this one. There is a sore need for transparency on this. When people are confused, they make bad decisions. ” [N] That said, consider the following: (1) When budgeting your airfares, make sure you consider not just baggage fees but the added cost of seat selection—for all travelers and in both directions. (2) If possible, book early, when there should be more seats available, and check in early too. Why the qualifier “should”? Because if availability is artificially manipulated, it’s hard to be certain. (3) Book airlines that offer more transparent seat- selection policies. Of course, this is not an issue with Southwest and other carriers that offer “open seating” policies. (4) Finally, the last resort is what Hobica calls “horse trading”: negotiating seat swaps with other passengers. But this has become a risky and undesirable option with flights so full, overhead bins (行李倉(cāng))so crammed and fellow passengers who may have paid for premium seats in advance. 46. Behind the airline and travel booking screens, a terrible plot is being carried out, much of which is rigorously kept confidential from passengers. 47. The airlines’ excuse for additional fees is unbundling ticket prices, so those who want the given service like baggage check and soft drink ordering will have to pay. 48. Whether some carriers withhold seats on purpose for earning consumers，premium is a question deserving to be cleared up. 49. Mitchell holds that there is an urgent need for transparency on carriers# seat assignments. 50. While Hobica ascribes the main responsibilities to the major airlines, he also mentions that the low-cost carriers are making securing seats difficult. 51. Some believe that, in order to solve the problem of airlines，withholding seats, some actions should be taken by the U.S. Department of Transportation. 52. When people budget their airfares, they should consider both the baggage fees and the added cost of seat selection. 53. Kevin Mitchell considers the so-called yield management of the industry unethical and misleading. 54. What the spokesman of Delta says suggests that the preferred economy-class tickets are available 24 hours in advance of the plane’s departure. 55. The last strategy to counter the airline’s initiatives is to exchange seats with other passengers by negotiating with them.
PartⅣ Translation (30 minutes)(原單句漢譯英調(diào)整為段落漢譯英。翻譯內(nèi)容涉及中國(guó)的歷史、文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)發(fā)展等。四級(jí)長(zhǎng)度為140-160個(gè)漢字;六級(jí)長(zhǎng)度為180-200個(gè)漢字。) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 中歐經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易合作取得了可喜的成果。歐盟巳經(jīng)成為中國(guó)的重要經(jīng)貿(mào)伙伴，是中國(guó)的技術(shù)供應(yīng)方、 第三大貿(mào)易伙伴和第五大實(shí)際投資方。2001年，中歐貿(mào)易達(dá)到766億美元，比上一年增長(zhǎng)11%，尤其是中國(guó)從 歐盟的進(jìn)口增長(zhǎng)了 15.8%。我非常贊賞歐中貿(mào)協(xié)(Europe-China Business Association)與比中經(jīng)貿(mào)理事會(huì) (Belgium-Chinese Economic and Commercial Council)為發(fā)展中歐關(guān)系所做出的努力。中歐經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易合作具有廣 闊的前景。中歐經(jīng)濟(jì)具有很強(qiáng)的互補(bǔ)性，在貿(mào)易、投資、科技等領(lǐng)域具有很大的合作潛力。
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension Section C 26. undergraduates 大學(xué)本科生 27. tuition 學(xué)費(fèi) 28. reductions 縮減，降低 29. hit打擊 30.imposed施加，強(qiáng)加 31. punish處罰，懲罰 32. shifted改變，變換 33. leading to 導(dǎo)致 34. auctioned off 被拍賣掉 35. take on 錄用
