SECTION II Use of English(15 minutes)
26、 根據(jù)下列材料，請(qǐng)回答26-45題：
I don't know what it is about English pubs that I find so disappointing． 26 , pubs are supposed to be the Englishman' s 27 meeting place, where he can get together with a few friends 28 a glass of beer and talk about football, or horse racing, or business or whatever else 29 his thoughts．You notice that the pub is the Englishman' s meeting place, not the English-woman's．Even in our liberated times it is still not quite 30 for a woman to go into a pub alone; she must have a man to 31 and protect her．Perhaps that' s partly 32 pubs disappoint me--they are 33 mainly to provide for male interests, which are often pretty 34 ． I think this male-dominated atmosphere 35 reminds me of being back at school, or in the army, neither of which is an 36 I much want to relive.
However, I' m 37 in the minority．Most Englishmen have their local, where they can escape from the 38 of family life or work, and if they are 39 , tell their troubles to a pretty barmaid. 40 , many men dream of retiring from their nine-to-five jobs and 41 a little country pub, where they imagine they' ll be the 42 of a seven-nights-a-week party．This 43 usually dies when they think of having to clean up spilled beer at one o' clock in the morning.
Still, there' s a pub for every type of man, and a man for every type of pub．And I must 44 that, for someone who doesn' t like them, I' ve 45 a lot of time in pubs of various kinds.
26、 A．After all B．In addition C．As a result D．For example
27、 A．favorite B．proper C．formal D．exclusive
28、 A．by B．over C．upon D．to
29、 A．forms B．influences C．occupies D．troubles
30、 A．lawful B．meaningful C．impressive D．respectable
31、 A．a(chǎn)ccompany B．comfort C．encourage D．support
32、 A．how B．when C．where D．why
33、 A．forced B．enabled C．intended D．claimed
34、 A．narrow B．noble C．practical D．personal
35、 A．a(chǎn)lso B．hence C．yet D．only
36、 A．existence B．experience C．interest D．incident
37、 A．naturally B．normally C．obviously D．oddly
38、 A．needs B．objectives C．pressures D．requirements
39、 A．careful B．honest C．doubtful D．lucky
40、 A．Still B．Indeed C．Thus D．Nevertheless
41、 A．decorating B．buying C．designing D．visiting
42、 A．host B．member C．servant D．sponsor
43、 A．hobby B．project C．habit D．dream
44、 A．recognize B．remember C．believe D．a(chǎn)dmit
45、 A．found B．recovered C．spent D．saved SECTION III Reading Comprehension Part A(40 minutes)
根據(jù)下列材料，請(qǐng)回答46-60題： Text 1 Researchers at UCLA Medical Center in Los Angeles, California found that a 12-minute bed-side visit with a dog can help ease anxiety levels by 24 percent in heart failure patients, compared to a 10 percent drop when patients had a visit from a human volunteer, and no drop in patients who had no visit. Results of the 76-patient study were presented last week at the American Heart Association' s annual Scientific Sessions in Dallas, Texas. The study was funded by the Pet Care Trust Founda-tion, a non-profit organization which promotes human-animal interaction and bonding. In the stud-y, effects of dog and volunteer visits were compared with those of volunteers only, and with patients who had no visits and remained at rest. Heart pressures were monitored and patients were asked to answer a list of anxiety assessment questions before and after the visits. Although critical pressure measures also decreased, suggesting improved cardiac function, the most marked response was seen in anxiety levels. "The first thing you notice is that the patient' s facial expression ,changes to a smile and the stress of the world seems to be lifted off their shoulders," study author Kathy Cole said. Feelings of depression and helplessness are common among heart patients, Cole said, and just three nights in a hospital is enough to make some patients feel anxious and unsettled. During the visit, the furry friend is allowed to lie on the bed next to the patient with its head within two feet of the patient' s. Most patients petted the dog, while others engaged human volunteers in conversation about the dog. Dogs used in the study are specially trained animal-assisted therapy dogs that undergo a series of trainings, evaluations and certifications to qualify as therapy dogs. Dog breeds varied. Research-ers used everything from Bernese mountain dogs to small schnauzers. However, a dog doesn't have to be specially trained to have a calming effect on its human counterparts. In fact, the animal doesn' t even have to be a dog in order to help. "As long as the animal has meaning to the patient, or a relationship with the patient, it can help calm the patient," Cole said.
46、We learn from the text that heart patients benefit most from visits A．by a volunteer with a dog B．by a volunteer on his own C．by a well-trained dog alone D．by a non-profit organization
47、 The study shows that, for heart patients, A．their anxiety is reduced if they stay longer in hospital B．their contact with animals improves their condition C．their heart pressure decreases if they remain at rest D．their recovery relies on contact with animals
48、 According to Cole, the change of patients' facial expression indicates that A．they are happy with the experiment B．they are psychologically comforted C．their hospitalization may be shortened D．their heart function is returning to normal
49、 Cole believes that dogs are helpful to the patients if A．they are limited to certain breeds B．they are specially trained ones C．they have meaning to them D．they stay with them all day
50、 This report focuses on A．the healing power of animals B．the treatment of heart disease C．the relationship between dogs and humans D．the promotion of human-animal interaction 根據(jù)下列材料，請(qǐng)回答51-65題： Text 2 In many respects, Katsura Okiyama is a typical Japanese woman in her 20s. She enjoys spend-ing time with her friends and loves Disney. But, less typically, she is a writer. And, quite excep-tionally, her medium is a cell phone. In Japan, not only are people reading novels on their cell phones; they're also writing novels with them--uploading SMS-length chapters to specialist websites where they are in turn downloaded to the phones of millions of readers. The most popular are printed as books and sell in the hundreds of thousands. In book form, K, Okiyama' s first cell-phone novel, is 235 pages long. "I think I was writing 20 pages in two hours per day at the most, and it took me almost a month," she says. Although she was used to writing around 100 text messages daily, Okiyama never expected that thumbing her keypad would enable her to become one of the country' s hot new writers. "I had never written a story," she says. "I never had the idea of how a real novel should be, so that might be why I could do it. " "Cell-phone novels are created and consumed by a generation of young people in Japan that demands to be heard," says John Possman, an entertainment consultant. "It is truly pop culture. It has also become big business, shaking up a publishing industry whose sales have been declining for a decade. " Individual voices are hard to find, however. As dictated by the medium, the language of cell-phone novels is simple and peppered with emoticons--signs that represent various attitudes or emo-tions. Dialogue and description are scarce. Subject matter is always the same. Typically, a heroine loses her first love and then later struggles to find love again. "The stories are often told in the first person and lack diversity," agrees Possman. But that hasn't been a problem with consumers yet. "Why don't you write a novel and move me?" read one angry schoolgirl' s recent online post, in response to a fierce opponent of cell-phone novels. So far, Japan' s literary establishment hasn' t come up with an answer.
51、In Japan, cell-phone writers A．upload their stories bit by bit to websites B．pay to have their novels printed as books C．spend almost one month to finish a novel D．send SMS-length texts to readers'phones
52、 According to Katsura Okiyama, she is able to write because A．she has an insight into literature B．she has training in storytelling C．she is skilled in text messaging D．she is free from literary rules
53、 According to John Possman, the Japanese publishing industry A．is pushed forward by the pop culture B．is strengthened by cell-phone novels C．has been shrinking for many years D．has been creating a generation of young readers
54、 We learn from the text that cell-phone novels" A．feature moving dialogues B．have different writing styles C．lack variety in subject matter D．encourage readers to read others
55、 It can be inferred that Japan' s literary establishment can' t A．settle the dispute between the two sides B．compete with cell-phone novels C．a(chǎn)dapt to the new technologies D．change their writing styles 根據(jù)下列材料，請(qǐng)回答56-70題： Text 3 Too many people fear failure. Some of us let it keep us from trying new things, telling ourselves we' d be no good at it. Some limit our goals to only what we feel absolutely sure we can accomplish. Others among us try something once and when it doesn't work out, we decide that course is not for us.That' s unfortunate because, according to many top scientists, failure is nothing to fear. Not only is it inevitable, they say, it is even an indispensable ally. "In the research lab," says John Polanyi, the Nobel prize-winning chemist," failure is a good thing. If everything you try is very successful, it means you' re playing it safe; you' re not out on the edge. Failure means that you' re learning. To ask a scientist whether he has experienced failure is like asking an artist whether he has ever made a sketch. The answer is, ' a million times. ' That is the price of success. " Failure is not the opposite of success. It' s more like an ingredient. In Hollywood, thousands of ideas for new TV shows are pitched each year, but only a select few get to the screen, let alone survive their first season. In real life, misses outnumber hits whenever people try something new.Nina Spencer, a motivational speaker and author of Getting Passion out of Your Profession, likes to remind audiences that whenever we try a new skill, we go through four stages. "There' s the point when you don' t know about the skill, and because you don' t know about it, you' re no good at it. Eventually, you come to know about the skill, but you' re incompetent to perform it. Then, as long as you think carefully and go slowly, you can do it. Eventually, it becomes so practiced, it' s easy. " The secret is not to give up at stage two. In short, the seeds of success almost always flourish best in the well-turned soil of failure. As Charles Kettering, inventor of the modem electric ignition system for cars and the holder of nearly 200 patents, once said, "failures, repeated failures, are finger-posts on the road to achievements-- one fails forward towards success. "
56、According to John Polany, a seemingly all-time successful person may in fact A．be very adventurous B．be very competitive C．be very sensitive D．be very cautious
57、 The Hollywood example is used to show that to succeed you should A．a(chǎn)void mistakes B．live with failures C．a(chǎn)void competition D．live with new ideas
58、 When it comes to trying new things, people should know it is natural that A．success results from trial and error B．they might miss something important C．success requires safety guarantees D．they will hit more than they miss
59、 According to Nina Spencer, the key to acquiring a new skill lies in A．practice B．persistence C．competence D．performance
60、 The writer of the text wants to tell people not to A．be frightened by failure B．repeat the same failure C．underestimate failure D．be misled by failure SECTION III Reading Comprehension Part B(40 minutes)
根據(jù)下列材料，請(qǐng)回答61-65題： Charles Swecker: Thank you for getting it right in your articles on how to make a better student. As an educator, I' m sure I speak for others in saying parents who encourage learning at home ultimately have kids who perform at a higher level in class. School systems have been trying to get that message out for years. Imagine, excellent teachers working with students who have a drive and desire to learn. What a perfect world!
Sandy Simonson: The students you pictured have positive attitudes; they expect to work hard on their own. Con-sequently, the effort they put in produces positive results. But my sons are different. They see their parents read. They were read to at home. We' ve encouraged and praised the genuine efforts they' ve made. But the bottom line for my sons is that until something fires them up from within, they are content to do as little work as possible.
Bridget Boyle : Parents should do these things to make their child a better student: turn off the television. Fill every room with books. Play, read, travel, and then read some more with your kids. If reading be-comes the primary form of entertainment in the home, youngsters will turn to books. It was my pleasure to catch them reading on their own. Killing our television was the best thing we ever did.
Deborah Curtin: Your report provided a glimpse into the life of young geniuses, but nobody made these kids better students. Each one can obviously grasp any task. Each could have been left in a box with a book and would have ended up self-taught. You did, however, confirm my belief that most teachers are only capable of communicating information to ready-made A students. Of course, there are a few good teachers, but they cannot overcome the defective system we have.
Alan Holman: I don' t think that the success of students really depends on marks. I just finished writing my second average-length stage play, which is going to bc produced at my high school. And I' m also playing a part in Hamlet. Despite all these really great things, my marks in school are really bad. I pay more attention to my hobbies than to school, and it' s actually getting mc somewhere. So marks aren't everything.
