Language tip
in a few days' time 此短語中的in是指“過若干時間”、“在……以后”,和將來時一起用,后接時間長度,如:I’ll be back in two hours. 我兩個小時之后回來(不可用after)。注意名詞的復(fù)數(shù)后的s’, 如:a ten minutes' rest 十分鐘的休息。His birthday is in two weeks’ time. 他生日還有兩周的時間。
separate ①形容詞,意思是“單獨的”、“各自的”: The children sleep in separate beds. ②動詞,后面常接介詞from,表示“使分開,使分離” : The two friends separated at the crossroads. 兩個朋友在十字路口分手了。It is not difficult to separate British English from American English. 區(qū)分英國英語和美國英語并不困難。
When are you going off to Guangzhou? 用進行時表示將來,通常是一些按計劃安排即將發(fā)生的動作,這樣的動詞有 go, come, stay, leave, arrive,start,die等,而且常用表示將來的時間狀語。如:I’m leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.
see sb. off 的意思是“送某人,給某人送行”,后面如果接代詞,則必須放在off前;若后接名詞,則既可在off前,也可在off后。如:He went to the station to see his friend off. 他去車站給朋友送行。
take表示“搭、乘(車、船)”,后面可接a taxi/a train/a bus等。如:I took a taxi to the station. 我搭出租車到車站。I'll take the next train to Liverpool. 我準(zhǔn)備搭下一班火車到利物浦。 Let's take the stairs. 我們走樓梯吧。
Do give her my regards. 助動詞do放在動詞原形前面,可以用于肯定句或祈使句,表示強調(diào),譯作“務(wù)必,一定,確實”。例如:Do remember the rules of the game! 一定要記住游戲規(guī)則!He does speak English well. 他的英語說得確實好。He did tell me that he would come. 他真的告訴過我他要來。
by train“乘火車”。by表示旅行的方式,后接交通工具。如:He'll take a taxi there.= He'll go there by taxi. 他將乘出租車去那兒。I go to school by bike, but my father goes to his office by car. 我騎車上學(xué),但我爸爸開車上班。注意:by 后面的名詞為單數(shù)且不用冠詞修飾。對比:I go to school on my bike.
say hi/hello to sb. 向某人問候。類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有:向某人告別 say Good-bye to sb., 向某人道歉 say sorry to sb.,拒絕我的計劃 say no to my plan 等。
The same to you. 是用在聽到對方良好祝愿之后的答語,在不同的交際場合表示不同的意義,大致意思就是“你也一樣…,同樣祝你…”。如:I wish you good luck! 祝你好運!The same to you. 也祝你好運。
guide作名詞時表示“向?qū)?,?dǎo)游,指南”,作動詞時意思是“為……帶路,指引”。如:The visitors need a guide to show them the city. 觀光者們需要一位導(dǎo)游領(lǐng)他們游覽這座城市。The boy will guide you to the top of the mountain. 這孩子將把你帶到山頂。
區(qū)別through與across。它們都是介詞,作“穿過”講,through的含義與in有關(guān),表示動作在某物體的空間內(nèi)進行;across的含義與on有關(guān),表示動作是在某物體的表面進行的。常用的搭配有:through the forest (valley, crowd, window, tunnel) 穿過樹林(山谷,人群,窗戶,隧道) across the river (plain, desert, sky, sea) 穿過河流(平原,沙漠,天空,海洋)
tie…to 意為“把……拴到……上”。如:Don't tie the horse to the tree. Tie it to the post. 別把馬拴到樹上,拴到柱子上。The robber tied the owner of the house to a chair. 那個強盜把房主綁在椅子上。
It is wrong to eat monkeys. “吃猴子是不對的”, 句首的it叫做形式主語,不定式短語to eat monkeys才是真正主語。為了避免頭重腳輕,英語中經(jīng)常用it作形式主語,而真正的主語通常為不定式,-ing形式或從句。如:It is impossible for me to finish so much work in such a short time. 在這么短的時間里完成這么多工作對于我來說是不可能的。It is no use quarrelling with him. 和他爭吵沒用處。It is necessary that you should speak English in and after class. 在課內(nèi)外說英語是必需的。