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Section B 46. [D]。題干意為，在航空公司和旅行社的訂票系統(tǒng)中，一項(xiàng)可怕的陰謀正在實(shí)施，而其中的隱情則嚴(yán)格對(duì) 乘客保密。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞 airline and travel booking screens, a terrible plot, rigorously和confidential。 文章段落中，論及航空公司和旅行社訂票陰謀的內(nèi)容在[D]段出現(xiàn)，該段第一句就提到訂票系統(tǒng)幕后的情 況很可怕，消費(fèi)者大多毫不知情。由此可見，題干對(duì)原文做了同義改寫，故答案為[D]。題干中的aterribleplot和 is rigorously kept confidential for分別與原文中的an awful plot和is strictly off-limits to相對(duì)應(yīng)。? 47. [G]。題干意為，航空公司把實(shí)行機(jī)票分類計(jì)價(jià)作為額外收費(fèi)的借口，所以那些想要諸如檢查行李或點(diǎn)軟 飲料等特定服務(wù)的乘客就必須承擔(dān)相應(yīng)費(fèi)用。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞unbundling ticket prices和the given service。原文段落中，論及機(jī)票分類計(jì)價(jià)和要求特定服務(wù)的內(nèi)容在[G]段出現(xiàn)，該段第一句就提到航空公 司稱，之所以收取附加費(fèi)是實(shí)行機(jī)票分類計(jì)價(jià)的緣故，這樣一來(lái)，如果乘客想要某種特定的服務(wù)——比 如，托運(yùn)包裹或者點(diǎn)一杯軟飲料——就要為此付費(fèi)，而那些不需要此類服務(wù)的乘客則無(wú)需付費(fèi)。由此可 見，題干是對(duì)原文的同義改寫，故答案為[G]。 48. [C]。題干意為，部分運(yùn)營(yíng)商是否故意保留座位以賺取消費(fèi)者附加費(fèi)這個(gè)問(wèn)題值得弄清楚。注意抓住題干 中的關(guān)鍵詞carriers, premium和question。原文段落中，論及運(yùn)營(yíng)商們是否故意收取附加費(fèi)的問(wèn)題在[C]段出 現(xiàn)，該段中作者提到，這是一個(gè)值得研究的問(wèn)題，而且其情況到底如何也很引人關(guān)注，實(shí)際上就是在說(shuō)這 個(gè)問(wèn)題值得弄清楚。由此可見，題干是對(duì)原文的同義改寫，故答案為[C]。題干中的withhold和on purpose分 別對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的 holding back和intentionally。 49. [M]。題干意為，米切爾認(rèn)為運(yùn)營(yíng)商們?cè)诜峙渥贿@一問(wèn)題上亟須公開、透明。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞 Mitchell, need和transparency。原文段落中，提到Mitchell且論及分配座位透明度的內(nèi)容在[M]段出現(xiàn)，該段 第五句引用Mitchell的原話，指出這一問(wèn)題亟待公開、透明。由此可見，題干是對(duì)原文的同義改寫，故答案 為[M]。題干中的urgent need對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的sore need，carriers! seat assignment代指原文中的this。 50. [I]。題干意為，盡管霍比卡把主要責(zé)任歸咎于各大航空公司，他也提到，低成本的運(yùn)營(yíng)商們同樣使得座位 的獲得變得困難。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞Hobica, the main responsibilities，the major airlines和the low-cost carriers。原文段落中，提及Hobica和低成本的運(yùn)營(yíng)商使獲得座位變得困難的內(nèi)容在[I]段出現(xiàn)，該段第一句 話提到，霍比卡認(rèn)為各大航空公司是造成這種狀況的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?，低成本的運(yùn)營(yíng)商也起到了推波助瀾的作 用。由此可見，題干是對(duì)原文的同義改寫，故答案為[I]。題干中的ascribes...to...和main responsibilities分別 對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的cites…as…和prime culprits。 51. [M]題干意為，一些人認(rèn)為，為了解決航空公司保留座位的問(wèn)題，美國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸部應(yīng)該采取一些措施。注 意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞the U.S. Department of Transportation。文章段落中，論及美國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸部的內(nèi)容在 [M]段出現(xiàn)，該段第三、四句話提到，通常作者會(huì)就如何應(yīng)對(duì)航空公司的這類政策給出一些策略，但是在 這種情況下，可選擇的策略非常有限。這就是為什么一些人認(rèn)為美國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸部應(yīng)該對(duì)此類做法進(jìn)行調(diào)查 的原因。由此可見，人們認(rèn)為交通運(yùn)輸部應(yīng)該有所行動(dòng)，故答案為[M]。 52. [N]。題干意為，人們?cè)跒橘I機(jī)票制定預(yù)算的時(shí)候，應(yīng)該把行李的費(fèi)用和附加的選擇座位的費(fèi)用都考慮在 內(nèi)。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞budget, airfares, baggage fees和the added cost of seat selection。文章段落中，論 及制定機(jī)票預(yù)算的內(nèi)容在[N]段出現(xiàn)，該段第(1)點(diǎn)提到，預(yù)算票價(jià)的時(shí)候，確保自己不僅將行李費(fèi)用考 慮在內(nèi)，還要考慮為選擇座位而支付的額外費(fèi)用。由此可見，題干對(duì)原文進(jìn)行了同義改寫，故答案為[N]。 53. [F]。題干意為，凱文?米切爾認(rèn)為所謂的收益管理是不道德且具有誤導(dǎo)性的。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞 Kevin Mitchell, yield management, unethical和misleading。文章段落中，提到Kevin Mitchell和航空業(yè)收益管 理的內(nèi)容在[F]段出現(xiàn)，該段引用米切爾的原話中提到，對(duì)于收益管理，消費(fèi)者心里有數(shù)，他們知道航空公司經(jīng)常改變座位的價(jià)格。但是如果情況果真如此的話，航空公司的做法確實(shí)是不道德的 他們?cè)趪?yán)重地誤導(dǎo)人們。由此可見，題干是對(duì)原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[F]。 54. [K]。題干意為，達(dá)美航空公司發(fā)言人的話表明，經(jīng)濟(jì)艙優(yōu)等座在飛機(jī)起飛前24小時(shí)內(nèi)可獲得。