Now match the name of each person (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements. Statements A．Grades cannot fully reflect the whole picture of a student. B．Try your best to make your children habitual readers. C．Tolerant parents are sure to shape successful children. D．Parents' encouragement helps to improve children' s performance at school. E．Schooling is very different from educating. F． Good students are actually not made but born. G．Students cannot become better at school unless theyare self-driven. 61、Charles Swecker 62、 Sandy Simonson 63、 Bridget Boyle 64、 Deborah Curtin 65、 Alan Holman SECTION IV Writing Part A(40 minutes) 66、You have read the following notice about a lost handbag. As you have lost your bag, you want to contact the Lost and Found office to know if the bag is yours.
Write an email to the Lost and Found office, telling about: 1) when and where you lost your bag; 2) what your bag is like and what is in it. You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your email. Use "Wang Lin" instead.
SECTION IV Writing Part B(40 minutes) 67、Below is a table showing the percentages of people in a big city going to work in different ways in 2007 and 2011. Look at the table closely and write an essay of about 120 words making reference to the following points: 1) the difference between the two years in the ways of people going to work; 2) the possible reasons for the difference. 參考答案及精析
第一部分聽(tīng)力理解 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．A 16．D 17．C 18．D 19．C 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B
【聽(tīng)力部分錄音材料】 Part A 1. M: Good evening. My name is Tom Smith, may I know your name? W: My name is Mary Class on. M: Mary, would you care to dance? W: I' d love to, but I have to be off with something important to do. 2. M: We' d better start to eat onions frequently, Linda. W: But you hate onions, don't you? M: Until I learned from a report from today' s paper that they protect people from flu and colds. After all, compared with health, taste is not so important. 3. W: When do you think that I can go home, Doctor Smith? M: Well, you came in on Monday and today is Friday. I say that you could probably leave tomorrow. But you should stay at home and not go back to work too soon. 4. M: Laura, I ran into David today. W: Really? Did he say anything about his sister? M: Yes. She should be leaving London very soon because her husband has taken a job in Paris. 5. M : Do you have a driver' s license? W: No. I am going to take the test in a couple of weeks. M: Didn't you drive in your own country? W: Yes. But I have to be more skilled. M: And you have to study the traffic rules too. 6. M: Let' s back up. Where was I? W: You were talking about your trip to South Africa.I bet you had a great time. M: Yes, we did. In fact, you know what we en-countered. W: A long-last friend? M: Come on ! A lion. 7. W: When do you usually go to the bank, John? M: Anytime I have to. Why did you ask? W: You' d better avoid Friday mornings. I' m reading an interesting book these days. And it says most robberies happen on Friday mornings. 8. W : What do you think of your father? M: Oh, he was the first stable male figure in my life. The best attribute a parent can have is con-sistency. When he said he would be there at 3 o'clock, he was there. That meant more to me than anything. 9. M: How do you like your new room, Jane? W: It' s not big; the rent is high. And I' m far away from work. But I enjoy myself very much. M : Why? W : I am able to get rid of that annoying roommate at last. 10. M: Our flight will be delayed by 6 hours. That means it won' t be leaving until 3:30 in the afternoon. W: What shall we do in the meantime? M: Let' s find some seats in the quiet part of the terminal to take a nap. W: Good idea. I am pretty tired.
Part B Questions 11 ~ 13 W: Wow, look at the line. It' s worse than I expected. We are lucky we got here an hour earlier. Or else we will definitely have had problems getting tickets. I'm glad we made the effort to come early. M: Me too. I learned my lesson the last time I went to a new film. I didn' t arrive early enough and ended up with a terrible seat all the way in the front row. Believe me, it was one of the worst movie experiences ever. W: Yeah. I hate sitting in the first row. M: By the way, it was really nice of you to get this ticket for me. Why don' t I show you a bit of appreciation by getting you a drink? W: That would be great. M: OK. What kind of soda do you want? W : Let me see. I' ll take a large coke. Thanks a lot. M: I' d better get going. You hold my place and I' ll be back really quick. Oh, I almost forget. I' d better hold on to my ticket in case you get let in before I get back. If that happens, just save me a seat and I'll meet you inside. W: OK. It' s a plan.
Questions 14 ~ 17 W: You two are quite different. How did your company put you two together as a team? M: At first, they wanted to hear our harmony. We sang to them and they really liked to. So they decided that it would be best to put us together as a group. W: What are some of the distinctive features of your music? M: We have a variety of different songs; we have four different styles: soft rock, slow music, love songs and country music. But we are most at home with soft rock. I really like our voices merged together and I like how it sounds. Actually, there is a song called Studying. Our company really likes the song because it represents our voice. W: What would you like to bring to the audience through your music? M : I' d like to recommend our first song to everyone. The name of the song is Believe. The main idea we want to share is that we want to tell everyone you have to believe in yourself before people can believe in you. Actually we want to bring our music to everyone and make everyone happy. Music is something all around you. You can listen to music and you can feel what the music says.
Questions 18 ～ 21 W: I don' t think Poppas is right for this position. M: I agree. He' s got experience as a computer operator but he has very little training in programming. What about Anderson? W: I like him. He seems very enthusiastic and he knows a lot about programming. M: That' s true. Do you think he is dependable enough, though? He' s already had two different jobs this year. He might work for a couple of months and then decide to leave. W: I suppose so. But his last supervisor wrote a three-page letter of recommendation. He says Anderson is an excellent programmer. M: He probably is. But we don' t want him to leave after we' ve spent a lot of time training him. Actually, I think Logan is the best candidate. W: She hash' t worked since she got married, hash' t she ? M: She' s been taking care of her family. But she is really devoted. W: Oh, yes. The letter from her principal says she did a wonderful job. Do you think she' ll be a good programmer? M: I bet she will. She has an excellent letter of recommendation from her teacher at the institute she attended. W: That' s true. M: And Logan seems more professional. She was well-dressed and seemed to have a very positive attitude about working for us.
