★英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力頻道為大家整理的voa英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力材料：恐怖主義仍然威脅非洲，供大家參考。更多閱讀請(qǐng)查看本站英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力頻道。
Africa Terrorism Threat Remains1 恐怖主義仍然威脅非洲
DAKAR — 2013 appears to have been the year the world woke up to African terrorism. Military gains against Islamist extremists in places like Mali and Somalia were followed by major terrorist attacks in neighboring countries - highlighting how complex and persistent2 the threat really remains.
The year opened with a French military intervention3 in Mali. Al-Qaida-linked fighters in control of the north were pushing south.
Malian troops could not have held them back alone. But even as French and African troops liberated4 the north, jihadist fighters launched a revenge attack on a natural gas facility in Ain Amenas, Algeria, taking hundreds hostage and ultimately killing5 at least 36 foreigners.
Somalia looked to be turning a corner at the start of 2013. Kenyan and African Union troops had chased the militant6 group al-Shabab from key urban strongholds.
But in September, a small number of al-Shabab militants7 attacked an upscale Nairobi shopping mall, killing more than 60 people and laying bare failings by Kenyan security and intelligence agencies.
The world watched as hundreds escaped.
Nigeria says it is turning the tide against the homegrown radical8 insurgency9, Boko Haram, that it has wrestled10 with since 2009.
In May, Nigeria began an offensive against the sect11. The United Nations says the ongoing12 offensive has killed more than 1,200 people. But Boko Haram continues to attack.
An all-too-familiar pattern is playing out in Africa. Islamist insurgents13 seize territory where they can. They set up safe havens14. They may even try to govern. But faced with military action, they abandon their urban fiefdoms and disperse15. Some are killed. Others live to strike back, joined by more young recruits.
Senegalese researcher Bakary Sambe says military intervention, in particular by Western forces, feeds radicalization.
"It's absurd to say you can make war on terrorism which by nature is constantly regenerating16 and evolving. We also need to fight the causes of radicalization: poverty, a sense of frustration17 and rejection18 by the state, and under-development," said Sambe.
Analysts19 say al-Shabab remains the most organized and far-reaching of the African al-Qaida affiliates20 and that the publicity21 it got from the Westgate Mall attack revitalized the al-Shabab brand, helping22 it recruit internationally.
A Horn of Africa expert in Nairobi, Abdiwahab Sheikh Abdisamed, says the international community must keep up the pressure.
"They [al-Shabab] have an agenda beyond Somalia. They have an agenda beyond the region. They are going to Islamize the whole world….by force, not by preaching, by force," said Abdisamed.
The United States and the European Union are keeping a close eye on these threats. But with the exception of France, which continues to battle militants in Mali, Western powers say that in the year ahead, they will continue with the more hands-off approach of financing, assisting and training African troops to contain violent extremism.
點(diǎn)擊收聽(tīng)單詞發(fā)音收聽(tīng)單詞發(fā)音
1 remains 1kMzTy
n.剩余物，殘留物；遺體，遺跡
參考例句：
He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.殘羹剩飯喂狗了。
2 persistent BSUzg
adj.堅(jiān)持不懈的，執(zhí)意的；持續(xù)的
參考例句：
Albert had a persistent headache that lasted for three days.艾伯特連續(xù)頭痛了三天。
She felt embarrassed by his persistent attentions.他不時(shí)地向她大獻(xiàn)殷勤，使她很難為情。
3 intervention e5sxZ
n.介入，干涉，干預(yù)
參考例句：