注意題干中 的關(guān)鍵詞 the spokesman of Delta, the preferred economy-class tickets, available和the plane’s departure。文章段 落中，論及達(dá)美航空公司發(fā)言人的內(nèi)容在[K]段出現(xiàn)，該段第二句提到，優(yōu)等座主要是為獎(jiǎng)?wù)鲁蓡T預(yù)留的， 在飛機(jī)起飛前24小時(shí)內(nèi)無(wú)需支付額外費(fèi)用就可獲得。由此可見，題干是對(duì)原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[K]。 55. [N]題干意為，應(yīng)對(duì)航空公司這類行為的最后策略是和其他乘客商量調(diào)換座位。注意題干中的關(guān)鍵詞the last strategy, exchange seats和negotiating。文章段落中，論及與其他乘客商量調(diào)換座位的內(nèi)容在[N]段出現(xiàn)， 該段第(4)點(diǎn)提到，最后一個(gè)應(yīng)對(duì)策略，即霍比卡所說(shuō)的“討價(jià)還價(jià)”，是和其他乘客商量一下調(diào)換座位。由此可見，題干是對(duì)原文的同義改寫，故答案為 [N]。題干中的the last strategy和exchange seats with other passengers by negotiating with them 分另']對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的 the last resort 和 negotiating seat swaps with other passengers。
Part Ⅳ Translation 參考答案 China-EU economic and trade cooperation has yielded heartening fruits. The EU has now become an important economic and trade partner of China, working as the largest technology supplier, the third largest trading partner and the fifth largest actual investor in China. Bilateral trade reached 76.6 billion dollars in 2001, achieving an 11% increase compared to the previous year. In particular, China’s imports from the EU grew by 15.8%. I highly appreciate the efforts by the Europe-China Business Association and the Belgium-Chinese Economic and Commercial Council for developing China-EU ties. China-EU trade and economic cooperation is endowed with a promising future. The two economies are strongly complimentary to each other and hence enjoy huge potential for cooperation in trade, investment, science and technology areas. 難點(diǎn)精析 1.中歐經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易合作取得了可喜的成果：EU=European Union，表示歐盟;“取得了”可譯為has got，但稍顯生硬，yield fruit意為“結(jié)果，取得成果”，用在此處更為恰當(dāng);“可喜的”可譯為heartening，還可譯為^ promising。 2.第三大貿(mào)易伙伴和第五大實(shí)際投資方：“”用thelargest來(lái)表示，“第幾大”則可譯為the+序數(shù)詞+largest，因此此處“第三大”譯為 thethirdlargest; “第五大”譯為the fi他largest?！百Q(mào)易伙伴”譯為tradingpartner; “實(shí)際投資方”譯為actual investor。 3. 766億美元：應(yīng)譯為76.6 billion dollars。billion意為“10億”，而不是“1 億”。 4.增長(zhǎng)了15.8%:可譯為grew by 15.8%,還可譯為increased by 15.8%。increase的反義詞為decrease，二者用 法相同，后接具體的百分比時(shí)，要與介詞by連用。 5.發(fā)展中歐關(guān)系：“關(guān)系”還可譯為relationship，但tie表示的“關(guān)系”比relationship的情感色彩更強(qiáng)烈一些， ; 意為“緊密關(guān)系”，此處原文中雖沒有提及“緊密”，但很顯然是要發(fā)展中歐的緊密關(guān)系，故譯成tie更貼合文意。 6.具有很強(qiáng)的互補(bǔ)性：可譯為are strongly complimentary to each other, complimentary意為“互補(bǔ)的”。 7.具有很大的合作潛力：“具有”此處譯為enjoy顯得生動(dòng)，帶有較強(qiáng)的感情色彩。potential后應(yīng)與介詞for 搭配。
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section B (原快速閱讀理解調(diào)整為長(zhǎng)篇閱讀理解，篇章長(zhǎng)度和難度不變。篇章后附有10個(gè)句子，每句一題。每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出與每句所含信息相匹配的段落。) Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more marking the corresponding letter on than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by Answer Sheet 2. Why Are Airlines Withholding Seats? Behind the screen indeed [D] An awful plot goes on behind airline and travel booking screens, and much of it is strictly off-limits to consumers. What we do know is that for decades now airlines have become masters of what the industry calls yield management, offering millions of combinations of fares based on advance purchase patterns and other booking trends, so nearly everyone pays a different price based on when they buy. But now that paying extra for your seat selection has become common practice, securing your reservation is just half the battle. [E] Some industry experts have connected the dots. “They’re trying to get people