Questions 22 ～ 25 M: Well, what do you think is the reason most people do so badly at reaching goals? W: They lose focus. Everybody' s life is busy. There is so much happening in everybody' s life. That what happens is they might have a goal and then something will get in the way of that. Maybe their goal is that they want to go on a holiday every year and they put in their leave form with their boss and their boss may ask them to wait for another month and then for another month. That is, so different things get in their way and people don' t stand up for their goals. They don' t struggle for them. They let other forces push them around a little bit. Also, a lot of people don' t set goals ; they think they do. But it' s either a dream of very loose goal. So when they have to make a decision about a necessary action in their life the goal is so far back in their mind that they don' t act in its best interest. Also because people will sit down and say "oh, here are my goals" and forget all about them. Revisiting them every week is a good way. They stay at the top of your mind so you can take actions based on them. 第二部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用
第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空 參考譯文 我不知道為什么英國(guó)的酒吧讓我感到失望，畢竟酒吧是英國(guó)男性最喜歡的聚會(huì)場(chǎng)所，在那里，他們可以和朋友聚會(huì)，一起喝啤酒、討論足球或者賽馬，抑或談生意或者任何他們腦子里想的事情。請(qǐng)注意酒吧是英國(guó)男性喜歡的聚會(huì)場(chǎng)所而不是英國(guó)女性。即使在今天這個(gè)自由的時(shí)代，女性單獨(dú)去酒吧也不是一件值得人尊重的行為，必須有個(gè)男性陪同并且保護(hù)她才好?；蛟S這也是酒吧讓我覺(jué)得失望的部分原因：它們主要是為男性的喜好而設(shè)的。這一點(diǎn)相當(dāng)狹隘。我認(rèn)為這種男性主導(dǎo)的氛圍只會(huì)讓我想起以前在學(xué)校的經(jīng)歷，或者是部隊(duì)里的經(jīng)歷。這兩個(gè)都是我不想再次體驗(yàn)的。 但是我肯定屬于少數(shù)派。大多數(shù)英國(guó)人居住的附近都有酒吧，他們可以在那里擺脫來(lái)自家庭生活或者工作的壓力，如果幸運(yùn)的話，還可以向酒吧里漂亮的服務(wù)員傾訴煩心事。其實(shí)很多人男士都?jí)粝朕o去朝九晚五的工作，盤下一間小的鄉(xiāng)村酒吧，他們?cè)O(shè)想自己可以在那兒一個(gè)星期連續(xù)開(kāi)七天的派對(duì)。當(dāng)他們想到凌晨一點(diǎn)要清理酒吧里到處潑灑的啤酒時(shí)，這種夢(mèng)想就破滅了。 不過(guò)，每個(gè)男人都能找到自己喜歡的酒吧，每個(gè)酒吧也都有自己的客戶群。而且我必須承認(rèn)，對(duì)于一個(gè)不怎么喜歡酒吧的人來(lái)說(shuō)，我也去過(guò)不少各種各樣的酒吧。
26．A【精析】本題考查短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。after all畢竟，說(shuō)到底；in addition加之，另外；as a result結(jié)果；for example例如。此句是說(shuō)，無(wú)論如何，酒吧都是應(yīng)該男性喜歡去的地方，但是不知怎么回事，我卻很失望。根據(jù)前后句的語(yǔ)氣，A符合題意。 27．A【精析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。favorite最喜歡的；proper恰當(dāng)?shù)?；formal正式的；exclusive獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。根據(jù)文意，酒吧應(yīng)該是男性最喜歡去的地方，故選A。 28．B【精析】本題考查介詞詞義辨析。此旬意思為男性可以邊喝啤酒邊喝朋友聊天，over可以表示“邊…邊…”。例如：Why don’t we talk a-bout it over a cup of coffee．我們邊喝咖啡邊聊天吧。所以選B。 29．C【精析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。form形成；influence影響；occupy占據(jù)；trouble惹麻煩。根據(jù)句子意思，男性在酒吧里可以談?wù)撟闱?，賽馬或者任何想到的事情，故選C。 30．D【精析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。lawful合法的；meaningful有意義的；impressive印象深刻的；respectable值得尊敬的。根據(jù)原文意思，D選項(xiàng)最符合題意。 31．A 【精析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。accompany陪同；comfort安慰；encourage鼓勵(lì)；support支持。此處是說(shuō)女性單獨(dú)去酒吧不太體面，需要有人陪同，故選A。 32．D【精析】本題考查上下文語(yǔ)義的銜接。此處是說(shuō)女性得有男性陪同時(shí)去酒吧才比較合適，因此作者不怎么喜歡酒吧。根據(jù)前后句的語(yǔ)氣關(guān)系，D選項(xiàng)最符合題意。 33．C【精析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。force強(qiáng)迫；enable使…有能力；intend計(jì)劃，目的；claim聲稱；be intended to表示以…為目的，故選擇C。 34．A【精析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。此處是說(shuō)，酒吧主要是為男性而設(shè)計(jì)的，沒(méi)有考慮女性，因此目的比較狹隘。narrow狹隘的；noble高貴的；practical實(shí)用的；personal個(gè)人的。故選A。 35．D【精析】本題考查副詞詞義辨析。also也；hence因此；yet還；only只。此處是說(shuō)，酒吧以男性為服務(wù)對(duì)象，對(duì)女性不公平；不好的結(jié)果就是讓我想起以前的各種經(jīng)歷，故選擇D。 36．B【精析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。existence存在；experience經(jīng)歷；interest興趣；incident事件。在學(xué)?；蛘哕婈?duì)，是一種經(jīng)歷，故選擇B。 37．C【精析】本題考查上下文語(yǔ)義的銜接。naturally自然而然地；normally正常地；obviously顯而易見(jiàn)地；oddly奇怪地。此處是說(shuō)我覺(jué)得酒吧令人失望，但是每個(gè)英國(guó)人家附近都會(huì)有一家酒吧，而且大家都愛(ài)酒吧，所以大部分人都覺(jué)得酒吧很好。對(duì)比之下，我明顯屬于少數(shù)覺(jué)得酒吧不令人滿意的人，故選C。 38．C【精析】本題考查上下文意義推理和詞義辨析。男性到酒吧里應(yīng)該是逃避工作和家庭帶來(lái)的壓力。need需求；objective目標(biāo)；pressure壓力；requirement要求，故選C。 39．D【精析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。這里是說(shuō)男性到酒吧里逃避壓力帶來(lái)的煩惱，有時(shí)候可以和漂亮的女服務(wù)聊天，屬于比較幸運(yùn)的事情。所以比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，只有D選項(xiàng)合適，故選D。 40．B【精析】本題考查連詞詞義辨析。still仍然；indeed事實(shí)上；thus因此；nevertheless然而。根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)氣indeed最符合原文意思，故選擇B。 41．B【精析】本題考查前后語(yǔ)義連貫。此處是說(shuō)很多男性夢(mèng)想辭掉無(wú)聊的工作，自己開(kāi)酒吧，成為派對(duì)的主人。decorate表示裝修；buy表示購(gòu)買；design表示設(shè)計(jì)；visit表示拜訪，故選B。 42．A 【精析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。host主人；member成員；servant仆人；sponsor贊助者。根據(jù)題意，應(yīng)該是應(yīng)該男性夢(mèng)想成為派對(duì)的主人，故選A。 43．D【精析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。辭掉工作自己開(kāi)酒吧，一個(gè)星期舉辦七次派對(duì)活動(dòng)，對(duì)于大部分男性來(lái)說(shuō)，不是一件切合實(shí)際的事情，只能是一種夢(mèng)想。hobby嗜好；project項(xiàng)目；habit習(xí)慣；dream夢(mèng)想，故選D。 44．D【精析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。recognize辨認(rèn)出；remember記得；believe相信；admit承認(rèn)。根據(jù)上下文推理，作者應(yīng)該是承認(rèn)盡管自己不喜歡酒吧，但是去的次數(shù)也很多，故選D。 45．C【精析】本題考查動(dòng)詞的固定搭配。spend time in／on表示把時(shí)間花在(做)某事上面，故選C。 第三部分閱讀理解
Part A Text 1 參考譯文 加州大學(xué)洛杉礬分校醫(yī)療中心的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，帶著狗拜訪心臟病患者12分鐘可以降低病人24％的焦慮感，相比之下，人單獨(dú)來(lái)看望病人可以降低病人10％的焦慮感，沒(méi)有探訪者的病人的焦慮感不會(huì)降低。 對(duì)76名病人進(jìn)行的研究結(jié)果在上周德克薩斯州達(dá)拉斯市舉辦的美國(guó)心臟協(xié)會(huì)年度會(huì)議上展示出來(lái)。這項(xiàng)研究由寵物信托基金會(huì)贊助，此基金會(huì)為非營(yíng)利性組織，其宗旨是促進(jìn)人類與動(dòng)物的互動(dòng)，加強(qiáng)兩者之間的聯(lián)系。此研究將帶著狗一起去看望病人的效果與僅有人去探病的效果以及沒(méi)有探訪者自己休息的病人康復(fù)結(jié)果相對(duì)比。監(jiān)控病人的心理壓力并且在探訪者來(lái)之前和離開(kāi)之后詢問(wèn)病人一些問(wèn)題，評(píng)估病人的焦慮感程度。盡管臨界的壓力值也有所降低，表明心臟功能有所改善，但是最突出的反應(yīng)是焦慮水平的變化。 “最先注意到的是病人的表情變成了笑臉，他們的壓力似乎都得以釋放?！毖芯咳藛TKathy Cole說(shuō)道，“心臟病患者很容易出現(xiàn)沮喪和絕望感，只要在醫(yī)院住三個(gè)晚上就足以讓病人感到焦慮不安。在拜訪當(dāng)中，這些毛茸茸的朋友可以躺在病人旁邊，頭離病人的頭只有兩英尺遠(yuǎn)。大部分的病人會(huì)拍拍寵物狗的頭，有些病人會(huì)和探訪者一起談?wù)搶櫸锕?。? 研究中用的狗是經(jīng)過(guò)特殊訓(xùn)練的協(xié)助治療的狗，它們都經(jīng)過(guò)一系列的訓(xùn)練、評(píng)估和認(rèn)證以認(rèn)定它們具備成為輔助治療狗的資格。狗的種類各不相同。研究人員使用了各種各樣的狗，包括伯爾尼山地狗和小髯狗。但是，狗不需要經(jīng)過(guò)特殊訓(xùn)練也可以給人類帶來(lái)平靜。事實(shí)上，狗以外的其他動(dòng)物也可以對(duì)病人有幫助作用。“只要那個(gè)動(dòng)物對(duì)病人有意義，或者和病人有一定的關(guān)系，都可以讓病人心安?！盋ole這樣說(shuō)。 46．A【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“從文中可以得知，心臟病患者從以下哪個(gè)當(dāng)中獲益?”從第一段中“…with a dog…anxiety levels by 24 percent in a heart…”可以得知，帶著狗一起看病人，會(huì)使病人的焦慮感降低24％。因此帶著寵物看病人對(duì)患者最有好處，故選A。 47．B【精析】推理題。題干意為“研究表明，對(duì)于心臟病患者來(lái)說(shuō) ?！睆牡谝欢蝺?nèi)容“… with a dog...anxiety levels by 24 percent in a heart…”來(lái)看帶著狗一起看病人，會(huì)使病人的焦慮感降低24％。因此和動(dòng)物的接觸對(duì)心臟病人有好處，故選B。 48．B【精析】推理題。題干意為“根據(jù)Cole的說(shuō)法，病人表情的變化說(shuō)明哪一點(diǎn)?”前兩段詳細(xì)陳述了帶著狗去看病人的好處，第三段第一句就提到病人表情的變化，可以推斷，在與動(dòng)物接觸之后，病人的心理壓力變小，故選B。 49．C【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“Cole認(rèn)為狗對(duì)于病人有幫助，其條件是 。”從文章最后一句“As long as a dog has meaning to the patient…calm the patient．”可以得知，任何動(dòng)物只要對(duì)于病人有意義，都有助于其病情的恢復(fù)，狗當(dāng)然也不例外，故選C。 50．A【精析】概述題。題干意為“本文主要闡述了 ?”整篇文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果，即帶著動(dòng)物看病人對(duì)于患者有很大好處，故選A。