The government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府對(duì)這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論的干預(yù)不會(huì)起作用。
Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.許多人覺(jué)得他會(huì)反對(duì)外來(lái)干預(yù)。
4 liberated YpRzMi
a.無(wú)拘束的，放縱的
參考例句：
The city was liberated by the advancing army. 軍隊(duì)向前挺進(jìn)，解放了那座城市。
The heat brings about a chemical reaction, and oxygen is liberated. 熱量引起化學(xué)反應(yīng)，釋放出氧氣。
5 killing kpBziQ
n.巨額利潤(rùn)；突然賺大錢(qián)，發(fā)大財(cái)
參考例句：
Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投資者準(zhǔn)備清倉(cāng)以便大賺一筆。
Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上個(gè)周我兄弟在華爾街賺了一大筆。
6 militant 8DZxh
adj.激進(jìn)的，好斗的；n.激進(jìn)分子，斗士
參考例句：
Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人要和白人中的激進(jìn)派聯(lián)合。
He is a militant in the movement.他在那次運(yùn)動(dòng)中是個(gè)激進(jìn)人物。
7 militants 3fa50c1e4338320d8495907fdc5bdbaf
激進(jìn)分子，好斗分子( militant的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )
參考例句：
The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 幾年來(lái)，反叛分子一直對(duì)政府實(shí)施零星的戰(zhàn)斗。
Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 盡管如此，巴勒斯坦的激進(jìn)分子仍然發(fā)射導(dǎo)彈。
8 radical hA8zu
n.激進(jìn)份子，原子團(tuán)，根號(hào)；adj.根本的，激進(jìn)的，徹底的
參考例句：
The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在醫(yī)院得到了根治。
She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。
9 insurgency dqdzEb
n.起義；*；叛變
參考例句：
And as in China, unrest and even insurgency are widespread. 而在中國(guó)，*甚至*都普遍存在。 來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)
Dr Zyphur is part an insurgency against this idea. 塞弗博士是這一觀點(diǎn)逆流的一部分。 來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)
10 wrestled c9ba15a0ecfd0f23f9150f9c8be3b994
v.（與某人）搏斗( wrestle的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞 )；扭成一團(tuán)；扭打；（與…）摔跤
參考例句：
As a boy he had boxed and wrestled. 他小的時(shí)候又是打拳又是摔跤。
Armed guards wrestled with the intruder. 武裝警衛(wèi)和闖入者扭打起來(lái)。 來(lái)自《簡(jiǎn)明英漢詞典》
11 sect 1ZkxK
n.派別，宗教，學(xué)派，派系
參考例句：
When he was sixteen he joined a religious sect.他16歲的時(shí)候加入了一個(gè)宗教教派。
Each religious sect in the town had its own church.該城每一個(gè)宗教教派都有自己的教堂。
12 ongoing 6RvzT
adj.進(jìn)行中的，前進(jìn)的
參考例句：
The problem is ongoing.這個(gè)問(wèn)題尚未解決。
The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.報(bào)告中提出的問(wèn)題與“關(guān)心老人”組織在這方面正在做的工作有直接的關(guān)系。
13 insurgents c68be457307815b039a352428718de59
n.起義，*，造反( insurgent的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )
參考例句：
The regular troops of Baden joined the insurgents. 巴登的正規(guī)軍參加到起義軍方面來(lái)了。 來(lái)自《簡(jiǎn)明英漢詞典》
Against the Taliban and Iraqi insurgents, these problems are manageable. 要對(duì)付塔利班與伊拉克叛亂分子，這些問(wèn)題還是可以把握住的。 來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)
14 havens 4e10631e2b71bdedbb49b75173e0f818
n.港口，安全地方( haven的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )v.港口，安全地方( haven的第三人稱單數(shù) )
參考例句：
Your twenty havens would back out at the last minute anyhow. 你那二十個(gè)避難所到了最后一分鐘也要不認(rèn)帳。 來(lái)自辭典例句
Using offshore havens to avoid taxes and investor protections. 使用海面的港口避免稅和投資者保護(hù)。 來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)
15 disperse ulxzL
vi.使分散；使消失；vt.分散；驅(qū)散
參考例句：
The cattle were swinging their tails to disperse the flies.那些牛甩動(dòng)著尾巴驅(qū)趕蒼蠅。
The children disperse for the holidays.孩子們放假了。
16 regenerating 0fd51be890ff4b873643d13907e3ab4f
v.新生，再生( regenerate的現(xiàn)在分詞 )；正反饋
參考例句：
It is not proposed to deal with the detailed histology of regenerating tissues here. 這里未提出詳細(xì)的再生組織的組織學(xué)。 來(lái)自辭典例句
This is accomplished by using a thermocompressor to recycle regenerating steam through the absorber. 它用熱壓機(jī)使再生蒸汽經(jīng)吸附器循環(huán)完成解吸過(guò)程。 來(lái)自辭典例句