to buy premium seats,” says George Hobica, USATODAY.com’s Fly Guy columnist and the founder of Airfarewatchdog.com. “They want to increase revenue. And we’re getting more complaints about it. ” He notes that it “really annoys” passengers who want to sit together, particularly when traveling with small children. [F] He’s echoed by Kevin Mitchell, chairman of the Business Travel Coalition(聯(lián)盟):“With yield management, consumers are aware and they know that airlines are constantly changing prices on seats. But if this is true, it is unethical—they’re grossly misleading us. The thing that I find so offensive is conveying to me that I have no options, but if I wait a week or two then I do have options. ” [G ] According to the airlines, the reason for ancillary (附力口 的)revenue is unbundling (分類計(jì)價(jià))ticket prices, so passengers who desire a given service—say checking a bag or ordering a soft drink—pay for it, while those who don’t are spared the cost. But as Mitchell notes, “There’s another twist to this. The airlines are saying fees are for ‘optional services.’ Well, seats aren’t optional!” [H ] Of course, securing a good seat isn’t an issue if you’re in first class or you’re an elite member of a frequent flyer program. But what about the rest of us? As I’ve pointed out repeatedly in recent columns, we’re faced with record-high load factors, the highest for the U.S. airline industry since World War II. But even with the average percentage of occupied seats for domestic flights at 82.7%, it’s still an average—some flights will be fuller but others will not, particularly weeks in advance. Yet searching for seats keeps getting harder and harder. Seats for sale [I ] Hobica cites the major airlines as the prime culprits (起因)，but he also notes even low-cost carriers can make securing seats difficult. On the flip side, he credits JetBlue and Virgin America for providing customers with clear policies. And then there is British Airways, which allows passengers in economy and business classes to select seats only 24 hours in advance. I asked an airline representative if seeing fewer free seats is a trend, and the response was: “That’s going to vary because there are so many variables. ” [J] I decided to check on seat availability at Delta.com. I inquired about economy-class availability for two seats on a busy route—Atlanta to Chicago—and conducted an apples-to-apples search for the same morning departure seven days in advance, and again 14 days in advance. For the flight one week out, a total of only eight seats were available, one preferred and seven standard, but only one set of two seats together. For the flight two weeks out, a total of 29 seats were available, consisting of 20 preferred and only nine standard, and still with only one set together. Remarkable how even twice the booking time still produced so few “free” seats, separately or together, yet there were plenty of seats that could be bought for the right price. [K] I contacted Delta and a spokesman said the price for preferred economy varies “depending on a number of different factors,” so customers need to compare the costs on a flight-by-flight basis. The preferred seats are reserved primarily for Medallion (大勛章)members, and become available without additional charge 24 hours prior to departure. When asked if Delta has received complaints about a dearth of free seats, he stated, “Overall, our seat program has been received very well. ” [L] But my findings dovetailed (吻合)with recent complaints filed with Airfarewatchdog: (1) When (my husband) tried to get a