Text 2 參考譯文 從很多角度來(lái)看，Katsura Okiyama是一個(gè)典型的20多歲的日本女性。她喜歡和朋友一起而且喜歡迪士尼樂(lè)園。但是，與眾不同的地方是，她是一名作家。而且更特別的是，她的寫(xiě)作工具是手機(jī)。 在日本，人們不僅僅用手機(jī)看小說(shuō)，而且也用手機(jī)寫(xiě)小說(shuō)——上傳短信長(zhǎng)度的章節(jié)到專門的網(wǎng)站上，然后又被數(shù)百萬(wàn)手機(jī)用戶下載到手機(jī)上。最流行的會(huì)出版成書(shū)，銷量可達(dá)幾十萬(wàn)冊(cè)。Katsura Okiyama第一部以書(shū)的形式出版的手機(jī)小說(shuō)長(zhǎng)達(dá)235頁(yè)?！拔矣X(jué)得我每天在兩個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)最多寫(xiě)大概20頁(yè)，我?guī)缀跤昧艘粋€(gè)月時(shí)間寫(xiě)這本書(shū)?！彼f(shuō)道。 盡管她以前習(xí)慣于每天寫(xiě)大概100條短信，但她從未想過(guò)用拇指打字讓她有機(jī)會(huì)成為作家?！拔覐奈磳?xiě)過(guò)小說(shuō)，”她說(shuō)，“我從未想過(guò)真正的小說(shuō)應(yīng)該是什么樣的，可能這也是我成功的原因吧。” “手機(jī)小說(shuō)在日本被那些渴望被傾聽(tīng)的年輕一代日本人創(chuàng)造并消費(fèi)。”娛樂(lè)顧問(wèn)John Possman這樣說(shuō)，“它是真正的流行文化，已經(jīng)成為了一項(xiàng)大產(chǎn)業(yè)，使得銷量已經(jīng)連續(xù)十年下降的出版行業(yè)不得不作出調(diào)整?！?但是，個(gè)體的聲音很難被聽(tīng)到。媒體認(rèn)為手機(jī)小說(shuō)的語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)單并且充滿了表情圖像——代表不同的態(tài)度和情感的符號(hào)。對(duì)話和描述過(guò)于稀少，小說(shuō)的主題總是愛(ài)情。典型的情節(jié)就是女主角失去初戀，后來(lái)努力地重新獲得一份愛(ài)情。 “這些故事通常用第一人稱描述并且缺乏多樣性?！盤ossman這樣認(rèn)為。但是這一點(diǎn)對(duì)于讀者來(lái)說(shuō)并不是一個(gè)問(wèn)題?！澳銥槭裁床粚?xiě)本感動(dòng)我的小說(shuō)呢?” 一名憤怒的女學(xué)生在網(wǎng)上貼出這樣的信息，這是她對(duì)激烈反對(duì)手機(jī)小說(shuō)的人的一個(gè)回應(yīng)。目前為止，日本的文學(xué)界還沒(méi)有給出答案。 51．A【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“在日本，手機(jī)小說(shuō)作家 ?”文章第二段“…uploading SMS-length chapters to specialist…”介紹了日本讀者通過(guò)短信的形式把手機(jī)小說(shuō)上傳到專門的網(wǎng)站上，然后被網(wǎng)友下載，因此是一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的把故事上傳到網(wǎng)上。故選A。 52．D【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“Katsura Okiyama認(rèn)為她能夠?qū)懶≌f(shuō)主要是因?yàn)??”根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句話“I never had the idea of how a real novel should be，so that might be why I could do it．”可知，她認(rèn)為自己成功的出版小說(shuō)的原因，恰恰是她自己從未想過(guò)真正小說(shuō)的樣子，即她沒(méi)有受到傳統(tǒng)文學(xué)的影響。故選D。 53．C【精析】推斷題。題干意為“根據(jù)John Possman可知，日本出版社 ?”由文章第四段 “…shaking up a publishing industry whose sales have been declining for a decade．”可知出版業(yè)的銷量在不斷地減少，故選c。 54．C【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“根據(jù)文章可知手機(jī)小說(shuō) ?！睆奈恼伦詈笠欢蔚牡谝痪淇芍?，手機(jī)小說(shuō)通常用第一人稱描述并缺乏多樣性，故選C。 55．A【精析】推理題。題干意為“從文中可推斷日本的文學(xué)界不能 。”文章最后一段中，有女學(xué)生在網(wǎng)上提出來(lái)“why don’t you write a novel and move me?”你為什么不寫(xiě)本感動(dòng)我的小說(shuō)?文學(xué)界沒(méi)有給出回應(yīng)，沒(méi)有解決他們與手機(jī)小說(shuō)讀者直接的爭(zhēng)端，故選A。
Text 3 參考譯文 太多人害怕失敗。我們很多人都因?yàn)榕率《桓覈L試新事物，總是告訴自己我們不擅長(zhǎng)這些新事物。有些人把自己的目標(biāo)僅僅局限在自己擅長(zhǎng)做的事情上。還有一些人嘗試一下新事物，如果失敗的話，就認(rèn)定自己不適合這條路。 這真是一種不幸。從很多優(yōu)秀科學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)看，失敗沒(méi)有什么可怕的。他們認(rèn)為失敗不僅僅是不可避免的而且是一個(gè)不可或缺的盟友。諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者John Polanyi說(shuō)：“在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里失敗是一件好事。如果你實(shí)驗(yàn)的每個(gè)東西都是成功的，那就說(shuō)明你在打安全牌；你沒(méi)有去冒險(xiǎn)。失敗說(shuō)明你在學(xué)習(xí)。問(wèn)一個(gè)科學(xué)家有沒(méi)有失敗過(guò)就像是問(wèn)藝術(shù)家有沒(méi)有畫(huà)草圖一樣。答案是‘無(wú)數(shù)次’，這就是成功的代價(jià)?！?失敗不是成功的反面而更像是成功的組成部分。在好萊塢每年都會(huì)有數(shù)千個(gè)新的電視節(jié)目的創(chuàng)意被推出，但是只有秀的一部分才有機(jī)會(huì)被搬上熒屏，更不用說(shuō)在第一季中成功的生存下來(lái)了。在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，在嘗試新事物時(shí)失敗的次數(shù)要高于成功的次數(shù)。 Nina Spencer是一名勵(lì)志演講家和Geaing Passion out of Your Profession的作者。她喜歡提醒聽(tīng)眾，每當(dāng)我們嘗試新技能的時(shí)候，都會(huì)經(jīng)歷四個(gè)階段?！伴_(kāi)始是你不了解這個(gè)技能；因?yàn)椴涣私?，所以不擅長(zhǎng)。最后你會(huì)了解這個(gè)技能，但是沒(méi)有能力去做。接下來(lái)，只要你認(rèn)真思考，你就可以運(yùn)用這個(gè)技能。最后，由于實(shí)踐次數(shù)很多，做起來(lái)也變得容易了?！痹E竅就在于：在第二階段時(shí)不要放棄。 總而言之，成功的種子總是在失敗的土壤中茁壯成長(zhǎng)。正如現(xiàn)代汽車電子點(diǎn)火系統(tǒng)的發(fā)明者和200項(xiàng)專利持有者Charles Kettering曾經(jīng)所說(shuō)的：“失敗，反復(fù)的失敗，是成功路上的指示牌——每一次失敗都是向成功的一次靠近?！? 56．D【精析】推理題。題干意為“根據(jù)John Polanyi可知，一個(gè)看起來(lái)一直成功的人實(shí)際上可能 ?！备鶕?jù)文章第二段“If everything you try is very successful，it means that you are playing it safe”來(lái)看，John Polanyi認(rèn)為在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里如果從沒(méi)有失敗過(guò)，說(shuō)明我們打的是安全牌，沒(méi)有去冒險(xiǎn)。因此一個(gè)看起來(lái)似乎很成功的人，其實(shí)是一個(gè)不敢于冒險(xiǎn)的人，也就是一個(gè)太謹(jǐn)慎小心的人，故選D。 57．B【精析】推理題。題干意為“好萊塢的例子說(shuō)明要成功，你應(yīng)該 ?！贝颂幰院萌R塢為例，每年在好萊塢都會(huì)有幾千個(gè)節(jié)目創(chuàng)意，但是只有一小部分能夠被搬上熒屏。這說(shuō)明大部分的創(chuàng)意都會(huì)失敗，因此想取得成功，失敗是必不可少的，故選B。 58．A【精析】推理題。題干意為“當(dāng)開(kāi)始嘗試新事物的時(shí)候，人們應(yīng)該意識(shí)到 是自然的。”從文章內(nèi)容來(lái)看，失敗是不可避免的經(jīng)歷，同時(shí)也是成功的盟友，在嘗試新事物的時(shí)候要反復(fù)試驗(yàn)，堅(jiān)持不懈，故選A。 59．B【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“根據(jù)Nina Spencer所說(shuō)可知：獲得新技能的關(guān)鍵在于 ?！卑凑誑ina的觀點(diǎn)，嘗試新事物的時(shí)候要分四個(gè)階段，“the secret is not to give up at stage two．”最重要的秘訣就是在第二階段的時(shí)候不能放棄，故選B。 60．A【精析】概述題。題干意為“本文作者想告訴人們不要 ?！睆奈恼聝?nèi)容來(lái)看，作者不斷通過(guò)各種例子和名人的告誡提醒讀者，失敗并不可怕，失敗在成功的道理上是不可避免的，我們不能懼怕失敗，逃避失敗。故選A。
Part B 參考譯文 Charles Swecker： 感謝你在文章當(dāng)中提到了正確的培養(yǎng)更好的學(xué)生的方法。作為一名教育工作者，我肯定可以代表其他人這樣說(shuō)：在家被父母鼓勵(lì)學(xué)習(xí)的孩子在班里的表現(xiàn)會(huì)更好。學(xué)校一直都在努力讓大家明白這一點(diǎn)。想象一下，優(yōu)秀的老師加上有學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)力和學(xué)習(xí)渴望的學(xué)生。這是一個(gè)多完美的世界! Sandy Simonson： 你所描述的學(xué)生有積極的態(tài)度；他們?cè)敢饪孔约号W(xué)習(xí)。因此他們付出的努力會(huì)有良好的成效。但是我的兒子卻難以做到這點(diǎn)。他們看父母讀書(shū)，聽(tīng)父母讀書(shū)。我們鼓勵(lì)并且贊揚(yáng)他們付出的真實(shí)努力。但是最關(guān)鍵的是，我兒子會(huì)滿足于盡可能地少去努力，直到有什么引發(fā)了他們的熱情，帶給他們動(dòng)力。 Bridget Boyle： 父母應(yīng)該這樣做，以便讓孩子成為更好的學(xué)生：關(guān)掉電視；在房間里擺滿書(shū)。玩耍，閱讀，旅行然后再和孩子一起多讀書(shū)。如果閱讀成為他們?cè)诩易钪饕膴蕵?lè)方式，孩子們會(huì)愛(ài)上書(shū)?？吹剿麄冏约涸诳磿?shū)，我感到開(kāi)心。關(guān)掉電視是我們做過(guò)的一件事。 Deborah Curtin： 你的報(bào)告讓我們對(duì)小天才們的生活有所了解，但是沒(méi)有人把這些孩子變成優(yōu)秀學(xué)生。很明顯，他們?nèi)魏我粋€(gè)人都可以完成任何任務(wù)；每一個(gè)人都可以單獨(dú)和一箱子書(shū)呆在一起然后自學(xué)。不過(guò)，你確實(shí)讓我更加相信我的理念：大部分的老師只能向天生的尖子生傳達(dá)信息。當(dāng)然了，也有一些優(yōu)秀的老師，不過(guò)他們也無(wú)法克服我們體制的缺陷。 Alan Holman： 我不認(rèn)為學(xué)生的成功取決于分?jǐn)?shù)。我剛剛完成我第二部長(zhǎng)度適中的舞臺(tái)劇劇本，并且將會(huì)在我的高中演出。我也在《哈姆雷特》當(dāng)中扮演一個(gè)角色。除了這些很棒的成績(jī)，我的考試分?jǐn)?shù)真的很差。我把更多的注意力放在興趣上而不是學(xué)校，通過(guò)這樣做，我其實(shí)已經(jīng)在取得一定的成功。所以，分?jǐn)?shù)不代表一切。 61．D【精析】主旨題。Charles Swecker認(rèn)為“…parents who encourage learning at home．．．have kids…a higher level in class．”可以得知，鼓勵(lì)孩子學(xué)習(xí)的家長(zhǎng)，會(huì)把孩子變成一個(gè)更好的學(xué)生，故選D。 62．G 【精析】主旨題。Sandy Simonson以自己的孩子為例“…until something fires them up from within…as little as possible．”說(shuō)明如果孩子沒(méi)有內(nèi)在學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)力和熱情，就會(huì)在學(xué)習(xí)方面偷懶，不愿意付出努力，故選G。 63．B【精析】主旨題。Bridget Boyle的建議是“turn off the television，fill every room with books把電視關(guān)掉，每個(gè)房間里都擺滿書(shū)”，經(jīng)常陪孩子一起讀書(shū)，因此他提倡讓孩子養(yǎng)成讀書(shū)的習(xí)慣，故選B。 64．F【精析】主旨題。Deborah Curtin認(rèn)為“…the life of young genius，but nobody made these kids better student”可知文章當(dāng)中的小天才們都很優(yōu)秀，但是他們不是被任何人培養(yǎng)出來(lái)的天才，而是天生就有學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)力，因此他們是天生的學(xué)習(xí)者，故選F。 65．A【精析】主旨題。Alan Holman認(rèn)為自己雖然考試分?jǐn)?shù)很差，但是自己會(huì)寫(xiě)劇本而且會(huì)演戲，因此分?jǐn)?shù)并沒(méi)有那么重要；而且“marks alan’t everything．”分?jǐn)?shù)并非代表一切，故選A。 第四部分寫(xiě)作
PartA 66．【高分范文】 Dear Sir, I saw your notice about the lost bag on your web-site. It so happened that I lost my bag at Spring Hill Park on 11 th, April. I was walking my dog in the park and ran into an old friend. We had a little chat in the central pavilion and I forgot to take my bag when we left. It was a medium-sized white female bag. Inside the bag there were a memo with my name on the front page, a dressing case, a pack of tissue and a copy of Readers' Digest. I am expecting your reply soon. Thank you.
Wang Lin
【寫(xiě)作點(diǎn)金】 此篇屬應(yīng)用文文體，是發(fā)給對(duì)方的一封電子郵件。首先應(yīng)該注意電子郵件的格式，電子郵件的格式和傳統(tǒng)書(shū)信類似，但是更簡(jiǎn)單，只需要有稱呼，正文和落款；其次要注意正文部分的寫(xiě)作層次：文章的開(kāi)頭就要說(shuō)明寫(xiě)信的目的；然后要說(shuō)明自己丟包的具體時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；再次應(yīng)該對(duì)自己丟的包進(jìn)行外觀描述并且詳細(xì)陳述包里所裝物品，失物招領(lǐng)處工作人員核對(duì)信息。最后要注意表明希望盡快得到回復(fù)并且表示感謝。 【高頻詞句】 It happened that… 碰巧 walk my d09 遛狗 rurl int0 偶遇 have a chat 聊天 dressing case 化妝盒 a pack of 一包 a copy of 一本
Part B 67．【高分范文】
Ways of Going to Work
This table shows the ways of people in a big city going to work between the year of 2007 and 2011. Ac-cording to the table, the number of people traveling in private cars and by subway increases from 2007 to 2011. In contrast, fewer people travel by bus or by bike in the year of 2011. The reason for the changes can be summed up as follows: Firstly, private cars are cheaper than before. The income of urban citizens has increased while private cars are becoming cheaper. More people can afford to buy their own cars. Secondly, more subway lines are in operation. It is convenient and cheap to travel by subway. Therefore, more people choose to go to work by subway than be-fore. Since more people drive their own cars or by sub- way, fewer people go to work by bus or by bike accordingly.