17 frustration 4hTxj
n.挫折，失敗，失效，落空
參考例句：
He had to fight back tears of frustration.他不得不強(qiáng)忍住失意的淚水。
He beat his hands on the steering wheel in frustration.他沮喪地用手打了幾下方向盤(pán)。
18 rejection FVpxp
n.拒絕，被拒，拋棄，被棄
參考例句：
He decided not to approach her for fear of rejection.他因怕遭拒絕決定不再去找她。
The rejection plunged her into the dark depths of despair.遭到拒絕使她陷入了絕望的深淵。
19 analysts 167ff30c5034ca70abe2d60a6e760448
分析家，化驗(yàn)員( analyst的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )
參考例句：
City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 倫敦金融分析家預(yù)測(cè)今年的利潤(rùn)非常豐厚。
I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人員和分析人員的高素質(zhì)給我留下了深刻印象。
20 affiliates 8039227006b7ce850a1cb99be5471e50
附屬企業(yè)( affiliate的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )
參考例句：
She affiliates with an academic society. 她是某學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體的成員。
For example, these security affiliates participated in the floating of 19,000,000,000 of issues in 1927. 例如，這些證券發(fā)行機(jī)構(gòu)在1927年的流通證券中，就提供了一百九十億美元的證券。
21 publicity ASmxx
n.眾所周知，聞名；宣傳，廣告
參考例句：
The singer star's marriage got a lot of publicity.這位歌星的婚事引起了公眾的關(guān)注。
He dismissed the event as just a publicity gimmick.他不理會(huì)這件事，只當(dāng)它是一種宣傳手法。
22 helping 2rGzDc
n.食物的一份&adj.幫助人的，輔助的
參考例句：
The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可憐的孩子們總是要求我把我的漢堡包再給他們一份。
By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 這樣一來(lái), 他在某些時(shí)候,有助于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的加強(qiáng)。
Africa Terrorism Threat Remains1 恐怖主義仍然威脅非洲
DAKAR — 2013 appears to have been the year the world woke up to African terrorism. Military gains against Islamist extremists in places like Mali and Somalia were followed by major terrorist attacks in neighboring countries - highlighting how complex and persistent2 the threat really remains.
The year opened with a French military intervention3 in Mali. Al-Qaida-linked fighters in control of the north were pushing south.
Malian troops could not have held them back alone. But even as French and African troops liberated4 the north, jihadist fighters launched a revenge attack on a natural gas facility in Ain Amenas, Algeria, taking hundreds hostage and ultimately killing5 at least 36 foreigners.
Somalia looked to be turning a corner at the start of 2013. Kenyan and African Union troops had chased the militant6 group al-Shabab from key urban strongholds.
But in September, a small number of al-Shabab militants7 attacked an upscale Nairobi shopping mall, killing more than 60 people and laying bare failings by Kenyan security and intelligence agencies.
The world watched as hundreds escaped.
Nigeria says it is turning the tide against the homegrown radical8 insurgency9, Boko Haram, that it has wrestled10 with since 2009.
In May, Nigeria began an offensive against the sect11. The United Nations says the ongoing12 offensive has killed more than 1,200 people. But Boko Haram continues to attack.
An all-too-familiar pattern is playing out in Africa. Islamist insurgents13 seize territory where they can. They set up safe havens14. They may even try to govern. But faced with military action, they abandon their urban fiefdoms and disperse15. Some are killed. Others live to strike back, joined by more young recruits.
Senegalese researcher Bakary Sambe says military intervention, in particular by Western forces, feeds radicalization.
"It's absurd to say you can make war on terrorism which by nature is constantly regenerating16 and evolving. We also need to fight the causes of radicalization: poverty, a sense of frustration17 and rejection18 by the state, and under-development," said Sambe.