seat assignment on the first flight there was just one “complimentary (免費(fèi)的)seat” (near the back in the middle) available... the other available seats had to be purchased for $69. On the connecting flight there were no “complimentary seats” at all! Is this legal? He bought and paid for a ticket on these flights and now he is supposed to “buy” a seat! (2) (After) paying for the flight, a message popped up and said that I could only get a seat assignment when I checked in. In order to get a confirmed seat, I had to pay $129 extra! Unless I pay, without a confirmed seat, I am the first one to be bumped from the flight if they are overbooked. How do they get away with this? (3) Does checking in online at the 24-hour mark before the flight give me a number in line or let me select seats then? Or do we all rush the gate with our boarding passes (and no seat assignment) in order to get the seat assignment? How to respond? [M] So what can you do? It’s a tough proposition. Usually I would offer strategies for countering such airline initiatives, but in this case the options are limited. That’s why some believe the U.S. Department of Transportation should investigate these practices. As Mitchell says, “The airlines are holding all the cards with this one. There is a sore need for transparency on this. When people are confused, they make bad decisions. ” [N] That said, consider the following: (1) When budgeting your airfares, make sure you consider not just baggage fees but the added cost of seat selection—for all travelers and in both directions. (2) If possible, book early, when there should be more seats available, and check in early too. Why the qualifier “should”? Because if availability is artificially manipulated, it’s hard to be certain. (3) Book airlines that offer more transparent seat- selection policies. Of course, this is not an issue with Southwest and other carriers that offer “open seating” policies. (4) Finally, the last resort is what Hobica calls “horse trading”: negotiating seat swaps with other passengers. But this has become a risky and undesirable option with flights so full, overhead bins (行李倉(cāng))so crammed and fellow passengers who may have paid for premium seats in advance. 46. Behind the airline and travel booking screens, a terrible plot is being carried out, much of which is rigorously kept confidential from passengers. 47. The airlines’ excuse for additional fees is unbundling ticket prices, so those who want the given service like baggage check and soft drink ordering will have to pay. 48. Whether some carriers withhold seats on purpose for earning consumers，premium is a question deserving to be cleared up. 49. Mitchell holds that there is an urgent need for transparency on carriers# seat assignments. 50. While Hobica ascribes the main responsibilities to the major airlines, he also mentions that the low-cost carriers are making securing seats difficult. 51. Some believe that, in order to solve the problem of airlines，withholding seats, some actions should be taken by the U.S. Department of Transportation. 52. When people budget their airfares, they should consider both the baggage fees and the added cost of seat selection. 53. Kevin Mitchell considers the so-called yield management of the industry unethical and misleading. 54. What the spokesman of Delta says suggests that the preferred economy-class tickets are available 24 hours in advance of the plane’s departure. 55. The last strategy to counter the airline’s initiatives is to exchange seats with other passengers by negotiating with them.