【寫(xiě)作點(diǎn)金】 這是一篇圖表描述作文。首先應(yīng)該敘述圖表描述的內(nèi)容，即主題；其次應(yīng)該對(duì)圖表當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行說(shuō)明和對(duì)比，找出數(shù)據(jù)的突出變化并且加以對(duì)比；最后應(yīng)該對(duì)圖表中所反映的數(shù)據(jù)變化的原因進(jìn)行分析、總結(jié)。 【高頻詞句】 according to 根據(jù) the number of 數(shù)量 in contrast 對(duì)比之下 afford to 負(fù)擔(dān)得起 in operation 運(yùn)行中 choose to 選擇做某事
26、 A．After all B．In addition C．As a result D．For example
27、 A．favorite B．proper C．formal D．exclusive
28、 A．by B．over C．upon D．to
29、 A．forms B．influences C．occupies D．troubles
30、 A．lawful B．meaningful C．impressive D．respectable
31、 A．a(chǎn)ccompany B．comfort C．encourage D．support
32、 A．how B．when C．where D．why
33、 A．forced B．enabled C．intended D．claimed
34、 A．narrow B．noble C．practical D．personal
35、 A．a(chǎn)lso B．hence C．yet D．only
36、 A．existence B．experience C．interest D．incident
37、 A．naturally B．normally C．obviously D．oddly
38、 A．needs B．objectives C．pressures D．requirements
39、 A．careful B．honest C．doubtful D．lucky
40、 A．Still B．Indeed C．Thus D．Nevertheless
41、 A．decorating B．buying C．designing D．visiting
42、 A．host B．member C．servant D．sponsor
43、 A．hobby B．project C．habit D．dream
44、 A．recognize B．remember C．believe D．a(chǎn)dmit
45、 A．found B．recovered C．spent D．saved SECTION III Reading Comprehension Part A(40 minutes)
根據(jù)下列材料，請(qǐng)回答46-60題： Text 1 Researchers at UCLA Medical Center in Los Angeles, California found that a 12-minute bed-side visit with a dog can help ease anxiety levels by 24 percent in heart failure patients, compared to a 10 percent drop when patients had a visit from a human volunteer, and no drop in patients who had no visit. Results of the 76-patient study were presented last week at the American Heart Association' s annual Scientific Sessions in Dallas, Texas. The study was funded by the Pet Care Trust Founda-tion, a non-profit organization which promotes human-animal interaction and bonding. In the stud-y, effects of dog and volunteer visits were compared with those of volunteers only, and with patients who had no visits and remained at rest. Heart pressures were monitored and patients were asked to answer a list of anxiety assessment questions before and after the visits. Although critical pressure measures also decreased, suggesting improved cardiac function, the most marked response was seen in anxiety levels. "The first thing you notice is that the patient' s facial expression ,changes to a smile and the stress of the world seems to be lifted off their shoulders," study author Kathy Cole said. Feelings of depression and helplessness are common among heart patients, Cole said, and just three nights in a hospital is enough to make some patients feel anxious and unsettled. During the visit, the furry friend is allowed to lie on the bed next to the patient with its head within two feet of the patient' s. Most patients petted the dog, while others engaged human volunteers in conversation about the dog. Dogs used in the study are specially trained animal-assisted therapy dogs that undergo a series of trainings, evaluations and certifications to qualify as therapy dogs. Dog breeds varied. Research-ers used everything from Bernese mountain dogs to small schnauzers. However, a dog doesn't have to be specially trained to have a calming effect on its human counterparts. In fact, the animal doesn' t even have to be a dog in order to help. "As long as the animal has meaning to the patient, or a relationship with the patient, it can help calm the patient," Cole said.
46、We learn from the text that heart patients benefit most from visits A．by a volunteer with a dog B．by a volunteer on his own C．by a well-trained dog alone D．by a non-profit organization
47、 The study shows that, for heart patients, A．their anxiety is reduced if they stay longer in hospital B．their contact with animals improves their condition C．their heart pressure decreases if they remain at rest D．their recovery relies on contact with animals
48、 According to Cole, the change of patients' facial expression indicates that A．they are happy with the experiment B．they are psychologically comforted C．their hospitalization may be shortened D．their heart function is returning to normal
49、 Cole believes that dogs are helpful to the patients if A．they are limited to certain breeds B．they are specially trained ones C．they have meaning to them D．they stay with them all day
50、 This report focuses on A．the healing power of animals B．the treatment of heart disease C．the relationship between dogs and humans D．the promotion of human-animal interaction 根據(jù)下列材料，請(qǐng)回答51-65題： Text 2 In many respects, Katsura Okiyama is a typical Japanese woman in her 20s. She enjoys spend-ing time with her friends and loves Disney. But, less typically, she is a writer. And, quite excep-tionally, her medium is a cell phone. In Japan, not only are people reading novels on their cell phones; they're also writing novels with them--uploading SMS-length chapters to specialist websites where they are in turn downloaded to the phones of millions of readers. The most popular are printed as books and sell in the hundreds of thousands. In book form, K, Okiyama' s first cell-phone novel, is 235 pages long. "I think I was writing 20 pages in two hours per day at the most, and it took me almost a month," she says. Although she was used to writing around 100 text messages daily, Okiyama never expected that thumbing her keypad would enable her to become one of the country' s hot new writers. "I had never written a story," she says. "I never had the idea of how a real novel should be, so that might be why I could do it. " "Cell-phone novels are created and consumed by a generation of young people in Japan that demands to be heard," says John Possman, an entertainment consultant. "It is truly pop culture. It has also become big business, shaking up a publishing industry whose sales have been declining for a decade. " Individual voices are hard to find, however. As dictated by the medium, the language of cell-phone novels is simple and peppered with emoticons--signs that represent various attitudes or emo-tions. Dialogue and description are scarce. Subject matter is always the same. Typically, a heroine loses her first love and then later struggles to find love again. "The stories are often told in the first person and lack diversity," agrees Possman. But that hasn't been a problem with consumers yet. "Why don't you write a novel and move me?" read one angry schoolgirl' s recent online post, in response to a fierce opponent of cell-phone novels. So far, Japan' s literary establishment hasn' t come up with an answer.
51、In Japan, cell-phone writers A．upload their stories bit by bit to websites B．pay to have their novels printed as books C．spend almost one month to finish a novel D．send SMS-length texts to readers'phones
52、 According to Katsura Okiyama, she is able to write because A．she has an insight into literature B．she has training in storytelling C．she is skilled in text messaging D．she is free from literary rules
53、 According to John Possman, the Japanese publishing industry A．is pushed forward by the pop culture B．is strengthened by cell-phone novels C．has been shrinking for many years D．has been creating a generation of young readers
54、 We learn from the text that cell-phone novels" A．feature moving dialogues B．have different writing styles C．lack variety in subject matter D．encourage readers to read others
55、 It can be inferred that Japan' s literary establishment can' t A．settle the dispute between the two sides B．compete with cell-phone novels C．a(chǎn)dapt to the new technologies D．change their writing styles 根據(jù)下列材料，請(qǐng)回答56-70題： Text 3 Too many people fear failure. Some of us let it keep us from trying new things, telling ourselves we' d be no good at it. Some limit our goals to only what we feel absolutely sure we can accomplish. Others among us try something once and when it doesn't work out, we decide that course is not for us.That' s unfortunate because, according to many top scientists, failure is nothing to fear. Not only is it inevitable, they say, it is even an indispensable ally. "In the research lab," says John Polanyi, the Nobel prize-winning chemist," failure is a good thing. If everything you try is very successful, it means you' re playing it safe; you' re not out on the edge. Failure means that you' re learning. To ask a scientist whether he has experienced failure is like asking an artist whether he has ever made a sketch. The answer is, ' a million times. ' That is the price of success. " Failure is not the opposite of success. It' s more like an ingredient. In Hollywood, thousands of ideas for new TV shows are pitched each year, but only a select few get to the screen, let alone survive their first season. In real life, misses outnumber hits whenever people try something new.Nina Spencer, a motivational speaker and author of Getting Passion out of Your Profession, likes to remind audiences that whenever we try a new skill, we go through four stages. "There' s the point when you don' t know about the skill, and because you don' t know about it, you' re no good at it. Eventually, you come to know about the skill, but you' re incompetent to perform it. Then, as long as you think carefully and go slowly, you can do it. Eventually, it becomes so practiced, it' s easy. " The secret is not to give up at stage two. In short, the seeds of success almost always flourish best in the well-turned soil of failure. As Charles Kettering, inventor of the modem electric ignition system for cars and the holder of nearly 200 patents, once said, "failures, repeated failures, are finger-posts on the road to achievements-- one fails forward towards success. "
56、According to John Polany, a seemingly all-time successful person may in fact A．be very adventurous B．be very competitive C．be very sensitive D．be very cautious
57、 The Hollywood example is used to show that to succeed you should A．a(chǎn)void mistakes B．live with failures C．a(chǎn)void competition D．live with new ideas
58、 When it comes to trying new things, people should know it is natural that A．success results from trial and error B．they might miss something important C．success requires safety guarantees D．they will hit more than they miss
59、 According to Nina Spencer, the key to acquiring a new skill lies in A．practice B．persistence C．competence D．performance
60、 The writer of the text wants to tell people not to A．be frightened by failure B．repeat the same failure C．underestimate failure D．be misled by failure SECTION III Reading Comprehension Part B(40 minutes)
根據(jù)下列材料，請(qǐng)回答61-65題： Charles Swecker: Thank you for getting it right in your articles on how to make a better student. As an educator, I' m sure I speak for others in saying parents who encourage learning at home ultimately have kids who perform at a higher level in class. School systems have been trying to get that message out for years. Imagine, excellent teachers working with students who have a drive and desire to learn. What a perfect world!
Sandy Simonson: The students you pictured have positive attitudes; they expect to work hard on their own. Con-sequently, the effort they put in produces positive results. But my sons are different. They see their parents read. They were read to at home. We' ve encouraged and praised the genuine efforts they' ve made. But the bottom line for my sons is that until something fires them up from within, they are content to do as little work as possible.
Bridget Boyle : Parents should do these things to make their child a better student: turn off the television. Fill every room with books. Play, read, travel, and then read some more with your kids. If reading be-comes the primary form of entertainment in the home, youngsters will turn to books. It was my pleasure to catch them reading on their own. Killing our television was the best thing we ever did.
Deborah Curtin: Your report provided a glimpse into the life of young geniuses, but nobody made these kids better students. Each one can obviously grasp any task. Each could have been left in a box with a book and would have ended up self-taught. You did, however, confirm my belief that most teachers are only capable of communicating information to ready-made A students. Of course, there are a few good teachers, but they cannot overcome the defective system we have.
Alan Holman: I don' t think that the success of students really depends on marks. I just finished writing my second average-length stage play, which is going to bc produced at my high school. And I' m also playing a part in Hamlet. Despite all these really great things, my marks in school are really bad. I pay more attention to my hobbies than to school, and it' s actually getting mc somewhere. So marks aren't everything.
Now match the name of each person (61 to 65) to the appropriate statement. Note: there are two extra statements. Statements A．Grades cannot fully reflect the whole picture of a student. B．Try your best to make your children habitual readers. C．Tolerant parents are sure to shape successful children. D．Parents' encouragement helps to improve children' s performance at school. E．Schooling is very different from educating. F． Good students are actually not made but born. G．Students cannot become better at school unless theyare self-driven. 61、Charles Swecker 62、 Sandy Simonson 63、 Bridget Boyle 64、 Deborah Curtin 65、 Alan Holman SECTION IV Writing Part A(40 minutes) 66、You have read the following notice about a lost handbag. As you have lost your bag, you want to contact the Lost and Found office to know if the bag is yours.