Analysts19 say al-Shabab remains the most organized and far-reaching of the African al-Qaida affiliates20 and that the publicity21 it got from the Westgate Mall attack revitalized the al-Shabab brand, helping22 it recruit internationally.
A Horn of Africa expert in Nairobi, Abdiwahab Sheikh Abdisamed, says the international community must keep up the pressure.
"They [al-Shabab] have an agenda beyond Somalia. They have an agenda beyond the region. They are going to Islamize the whole world….by force, not by preaching, by force," said Abdisamed.
The United States and the European Union are keeping a close eye on these threats. But with the exception of France, which continues to battle militants in Mali, Western powers say that in the year ahead, they will continue with the more hands-off approach of financing, assisting and training African troops to contain violent extremism.
點(diǎn)擊收聽(tīng)單詞發(fā)音收聽(tīng)單詞發(fā)音
1 remains 1kMzTy
n.剩余物，殘留物；遺體，遺跡
參考例句：
He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.殘羹剩飯喂狗了。
2 persistent BSUzg
adj.堅(jiān)持不懈的，執(zhí)意的；持續(xù)的
參考例句：
Albert had a persistent headache that lasted for three days.艾伯特連續(xù)頭痛了三天。
She felt embarrassed by his persistent attentions.他不時(shí)地向她大獻(xiàn)殷勤，使她很難為情。
3 intervention e5sxZ
n.介入，干涉，干預(yù)
參考例句：
The government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府對(duì)這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論的干預(yù)不會(huì)起作用。
Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.許多人覺(jué)得他會(huì)反對(duì)外來(lái)干預(yù)。
4 liberated YpRzMi
a.無(wú)拘束的，放縱的
參考例句：
The city was liberated by the advancing army. 軍隊(duì)向前挺進(jìn)，解放了那座城市。
The heat brings about a chemical reaction, and oxygen is liberated. 熱量引起化學(xué)反應(yīng)，釋放出氧氣。
5 killing kpBziQ
n.巨額利潤(rùn)；突然賺大錢(qián)，發(fā)大財(cái)
參考例句：
Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投資者準(zhǔn)備清倉(cāng)以便大賺一筆。
Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上個(gè)周我兄弟在華爾街賺了一大筆。
6 militant 8DZxh
adj.激進(jìn)的，好斗的；n.激進(jìn)分子，斗士
參考例句：
Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人要和白人中的激進(jìn)派聯(lián)合。
He is a militant in the movement.他在那次運(yùn)動(dòng)中是個(gè)激進(jìn)人物。
7 militants 3fa50c1e4338320d8495907fdc5bdbaf
激進(jìn)分子，好斗分子( militant的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )
參考例句：
The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 幾年來(lái)，反叛分子一直對(duì)政府實(shí)施零星的戰(zhàn)斗。
Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 盡管如此，巴勒斯坦的激進(jìn)分子仍然發(fā)射導(dǎo)彈。
8 radical hA8zu
n.激進(jìn)份子，原子團(tuán)，根號(hào)；adj.根本的，激進(jìn)的，徹底的
參考例句：
The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在醫(yī)院得到了根治。
She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。
9 insurgency dqdzEb
n.起義；*；叛變
參考例句：
And as in China, unrest and even insurgency are widespread. 而在中國(guó)，*甚至*都普遍存在。 來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)
Dr Zyphur is part an insurgency against this idea. 塞弗博士是這一觀點(diǎn)逆流的一部分。 來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)
10 wrestled c9ba15a0ecfd0f23f9150f9c8be3b994
v.（與某人）搏斗( wrestle的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞 )；扭成一團(tuán)；扭打；（與…）摔跤
參考例句：
As a boy he had boxed and wrestled. 他小的時(shí)候又是打拳又是摔跤。
Armed guards wrestled with the intruder. 武裝警衛(wèi)和闖入者扭打起來(lái)。 來(lái)自《簡(jiǎn)明英漢詞典》