PartⅣ Translation (30 minutes)(原單句漢譯英調(diào)整為段落漢譯英。翻譯內(nèi)容涉及中國(guó)的歷史、文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)發(fā)展等。四級(jí)長(zhǎng)度為140-160個(gè)漢字;六級(jí)長(zhǎng)度為180-200個(gè)漢字。) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2. 中歐經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易合作取得了可喜的成果。歐盟巳經(jīng)成為中國(guó)的重要經(jīng)貿(mào)伙伴，是中國(guó)的技術(shù)供應(yīng)方、 第三大貿(mào)易伙伴和第五大實(shí)際投資方。2001年，中歐貿(mào)易達(dá)到766億美元，比上一年增長(zhǎng)11%，尤其是中國(guó)從 歐盟的進(jìn)口增長(zhǎng)了 15.8%。我非常贊賞歐中貿(mào)協(xié)(Europe-China Business Association)與比中經(jīng)貿(mào)理事會(huì) (Belgium-Chinese Economic and Commercial Council)為發(fā)展中歐關(guān)系所做出的努力。中歐經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易合作具有廣 闊的前景。中歐經(jīng)濟(jì)具有很強(qiáng)的互補(bǔ)性，在貿(mào)易、投資、科技等領(lǐng)域具有很大的合作潛力。
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension Section C 26. undergraduates 大學(xué)本科生 27. tuition 學(xué)費(fèi) 28. reductions 縮減，降低 29. hit打擊 30.imposed施加，強(qiáng)加 31. punish處罰，懲罰 32. shifted改變，變換 33. leading to 導(dǎo)致 34. auctioned off 被拍賣掉 35. take on 錄用
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Section B 46. [D]。題干意為，在航空公司和旅行社的訂票系統(tǒng)中，一項(xiàng)可怕的陰謀正在實(shí)施，而其中的隱情則嚴(yán)格對(duì) 乘客保密。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞 airline and travel booking screens, a terrible plot, rigorously和confidential。 文章段落中，論及航空公司和旅行社訂票陰謀的內(nèi)容在[D]段出現(xiàn)，該段第一句就提到訂票系統(tǒng)幕后的情 況很可怕，消費(fèi)者大多毫不知情。由此可見，題干對(duì)原文做了同義改寫，故答案為[D]。題干中的aterribleplot和 is rigorously kept confidential for分別與原文中的an awful plot和is strictly off-limits to相對(duì)應(yīng)。? 47. [G]。題干意為，航空公司把實(shí)行機(jī)票分類計(jì)價(jià)作為額外收費(fèi)的借口，所以那些想要諸如檢查行李或點(diǎn)軟 飲料等特定服務(wù)的乘客就必須承擔(dān)相應(yīng)費(fèi)用。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞unbundling ticket prices和the given service。原文段落中，論及機(jī)票分類計(jì)價(jià)和要求特定服務(wù)的內(nèi)容在[G]段出現(xiàn)，該段第一句就提到航空公 司稱，之所以收取附加費(fèi)是實(shí)行機(jī)票分類計(jì)價(jià)的緣故，這樣一來(lái)，如果乘客想要某種特定的服務(wù)——比 如，托運(yùn)包裹或者點(diǎn)一杯軟飲料——就要為此付費(fèi)，而那些不需要此類服務(wù)的乘客則無(wú)需付費(fèi)。由此可 見，題干是對(duì)原文的同義改寫，故答案為[G]。 48. [C]。題干意為，部分運(yùn)營(yíng)商是否故意保留座位以賺取消費(fèi)者附加費(fèi)這個(gè)問(wèn)題值得弄清楚。注意抓住題干 中的關(guān)鍵詞carriers, premium和question。原文段落中，論及運(yùn)營(yíng)商們是否故意收取附加費(fèi)的問(wèn)題在[C]段出 現(xiàn)，該段中作者提到，這是一個(gè)值得研究的問(wèn)題，而且其情況到底如何也很引人關(guān)注，實(shí)際上就是在說(shuō)這 個(gè)問(wèn)題值得弄清楚。由此可見，題干是對(duì)原文的同義改寫，故答案為[C]。題干中的withhold和on purpose分 別對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的 holding back和intentionally。 