Write an email to the Lost and Found office, telling about: 1) when and where you lost your bag; 2) what your bag is like and what is in it. You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of your email. Use "Wang Lin" instead.
SECTION IV Writing Part B(40 minutes) 67、Below is a table showing the percentages of people in a big city going to work in different ways in 2007 and 2011. Look at the table closely and write an essay of about 120 words making reference to the following points: 1) the difference between the two years in the ways of people going to work; 2) the possible reasons for the difference. 參考答案及精析
第一部分聽(tīng)力理解 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．A 16．D 17．C 18．D 19．C 20．A 21．B 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．B
【聽(tīng)力部分錄音材料】 Part A 1. M: Good evening. My name is Tom Smith, may I know your name? W: My name is Mary Class on. M: Mary, would you care to dance? W: I' d love to, but I have to be off with something important to do. 2. M: We' d better start to eat onions frequently, Linda. W: But you hate onions, don't you? M: Until I learned from a report from today' s paper that they protect people from flu and colds. After all, compared with health, taste is not so important. 3. W: When do you think that I can go home, Doctor Smith? M: Well, you came in on Monday and today is Friday. I say that you could probably leave tomorrow. But you should stay at home and not go back to work too soon. 4. M: Laura, I ran into David today. W: Really? Did he say anything about his sister? M: Yes. She should be leaving London very soon because her husband has taken a job in Paris. 5. M : Do you have a driver' s license? W: No. I am going to take the test in a couple of weeks. M: Didn't you drive in your own country? W: Yes. But I have to be more skilled. M: And you have to study the traffic rules too. 6. M: Let' s back up. Where was I? W: You were talking about your trip to South Africa.I bet you had a great time. M: Yes, we did. In fact, you know what we en-countered. W: A long-last friend? M: Come on ! A lion. 7. W: When do you usually go to the bank, John? M: Anytime I have to. Why did you ask? W: You' d better avoid Friday mornings. I' m reading an interesting book these days. And it says most robberies happen on Friday mornings. 8. W : What do you think of your father? M: Oh, he was the first stable male figure in my life. The best attribute a parent can have is con-sistency. When he said he would be there at 3 o'clock, he was there. That meant more to me than anything. 9. M: How do you like your new room, Jane? W: It' s not big; the rent is high. And I' m far away from work. But I enjoy myself very much. M : Why? W : I am able to get rid of that annoying roommate at last. 10. M: Our flight will be delayed by 6 hours. That means it won' t be leaving until 3:30 in the afternoon. W: What shall we do in the meantime? M: Let' s find some seats in the quiet part of the terminal to take a nap. W: Good idea. I am pretty tired.
Part B Questions 11 ~ 13 W: Wow, look at the line. It' s worse than I expected. We are lucky we got here an hour earlier. Or else we will definitely have had problems getting tickets. I'm glad we made the effort to come early. M: Me too. I learned my lesson the last time I went to a new film. I didn' t arrive early enough and ended up with a terrible seat all the way in the front row. Believe me, it was one of the worst movie experiences ever. W: Yeah. I hate sitting in the first row. M: By the way, it was really nice of you to get this ticket for me. Why don' t I show you a bit of appreciation by getting you a drink? W: That would be great. M: OK. What kind of soda do you want? W : Let me see. I' ll take a large coke. Thanks a lot. M: I' d better get going. You hold my place and I' ll be back really quick. Oh, I almost forget. I' d better hold on to my ticket in case you get let in before I get back. If that happens, just save me a seat and I'll meet you inside. W: OK. It' s a plan.
Questions 14 ~ 17 W: You two are quite different. How did your company put you two together as a team? M: At first, they wanted to hear our harmony. We sang to them and they really liked to. So they decided that it would be best to put us together as a group. W: What are some of the distinctive features of your music? M: We have a variety of different songs; we have four different styles: soft rock, slow music, love songs and country music. But we are most at home with soft rock. I really like our voices merged together and I like how it sounds. Actually, there is a song called Studying. Our company really likes the song because it represents our voice. W: What would you like to bring to the audience through your music? M : I' d like to recommend our first song to everyone. The name of the song is Believe. The main idea we want to share is that we want to tell everyone you have to believe in yourself before people can believe in you. Actually we want to bring our music to everyone and make everyone happy. Music is something all around you. You can listen to music and you can feel what the music says.
Questions 18 ～ 21 W: I don' t think Poppas is right for this position. M: I agree. He' s got experience as a computer operator but he has very little training in programming. What about Anderson? W: I like him. He seems very enthusiastic and he knows a lot about programming. M: That' s true. Do you think he is dependable enough, though? He' s already had two different jobs this year. He might work for a couple of months and then decide to leave. W: I suppose so. But his last supervisor wrote a three-page letter of recommendation. He says Anderson is an excellent programmer. M: He probably is. But we don' t want him to leave after we' ve spent a lot of time training him. Actually, I think Logan is the best candidate. W: She hash' t worked since she got married, hash' t she ? M: She' s been taking care of her family. But she is really devoted. W: Oh, yes. The letter from her principal says she did a wonderful job. Do you think she' ll be a good programmer? M: I bet she will. She has an excellent letter of recommendation from her teacher at the institute she attended. W: That' s true. M: And Logan seems more professional. She was well-dressed and seemed to have a very positive attitude about working for us.
Questions 22 ～ 25 M: Well, what do you think is the reason most people do so badly at reaching goals? W: They lose focus. Everybody' s life is busy. There is so much happening in everybody' s life. That what happens is they might have a goal and then something will get in the way of that. Maybe their goal is that they want to go on a holiday every year and they put in their leave form with their boss and their boss may ask them to wait for another month and then for another month. That is, so different things get in their way and people don' t stand up for their goals. They don' t struggle for them. They let other forces push them around a little bit. Also, a lot of people don' t set goals ; they think they do. But it' s either a dream of very loose goal. So when they have to make a decision about a necessary action in their life the goal is so far back in their mind that they don' t act in its best interest. Also because people will sit down and say "oh, here are my goals" and forget all about them. Revisiting them every week is a good way. They stay at the top of your mind so you can take actions based on them. 第二部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用