11 sect 1ZkxK
n.派別，宗教，學(xué)派，派系
參考例句：
When he was sixteen he joined a religious sect.他16歲的時(shí)候加入了一個(gè)宗教教派。
Each religious sect in the town had its own church.該城每一個(gè)宗教教派都有自己的教堂。
12 ongoing 6RvzT
adj.進(jìn)行中的，前進(jìn)的
參考例句：
The problem is ongoing.這個(gè)問(wèn)題尚未解決。
The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.報(bào)告中提出的問(wèn)題與“關(guān)心老人”組織在這方面正在做的工作有直接的關(guān)系。
13 insurgents c68be457307815b039a352428718de59
n.起義，*，造反( insurgent的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )
參考例句：
The regular troops of Baden joined the insurgents. 巴登的正規(guī)軍參加到起義軍方面來(lái)了。 來(lái)自《簡(jiǎn)明英漢詞典》
Against the Taliban and Iraqi insurgents, these problems are manageable. 要對(duì)付塔利班與伊拉克叛亂分子，這些問(wèn)題還是可以把握住的。 來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)
14 havens 4e10631e2b71bdedbb49b75173e0f818
n.港口，安全地方( haven的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )v.港口，安全地方( haven的第三人稱單數(shù) )
參考例句：
Your twenty havens would back out at the last minute anyhow. 你那二十個(gè)避難所到了最后一分鐘也要不認(rèn)帳。 來(lái)自辭典例句
Using offshore havens to avoid taxes and investor protections. 使用海面的港口避免稅和投資者保護(hù)。 來(lái)自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)
15 disperse ulxzL
vi.使分散；使消失；vt.分散；驅(qū)散
參考例句：
The cattle were swinging their tails to disperse the flies.那些牛甩動(dòng)著尾巴驅(qū)趕蒼蠅。
The children disperse for the holidays.孩子們放假了。
16 regenerating 0fd51be890ff4b873643d13907e3ab4f
v.新生，再生( regenerate的現(xiàn)在分詞 )；正反饋
參考例句：
It is not proposed to deal with the detailed histology of regenerating tissues here. 這里未提出詳細(xì)的再生組織的組織學(xué)。 來(lái)自辭典例句
This is accomplished by using a thermocompressor to recycle regenerating steam through the absorber. 它用熱壓機(jī)使再生蒸汽經(jīng)吸附器循環(huán)完成解吸過(guò)程。 來(lái)自辭典例句
17 frustration 4hTxj
n.挫折，失敗，失效，落空
參考例句：
He had to fight back tears of frustration.他不得不強(qiáng)忍住失意的淚水。
He beat his hands on the steering wheel in frustration.他沮喪地用手打了幾下方向盤(pán)。
18 rejection FVpxp
n.拒絕，被拒，拋棄，被棄
參考例句：
He decided not to approach her for fear of rejection.他因怕遭拒絕決定不再去找她。
The rejection plunged her into the dark depths of despair.遭到拒絕使她陷入了絕望的深淵。
19 analysts 167ff30c5034ca70abe2d60a6e760448
分析家，化驗(yàn)員( analyst的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )
參考例句：
City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 倫敦金融分析家預(yù)測(cè)今年的利潤(rùn)非常豐厚。
I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人員和分析人員的高素質(zhì)給我留下了深刻印象。
20 affiliates 8039227006b7ce850a1cb99be5471e50
附屬企業(yè)( affiliate的名詞復(fù)數(shù) )
參考例句：
She affiliates with an academic society. 她是某學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體的成員。
For example, these security affiliates participated in the floating of 19,000,000,000 of issues in 1927. 例如，這些證券發(fā)行機(jī)構(gòu)在1927年的流通證券中，就提供了一百九十億美元的證券。
21 publicity ASmxx
n.眾所周知，聞名；宣傳，廣告
參考例句：
The singer star's marriage got a lot of publicity.這位歌星的婚事引起了公眾的關(guān)注。
He dismissed the event as just a publicity gimmick.他不理會(huì)這件事，只當(dāng)它是一種宣傳手法。
22 helping 2rGzDc
n.食物的一份&adj.幫助人的，輔助的
參考例句：
The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可憐的孩子們總是要求我把我的漢堡包再給他們一份。
By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 這樣一來(lái), 他在某些時(shí)候,有助于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的加強(qiáng)。