49. [M]。題干意為，米切爾認(rèn)為運(yùn)營(yíng)商們?cè)诜峙渥贿@一問(wèn)題上亟須公開、透明。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞 Mitchell, need和transparency。原文段落中，提到Mitchell且論及分配座位透明度的內(nèi)容在[M]段出現(xiàn)，該段 第五句引用Mitchell的原話，指出這一問(wèn)題亟待公開、透明。由此可見，題干是對(duì)原文的同義改寫，故答案 為[M]。題干中的urgent need對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的sore need，carriers! seat assignment代指原文中的this。 50. [I]。題干意為，盡管霍比卡把主要責(zé)任歸咎于各大航空公司，他也提到，低成本的運(yùn)營(yíng)商們同樣使得座位 的獲得變得困難。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞Hobica, the main responsibilities，the major airlines和the low-cost carriers。原文段落中，提及Hobica和低成本的運(yùn)營(yíng)商使獲得座位變得困難的內(nèi)容在[I]段出現(xiàn)，該段第一句 話提到，霍比卡認(rèn)為各大航空公司是造成這種狀況的罪魁禍?zhǔn)?，低成本的運(yùn)營(yíng)商也起到了推波助瀾的作 用。由此可見，題干是對(duì)原文的同義改寫，故答案為[I]。題干中的ascribes...to...和main responsibilities分別 對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的cites…as…和prime culprits。 51. [M]題干意為，一些人認(rèn)為，為了解決航空公司保留座位的問(wèn)題，美國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸部應(yīng)該采取一些措施。注 意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞the U.S. Department of Transportation。文章段落中，論及美國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸部的內(nèi)容在 [M]段出現(xiàn)，該段第三、四句話提到，通常作者會(huì)就如何應(yīng)對(duì)航空公司的這類政策給出一些策略，但是在 這種情況下，可選擇的策略非常有限。這就是為什么一些人認(rèn)為美國(guó)交通運(yùn)輸部應(yīng)該對(duì)此類做法進(jìn)行調(diào)查 的原因。由此可見，人們認(rèn)為交通運(yùn)輸部應(yīng)該有所行動(dòng)，故答案為[M]。 52. [N]。題干意為，人們?cè)跒橘I機(jī)票制定預(yù)算的時(shí)候，應(yīng)該把行李的費(fèi)用和附加的選擇座位的費(fèi)用都考慮在 內(nèi)。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞budget, airfares, baggage fees和the added cost of seat selection。文章段落中，論 及制定機(jī)票預(yù)算的內(nèi)容在[N]段出現(xiàn)，該段第(1)點(diǎn)提到，預(yù)算票價(jià)的時(shí)候，確保自己不僅將行李費(fèi)用考 慮在內(nèi)，還要考慮為選擇座位而支付的額外費(fèi)用。由此可見，題干對(duì)原文進(jìn)行了同義改寫，故答案為[N]。 53. [F]。題干意為，凱文?米切爾認(rèn)為所謂的收益管理是不道德且具有誤導(dǎo)性的。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞 Kevin Mitchell, yield management, unethical和misleading。文章段落中，提到Kevin Mitchell和航空業(yè)收益管 理的內(nèi)容在[F]段出現(xiàn)，該段引用米切爾的原話中提到，對(duì)于收益管理，消費(fèi)者心里有數(shù)，他們知道航空公司經(jīng)常改變座位的價(jià)格。但是如果情況果真如此的話，航空公司的做法確實(shí)是不道德的 他們?cè)趪?yán)重地誤導(dǎo)人們。由此可見，題干是對(duì)原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[F]。 54. [K]。題干意為，達(dá)美航空公司發(fā)言人的話表明，經(jīng)濟(jì)艙優(yōu)等座在飛機(jī)起飛前24小時(shí)內(nèi)可獲得。注意題干中 的關(guān)鍵詞 the spokesman of Delta, the preferred economy-class tickets, available和the plane’s departure。