第一節(jié)單項(xiàng)填空 參考譯文 我不知道為什么英國(guó)的酒吧讓我感到失望，畢竟酒吧是英國(guó)男性最喜歡的聚會(huì)場(chǎng)所，在那里，他們可以和朋友聚會(huì)，一起喝啤酒、討論足球或者賽馬，抑或談生意或者任何他們腦子里想的事情。請(qǐng)注意酒吧是英國(guó)男性喜歡的聚會(huì)場(chǎng)所而不是英國(guó)女性。即使在今天這個(gè)自由的時(shí)代，女性單獨(dú)去酒吧也不是一件值得人尊重的行為，必須有個(gè)男性陪同并且保護(hù)她才好?；蛟S這也是酒吧讓我覺(jué)得失望的部分原因：它們主要是為男性的喜好而設(shè)的。這一點(diǎn)相當(dāng)狹隘。我認(rèn)為這種男性主導(dǎo)的氛圍只會(huì)讓我想起以前在學(xué)校的經(jīng)歷，或者是部隊(duì)里的經(jīng)歷。這兩個(gè)都是我不想再次體驗(yàn)的。 但是我肯定屬于少數(shù)派。大多數(shù)英國(guó)人居住的附近都有酒吧，他們可以在那里擺脫來(lái)自家庭生活或者工作的壓力，如果幸運(yùn)的話，還可以向酒吧里漂亮的服務(wù)員傾訴煩心事。其實(shí)很多人男士都?jí)粝朕o去朝九晚五的工作，盤下一間小的鄉(xiāng)村酒吧，他們?cè)O(shè)想自己可以在那兒一個(gè)星期連續(xù)開(kāi)七天的派對(duì)。當(dāng)他們想到凌晨一點(diǎn)要清理酒吧里到處潑灑的啤酒時(shí)，這種夢(mèng)想就破滅了。 不過(guò)，每個(gè)男人都能找到自己喜歡的酒吧，每個(gè)酒吧也都有自己的客戶群。而且我必須承認(rèn)，對(duì)于一個(gè)不怎么喜歡酒吧的人來(lái)說(shuō)，我也去過(guò)不少各種各樣的酒吧。
26．A【精析】本題考查短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。after all畢竟，說(shuō)到底；in addition加之，另外；as a result結(jié)果；for example例如。此句是說(shuō)，無(wú)論如何，酒吧都是應(yīng)該男性喜歡去的地方，但是不知怎么回事，我卻很失望。根據(jù)前后句的語(yǔ)氣，A符合題意。 27．A【精析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。favorite最喜歡的；proper恰當(dāng)?shù)?；formal正式的；exclusive獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。根據(jù)文意，酒吧應(yīng)該是男性最喜歡去的地方，故選A。 28．B【精析】本題考查介詞詞義辨析。此旬意思為男性可以邊喝啤酒邊喝朋友聊天，over可以表示“邊…邊…”。例如：Why don’t we talk a-bout it over a cup of coffee．我們邊喝咖啡邊聊天吧。所以選B。 29．C【精析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。form形成；influence影響；occupy占據(jù)；trouble惹麻煩。根據(jù)句子意思，男性在酒吧里可以談?wù)撟闱?，賽馬或者任何想到的事情，故選C。 30．D【精析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。lawful合法的；meaningful有意義的；impressive印象深刻的；respectable值得尊敬的。根據(jù)原文意思，D選項(xiàng)最符合題意。 31．A 【精析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。accompany陪同；comfort安慰；encourage鼓勵(lì)；support支持。此處是說(shuō)女性單獨(dú)去酒吧不太體面，需要有人陪同，故選A。 32．D【精析】本題考查上下文語(yǔ)義的銜接。此處是說(shuō)女性得有男性陪同時(shí)去酒吧才比較合適，因此作者不怎么喜歡酒吧。根據(jù)前后句的語(yǔ)氣關(guān)系，D選項(xiàng)最符合題意。 33．C【精析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。force強(qiáng)迫；enable使…有能力；intend計(jì)劃，目的；claim聲稱；be intended to表示以…為目的，故選擇C。 34．A【精析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。此處是說(shuō)，酒吧主要是為男性而設(shè)計(jì)的，沒(méi)有考慮女性，因此目的比較狹隘。narrow狹隘的；noble高貴的；practical實(shí)用的；personal個(gè)人的。故選A。 35．D【精析】本題考查副詞詞義辨析。also也；hence因此；yet還；only只。此處是說(shuō)，酒吧以男性為服務(wù)對(duì)象，對(duì)女性不公平；不好的結(jié)果就是讓我想起以前的各種經(jīng)歷，故選擇D。 36．B【精析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。existence存在；experience經(jīng)歷；interest興趣；incident事件。在學(xué)?；蛘哕婈?duì)，是一種經(jīng)歷，故選擇B。 37．C【精析】本題考查上下文語(yǔ)義的銜接。naturally自然而然地；normally正常地；obviously顯而易見(jiàn)地；oddly奇怪地。此處是說(shuō)我覺(jué)得酒吧令人失望，但是每個(gè)英國(guó)人家附近都會(huì)有一家酒吧，而且大家都愛(ài)酒吧，所以大部分人都覺(jué)得酒吧很好。對(duì)比之下，我明顯屬于少數(shù)覺(jué)得酒吧不令人滿意的人，故選C。 38．C【精析】本題考查上下文意義推理和詞義辨析。男性到酒吧里應(yīng)該是逃避工作和家庭帶來(lái)的壓力。need需求；objective目標(biāo)；pressure壓力；requirement要求，故選C。 39．D【精析】本題考查形容詞詞義辨析。這里是說(shuō)男性到酒吧里逃避壓力帶來(lái)的煩惱，有時(shí)候可以和漂亮的女服務(wù)聊天，屬于比較幸運(yùn)的事情。所以比較四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，只有D選項(xiàng)合適，故選D。 40．B【精析】本題考查連詞詞義辨析。still仍然；indeed事實(shí)上；thus因此；nevertheless然而。根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)氣indeed最符合原文意思，故選擇B。 41．B【精析】本題考查前后語(yǔ)義連貫。此處是說(shuō)很多男性夢(mèng)想辭掉無(wú)聊的工作，自己開(kāi)酒吧，成為派對(duì)的主人。decorate表示裝修；buy表示購(gòu)買；design表示設(shè)計(jì)；visit表示拜訪，故選B。 42．A 【精析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。host主人；member成員；servant仆人；sponsor贊助者。根據(jù)題意，應(yīng)該是應(yīng)該男性夢(mèng)想成為派對(duì)的主人，故選A。 43．D【精析】本題考查名詞詞義辨析。辭掉工作自己開(kāi)酒吧，一個(gè)星期舉辦七次派對(duì)活動(dòng)，對(duì)于大部分男性來(lái)說(shuō)，不是一件切合實(shí)際的事情，只能是一種夢(mèng)想。hobby嗜好；project項(xiàng)目；habit習(xí)慣；dream夢(mèng)想，故選D。 44．D【精析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。recognize辨認(rèn)出；remember記得；believe相信；admit承認(rèn)。根據(jù)上下文推理，作者應(yīng)該是承認(rèn)盡管自己不喜歡酒吧，但是去的次數(shù)也很多，故選D。 45．C【精析】本題考查動(dòng)詞的固定搭配。spend time in／on表示把時(shí)間花在(做)某事上面，故選C。 第三部分閱讀理解
Part A Text 1 參考譯文 加州大學(xué)洛杉礬分校醫(yī)療中心的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，帶著狗拜訪心臟病患者12分鐘可以降低病人24％的焦慮感，相比之下，人單獨(dú)來(lái)看望病人可以降低病人10％的焦慮感，沒(méi)有探訪者的病人的焦慮感不會(huì)降低。 對(duì)76名病人進(jìn)行的研究結(jié)果在上周德克薩斯州達(dá)拉斯市舉辦的美國(guó)心臟協(xié)會(huì)年度會(huì)議上展示出來(lái)。這項(xiàng)研究由寵物信托基金會(huì)贊助，此基金會(huì)為非營(yíng)利性組織，其宗旨是促進(jìn)人類與動(dòng)物的互動(dòng)，加強(qiáng)兩者之間的聯(lián)系。此研究將帶著狗一起去看望病人的效果與僅有人去探病的效果以及沒(méi)有探訪者自己休息的病人康復(fù)結(jié)果相對(duì)比。監(jiān)控病人的心理壓力并且在探訪者來(lái)之前和離開(kāi)之后詢問(wèn)病人一些問(wèn)題，評(píng)估病人的焦慮感程度。盡管臨界的壓力值也有所降低，表明心臟功能有所改善，但是最突出的反應(yīng)是焦慮水平的變化。 “最先注意到的是病人的表情變成了笑臉，他們的壓力似乎都得以釋放?！毖芯咳藛TKathy Cole說(shuō)道，“心臟病患者很容易出現(xiàn)沮喪和絕望感，只要在醫(yī)院住三個(gè)晚上就足以讓病人感到焦慮不安。在拜訪當(dāng)中，這些毛茸茸的朋友可以躺在病人旁邊，頭離病人的頭只有兩英尺遠(yuǎn)。大部分的病人會(huì)拍拍寵物狗的頭，有些病人會(huì)和探訪者一起談?wù)搶櫸锕?。? 研究中用的狗是經(jīng)過(guò)特殊訓(xùn)練的協(xié)助治療的狗，它們都經(jīng)過(guò)一系列的訓(xùn)練、評(píng)估和認(rèn)證以認(rèn)定它們具備成為輔助治療狗的資格。狗的種類各不相同。研究人員使用了各種各樣的狗，包括伯爾尼山地狗和小髯狗。但是，狗不需要經(jīng)過(guò)特殊訓(xùn)練也可以給人類帶來(lái)平靜。事實(shí)上，狗以外的其他動(dòng)物也可以對(duì)病人有幫助作用。“只要那個(gè)動(dòng)物對(duì)病人有意義，或者和病人有一定的關(guān)系，都可以讓病人心安?！盋ole這樣說(shuō)。 46．A【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“從文中可以得知，心臟病患者從以下哪個(gè)當(dāng)中獲益?”從第一段中“…with a dog…anxiety levels by 24 percent in a heart…”可以得知，帶著狗一起看病人，會(huì)使病人的焦慮感降低24％。因此帶著寵物看病人對(duì)患者最有好處，故選A。 47．B【精析】推理題。題干意為“研究表明，對(duì)于心臟病患者來(lái)說(shuō) ?！睆牡谝欢蝺?nèi)容“… with a dog...anxiety levels by 24 percent in a heart…”來(lái)看帶著狗一起看病人，會(huì)使病人的焦慮感降低24％。因此和動(dòng)物的接觸對(duì)心臟病人有好處，故選B。 48．B【精析】推理題。題干意為“根據(jù)Cole的說(shuō)法，病人表情的變化說(shuō)明哪一點(diǎn)?”前兩段詳細(xì)陳述了帶著狗去看病人的好處，第三段第一句就提到病人表情的變化，可以推斷，在與動(dòng)物接觸之后，病人的心理壓力變小，故選B。 49．C【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“Cole認(rèn)為狗對(duì)于病人有幫助，其條件是 。”從文章最后一句“As long as a dog has meaning to the patient…calm the patient．”可以得知，任何動(dòng)物只要對(duì)于病人有意義，都有助于其病情的恢復(fù)，狗當(dāng)然也不例外，故選C。 50．A【精析】概述題。題干意為“本文主要闡述了 ?”整篇文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果，即帶著動(dòng)物看病人對(duì)于患者有很大好處，故選A。
Text 2 參考譯文 從很多角度來(lái)看，Katsura Okiyama是一個(gè)典型的20多歲的日本女性。她喜歡和朋友一起而且喜歡迪士尼樂(lè)園。但是，與眾不同的地方是，她是一名作家。而且更特別的是，她的寫(xiě)作工具是手機(jī)。 在日本，人們不僅僅用手機(jī)看小說(shuō)，而且也用手機(jī)寫(xiě)小說(shuō)——上傳短信長(zhǎng)度的章節(jié)到專門的網(wǎng)站上，然后又被數(shù)百萬(wàn)手機(jī)用戶下載到手機(jī)上。最流行的會(huì)出版成書(shū)，銷量可達(dá)幾十萬(wàn)冊(cè)。Katsura Okiyama第一部以書(shū)的形式出版的手機(jī)小說(shuō)長(zhǎng)達(dá)235頁(yè)?！拔矣X(jué)得我每天在兩個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)最多寫(xiě)大概20頁(yè)，我?guī)缀跤昧艘粋€(gè)月時(shí)間寫(xiě)這本書(shū)?！彼f(shuō)道。 盡管她以前習(xí)慣于每天寫(xiě)大概100條短信，但她從未想過(guò)用拇指打字讓她有機(jī)會(huì)成為作家?！拔覐奈磳?xiě)過(guò)小說(shuō)，”她說(shuō)，“我從未想過(guò)真正的小說(shuō)應(yīng)該是什么樣的，可能這也是我成功的原因吧。” “手機(jī)小說(shuō)在日本被那些渴望被傾聽(tīng)的年輕一代日本人創(chuàng)造并消費(fèi)。”娛樂(lè)顧問(wèn)John Possman這樣說(shuō)，“它是真正的流行文化，已經(jīng)成為了一項(xiàng)大產(chǎn)業(yè)，使得銷量已經(jīng)連續(xù)十年下降的出版行業(yè)不得不作出調(diào)整?！?但是，個(gè)體的聲音很難被聽(tīng)到。媒體認(rèn)為手機(jī)小說(shuō)的語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)單并且充滿了表情圖像——代表不同的態(tài)度和情感的符號(hào)。對(duì)話和描述過(guò)于稀少，小說(shuō)的主題總是愛(ài)情。典型的情節(jié)就是女主角失去初戀，后來(lái)努力地重新獲得一份愛(ài)情。 “這些故事通常用第一人稱描述并且缺乏多樣性?！盤ossman這樣認(rèn)為。但是這一點(diǎn)對(duì)于讀者來(lái)說(shuō)并不是一個(gè)問(wèn)題?！澳銥槭裁床粚?xiě)本感動(dòng)我的小說(shuō)呢?” 一名憤怒的女學(xué)生在網(wǎng)上貼出這樣的信息，這是她對(duì)激烈反對(duì)手機(jī)小說(shuō)的人的一個(gè)回應(yīng)。目前為止，日本的文學(xué)界還沒(méi)有給出答案。 51．A【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“在日本，手機(jī)小說(shuō)作家 ?”文章第二段“…uploading SMS-length chapters to specialist…”介紹了日本讀者通過(guò)短信的形式把手機(jī)小說(shuō)上傳到專門的網(wǎng)站上，然后被網(wǎng)友下載，因此是一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的把故事上傳到網(wǎng)上。故選A。 52．D【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“Katsura Okiyama認(rèn)為她能夠?qū)懶≌f(shuō)主要是因?yàn)??”根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句話“I never had the idea of how a real novel should be，so that might be why I could do it．”可知，她認(rèn)為自己成功的出版小說(shuō)的原因，恰恰是她自己從未想過(guò)真正小說(shuō)的樣子，即她沒(méi)有受到傳統(tǒng)文學(xué)的影響。故選D。 53．C【精析】推斷題。題干意為“根據(jù)John Possman可知，日本出版社 ?”由文章第四段 “…shaking up a publishing industry whose sales have been declining for a decade．”可知出版業(yè)的銷量在不斷地減少，故選c。 54．C【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“根據(jù)文章可知手機(jī)小說(shuō) ?！睆奈恼伦詈笠欢蔚牡谝痪淇芍?，手機(jī)小說(shuō)通常用第一人稱描述并缺乏多樣性，故選C。 55．A【精析】推理題。題干意為“從文中可推斷日本的文學(xué)界不能 。”文章最后一段中，有女學(xué)生在網(wǎng)上提出來(lái)“why don’t you write a novel and move me?”你為什么不寫(xiě)本感動(dòng)我的小說(shuō)?文學(xué)界沒(méi)有給出回應(yīng)，沒(méi)有解決他們與手機(jī)小說(shuō)讀者直接的爭(zhēng)端，故選A。
Text 3 參考譯文 太多人害怕失敗。我們很多人都因?yàn)榕率《桓覈L試新事物，總是告訴自己我們不擅長(zhǎng)這些新事物。有些人把自己的目標(biāo)僅僅局限在自己擅長(zhǎng)做的事情上。還有一些人嘗試一下新事物，如果失敗的話，就認(rèn)定自己不適合這條路。 這真是一種不幸。從很多優(yōu)秀科學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)看，失敗沒(méi)有什么可怕的。他們認(rèn)為失敗不僅僅是不可避免的而且是一個(gè)不可或缺的盟友。諾貝爾化學(xué)獎(jiǎng)獲得者John Polanyi說(shuō)：“在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里失敗是一件好事。如果你實(shí)驗(yàn)的每個(gè)東西都是成功的，那就說(shuō)明你在打安全牌；你沒(méi)有去冒險(xiǎn)。失敗說(shuō)明你在學(xué)習(xí)。問(wèn)一個(gè)科學(xué)家有沒(méi)有失敗過(guò)就像是問(wèn)藝術(shù)家有沒(méi)有畫(huà)草圖一樣。答案是‘無(wú)數(shù)次’，這就是成功的代價(jià)?！?失敗不是成功的反面而更像是成功的組成部分。在好萊塢每年都會(huì)有數(shù)千個(gè)新的電視節(jié)目的創(chuàng)意被推出，但是只有秀的一部分才有機(jī)會(huì)被搬上熒屏，更不用說(shuō)在第一季中成功的生存下來(lái)了。在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，在嘗試新事物時(shí)失敗的次數(shù)要高于成功的次數(shù)。 Nina Spencer是一名勵(lì)志演講家和Geaing Passion out of Your Profession的作者。她喜歡提醒聽(tīng)眾，每當(dāng)我們嘗試新技能的時(shí)候，都會(huì)經(jīng)歷四個(gè)階段?！伴_(kāi)始是你不了解這個(gè)技能；因?yàn)椴涣私?，所以不擅長(zhǎng)。最后你會(huì)了解這個(gè)技能，但是沒(méi)有能力去做。接下來(lái)，只要你認(rèn)真思考，你就可以運(yùn)用這個(gè)技能。最后，由于實(shí)踐次數(shù)很多，做起來(lái)也變得容易了?！痹E竅就在于：在第二階段時(shí)不要放棄。 總而言之，成功的種子總是在失敗的土壤中茁壯成長(zhǎng)。正如現(xiàn)代汽車電子點(diǎn)火系統(tǒng)的發(fā)明者和200項(xiàng)專利持有者Charles Kettering曾經(jīng)所說(shuō)的：“失敗，反復(fù)的失敗，是成功路上的指示牌——每一次失敗都是向成功的一次靠近?！? 56．D【精析】推理題。題干意為“根據(jù)John Polanyi可知，一個(gè)看起來(lái)一直成功的人實(shí)際上可能 ?！备鶕?jù)文章第二段“If everything you try is very successful，it means that you are playing it safe”來(lái)看，John Polanyi認(rèn)為在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里如果從沒(méi)有失敗過(guò)，說(shuō)明我們打的是安全牌，沒(méi)有去冒險(xiǎn)。因此一個(gè)看起來(lái)似乎很成功的人，其實(shí)是一個(gè)不敢于冒險(xiǎn)的人，也就是一個(gè)太謹(jǐn)慎小心的人，故選D。 57．B【精析】推理題。題干意為“好萊塢的例子說(shuō)明要成功，你應(yīng)該 ?！贝颂幰院萌R塢為例，每年在好萊塢都會(huì)有幾千個(gè)節(jié)目創(chuàng)意，但是只有一小部分能夠被搬上熒屏。這說(shuō)明大部分的創(chuàng)意都會(huì)失敗，因此想取得成功，失敗是必不可少的，故選B。 58．A【精析】推理題。題干意為“當(dāng)開(kāi)始嘗試新事物的時(shí)候，人們應(yīng)該意識(shí)到 是自然的。”從文章內(nèi)容來(lái)看，失敗是不可避免的經(jīng)歷，同時(shí)也是成功的盟友，在嘗試新事物的時(shí)候要反復(fù)試驗(yàn)，堅(jiān)持不懈，故選A。 59．B【精析】細(xì)節(jié)題。題干意為“根據(jù)Nina Spencer所說(shuō)可知：獲得新技能的關(guān)鍵在于 ?！卑凑誑ina的觀點(diǎn)，嘗試新事物的時(shí)候要分四個(gè)階段，“the secret is not to give up at stage two．”最重要的秘訣就是在第二階段的時(shí)候不能放棄，故選B。 60．A【精析】概述題。題干意為“本文作者想告訴人們不要 ?！睆奈恼聝?nèi)容來(lái)看，作者不斷通過(guò)各種例子和名人的告誡提醒讀者，失敗并不可怕，失敗在成功的道理上是不可避免的，我們不能懼怕失敗，逃避失敗。故選A。
Part B 參考譯文 Charles Swecker： 感謝你在文章當(dāng)中提到了正確的培養(yǎng)更好的學(xué)生的方法。作為一名教育工作者，我肯定可以代表其他人這樣說(shuō)：在家被父母鼓勵(lì)學(xué)習(xí)的孩子在班里的表現(xiàn)會(huì)更好。學(xué)校一直都在努力讓大家明白這一點(diǎn)。想象一下，優(yōu)秀的老師加上有學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)力和學(xué)習(xí)渴望的學(xué)生。這是一個(gè)多完美的世界! Sandy Simonson： 你所描述的學(xué)生有積極的態(tài)度；他們?cè)敢饪孔约号W(xué)習(xí)。因此他們付出的努力會(huì)有良好的成效。但是我的兒子卻難以做到這點(diǎn)。他們看父母讀書(shū)，聽(tīng)父母讀書(shū)。我們鼓勵(lì)并且贊揚(yáng)他們付出的真實(shí)努力。但是最關(guān)鍵的是，我兒子會(huì)滿足于盡可能地少去努力，直到有什么引發(fā)了他們的熱情，帶給他們動(dòng)力。 Bridget Boyle： 父母應(yīng)該這樣做，以便讓孩子成為更好的學(xué)生：關(guān)掉電視；在房間里擺滿書(shū)。玩耍，閱讀，旅行然后再和孩子一起多讀書(shū)。如果閱讀成為他們?cè)诩易钪饕膴蕵?lè)方式，孩子們會(huì)愛(ài)上書(shū)?？吹剿麄冏约涸诳磿?shū)，我感到開(kāi)心。關(guān)掉電視是我們做過(guò)的一件事。 Deborah Curtin： 你的報(bào)告讓我們對(duì)小天才們的生活有所了解，但是沒(méi)有人把這些孩子變成優(yōu)秀學(xué)生。很明顯，他們?nèi)魏我粋€(gè)人都可以完成任何任務(wù)；每一個(gè)人都可以單獨(dú)和一箱子書(shū)呆在一起然后自學(xué)。不過(guò)，你確實(shí)讓我更加相信我的理念：大部分的老師只能向天生的尖子生傳達(dá)信息。當(dāng)然了，也有一些優(yōu)秀的老師，不過(guò)他們也無(wú)法克服我們體制的缺陷。 Alan Holman： 我不認(rèn)為學(xué)生的成功取決于分?jǐn)?shù)。我剛剛完成我第二部長(zhǎng)度適中的舞臺(tái)劇劇本，并且將會(huì)在我的高中演出。我也在《哈姆雷特》當(dāng)中扮演一個(gè)角色。除了這些很棒的成績(jī)，我的考試分?jǐn)?shù)真的很差。我把更多的注意力放在興趣上而不是學(xué)校，通過(guò)這樣做，我其實(shí)已經(jīng)在取得一定的成功。所以，分?jǐn)?shù)不代表一切。 61．D【精析】主旨題。Charles Swecker認(rèn)為“…parents who encourage learning at home．．．have kids…a higher level in class．”可以得知，鼓勵(lì)孩子學(xué)習(xí)的家長(zhǎng)，會(huì)把孩子變成一個(gè)更好的學(xué)生，故選D。 62．G 【精析】主旨題。Sandy Simonson以自己的孩子為例“…until something fires them up from within…as little as possible．”說(shuō)明如果孩子沒(méi)有內(nèi)在學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)力和熱情，就會(huì)在學(xué)習(xí)方面偷懶，不愿意付出努力，故選G。 63．B【精析】主旨題。Bridget Boyle的建議是“turn off the television，fill every room with books把電視關(guān)掉，每個(gè)房間里都擺滿書(shū)”，經(jīng)常陪孩子一起讀書(shū)，因此他提倡讓孩子養(yǎng)成讀書(shū)的習(xí)慣，故選B。 64．F【精析】主旨題。Deborah Curtin認(rèn)為“…the life of young genius，but nobody made these kids better student”可知文章當(dāng)中的小天才們都很優(yōu)秀，但是他們不是被任何人培養(yǎng)出來(lái)的天才，而是天生就有學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)力，因此他們是天生的學(xué)習(xí)者，故選F。 65．A【精析】主旨題。Alan Holman認(rèn)為自己雖然考試分?jǐn)?shù)很差，但是自己會(huì)寫(xiě)劇本而且會(huì)演戲，因此分?jǐn)?shù)并沒(méi)有那么重要；而且“marks alan’t everything．”分?jǐn)?shù)并非代表一切，故選A。 第四部分寫(xiě)作
PartA 66．【高分范文】 Dear Sir, I saw your notice about the lost bag on your web-site. It so happened that I lost my bag at Spring Hill Park on 11 th, April. I was walking my dog in the park and ran into an old friend. We had a little chat in the central pavilion and I forgot to take my bag when we left. It was a medium-sized white female bag. Inside the bag there were a memo with my name on the front page, a dressing case, a pack of tissue and a copy of Readers' Digest. I am expecting your reply soon. Thank you.
Wang Lin
【寫(xiě)作點(diǎn)金】 此篇屬應(yīng)用文文體，是發(fā)給對(duì)方的一封電子郵件。首先應(yīng)該注意電子郵件的格式，電子郵件的格式和傳統(tǒng)書(shū)信類似，但是更簡(jiǎn)單，只需要有稱呼，正文和落款；其次要注意正文部分的寫(xiě)作層次：文章的開(kāi)頭就要說(shuō)明寫(xiě)信的目的；然后要說(shuō)明自己丟包的具體時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；再次應(yīng)該對(duì)自己丟的包進(jìn)行外觀描述并且詳細(xì)陳述包里所裝物品，失物招領(lǐng)處工作人員核對(duì)信息。最后要注意表明希望盡快得到回復(fù)并且表示感謝。 【高頻詞句】 It happened that… 碰巧 walk my d09 遛狗 rurl int0 偶遇 have a chat 聊天 dressing case 化妝盒 a pack of 一包 a copy of 一本
Part B 67．【高分范文】
Ways of Going to Work
This table shows the ways of people in a big city going to work between the year of 2007 and 2011. Ac-cording to the table, the number of people traveling in private cars and by subway increases from 2007 to 2011. In contrast, fewer people travel by bus or by bike in the year of 2011. The reason for the changes can be summed up as follows: Firstly, private cars are cheaper than before. The income of urban citizens has increased while private cars are becoming cheaper. More people can afford to buy their own cars. Secondly, more subway lines are in operation. It is convenient and cheap to travel by subway. Therefore, more people choose to go to work by subway than be-fore. Since more people drive their own cars or by sub- way, fewer people go to work by bus or by bike accordingly.
【寫(xiě)作點(diǎn)金】 這是一篇圖表描述作文。首先應(yīng)該敘述圖表描述的內(nèi)容，即主題；其次應(yīng)該對(duì)圖表當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行說(shuō)明和對(duì)比，找出數(shù)據(jù)的突出變化并且加以對(duì)比；最后應(yīng)該對(duì)圖表中所反映的數(shù)據(jù)變化的原因進(jìn)行分析、總結(jié)。 【高頻詞句】 according to 根據(jù) the number of 數(shù)量 in contrast 對(duì)比之下 afford to 負(fù)擔(dān)得起 in operation 運(yùn)行中 choose to 選擇做某事