文章段 落中，論及達(dá)美航空公司發(fā)言人的內(nèi)容在[K]段出現(xiàn)，該段第二句提到，優(yōu)等座主要是為獎(jiǎng)?wù)鲁蓡T預(yù)留的， 在飛機(jī)起飛前24小時(shí)內(nèi)無(wú)需支付額外費(fèi)用就可獲得。由此可見，題干是對(duì)原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為[K]。 55. [N]題干意為，應(yīng)對(duì)航空公司這類行為的最后策略是和其他乘客商量調(diào)換座位。注意題干中的關(guān)鍵詞the last strategy, exchange seats和negotiating。文章段落中，論及與其他乘客商量調(diào)換座位的內(nèi)容在[N]段出現(xiàn)， 該段第(4)點(diǎn)提到，最后一個(gè)應(yīng)對(duì)策略，即霍比卡所說(shuō)的“討價(jià)還價(jià)”，是和其他乘客商量一下調(diào)換座位。由此可見，題干是對(duì)原文的同義改寫，故答案為 [N]。題干中的the last strategy和exchange seats with other passengers by negotiating with them 分另']對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的 the last resort 和 negotiating seat swaps with other passengers。
Part Ⅳ Translation 參考答案 China-EU economic and trade cooperation has yielded heartening fruits. The EU has now become an important economic and trade partner of China, working as the largest technology supplier, the third largest trading partner and the fifth largest actual investor in China. Bilateral trade reached 76.6 billion dollars in 2001, achieving an 11% increase compared to the previous year. In particular, China’s imports from the EU grew by 15.8%. I highly appreciate the efforts by the Europe-China Business Association and the Belgium-Chinese Economic and Commercial Council for developing China-EU ties. China-EU trade and economic cooperation is endowed with a promising future. The two economies are strongly complimentary to each other and hence enjoy huge potential for cooperation in trade, investment, science and technology areas. 難點(diǎn)精析 1.中歐經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易合作取得了可喜的成果：EU=European Union，表示歐盟;“取得了”可譯為has got，但稍顯生硬，yield fruit意為“結(jié)果，取得成果”，用在此處更為恰當(dāng);“可喜的”可譯為heartening，還可譯為^ promising。 2.第三大貿(mào)易伙伴和第五大實(shí)際投資方：“”用thelargest來(lái)表示，“第幾大”則可譯為the+序數(shù)詞+largest，因此此處“第三大”譯為 thethirdlargest; “第五大”譯為the fi他largest?！百Q(mào)易伙伴”譯為tradingpartner; “實(shí)際投資方”譯為actual investor。 3. 766億美元：應(yīng)譯為76.6 billion dollars。billion意為“10億”，而不是“1 億”。 4.增長(zhǎng)了15.8%:可譯為grew by 15.8%,還可譯為increased by 15.8%。increase的反義詞為decrease，二者用 法相同，后接具體的百分比時(shí)，要與介詞by連用。 5.發(fā)展中歐關(guān)系：“關(guān)系”還可譯為relationship，但tie表示的“關(guān)系”比relationship的情感色彩更強(qiáng)烈一些， ; 意為“緊密關(guān)系”，此處原文中雖沒有提及“緊密”，但很顯然是要發(fā)展中歐的緊密關(guān)系，故譯成tie更貼合文意。 6.具有很強(qiáng)的互補(bǔ)性：可譯為are strongly complimentary to each other, complimentary意為“互補(bǔ)的”。 7.具有很大的合作潛力：“具有”此處譯為enjoy顯得生動(dòng)，帶有較強(qiáng)的感情色彩。potential后應(yīng)與介詞for 搭配。