see sb. doing sth. 意思是“看見某人正在做某事”,強調(diào)看見某個動作正在進行;see sb. do sth.意為“看見某人做了某事”,強調(diào)看見了整個動作的過程,如:I saw him crossing the street now. 我看見他正在過馬路。I saw him cross the street. 我看見他過了馬路。
play one's guitar 表示“彈吉它”。樂器名詞之前常用定冠詞the或one’s, 如:play the piano 彈鋼琴。而表示球類的名詞前則不用,如:play basketball 打籃球。
be about to do sth. 表示“即將要做某事,正要做某事”,常與when連用,是一個固定的句型,意為“正要……這時突然……”,強調(diào)即將發(fā)生的動作。這里的when相當(dāng)于and then/and at that time 在那時。如: He is about to start. 他馬上就要動身了。I was about to leave when the telephone rang. 我正要出門,就在這時電話響了。
They can eat a person in two minutes, leaving only the bones. 現(xiàn)在分詞短語leaving only bones,在這里用作結(jié)果狀語,也就是說這些魚能把人吃掉,結(jié)果只剩一副骨架啦!又如:His father died, leaving her a lot of money.
take off 起飛,如:The plane took off very smoothly. 飛機很平穩(wěn)地起飛了。飛機降落用 land,如:The plane landed on the airport safely.
What a sad sight it was! 英語感嘆句的句型是:What(a) + 名詞 + 主語 + 謂語。當(dāng)句中的名詞是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時,what后要加a, 而如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時,則what后不加a,在口語中還常常省略it is。例如:What a lovely day (it is)! 多好的天啊!What silly questions you asked! 你提的問題多傻啊!感嘆句還有一個句型:How + 形容詞/副詞 + 主語 + 謂語,那么把文章中的這句話轉(zhuǎn)成這種句型應(yīng)該是:How sad the sight was! 再如:How beautiful she sang! 她唱得真好!How fast he is running.他跑得真快!
For miles and miles I could see nothing except a great fire and lots of smoke.這里的except也可以用but,表示“除了……之外”。不過跟在 nobody, none, nothing, nowhere等否定詞及疑問詞who, what之后時多用but; 而在all, every, everybody, everyone, everything 等詞后則通常用except。如:I looked everywhere except there. 除了那兒,我哪兒都看了。There’s nothing but a table in the room. 房間里只有一張桌子。Nobody but me knows him. 只有我才認(rèn)識他。
for miles and miles 是由介詞加名詞構(gòu)成的介詞短語,在句中作狀語用,表示強調(diào)。又如:for years and years 一連好幾年;for days and days 一連好幾天。
They can sell their beef at a high price in the capital. 介詞at 后面常接表示花費、比率、程度、水平、年齡、速度等詞,可以譯作“以,用”。如:at a high price 意思是“以高價”,at a low cost 就是“以低成本”, We drove at high speed. 我們以高的速度開車。The train was traveling at 100 kilometers an hour. 那火車以時速100公里行使。
move on的意思就是“繼續(xù)遷移,繼續(xù)前進”。介詞on表示動作的持續(xù),意思是“繼續(xù)”。例如:They walked on a little way without speaking. 他們朝前走了一段路,彼此都沒有說話。He talked on about his travel in the forest. 他繼續(xù)不停地講他在森林里的那次旅行。
They move on to a new place every two or three years. 在這里 every + 基數(shù)詞 + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞,表示“每…,每隔…”,every five days就是每五天。如:Take the medicine every four hours 每四個小時吃藥。They usually come home every two weeks. 他們通常每兩星期(每隔一星期)回家。另外,我們還可以用 every+序數(shù)詞+單數(shù)名詞 來表達同樣的意思,所以: every five days 也可寫成 every fifth day。又“隔天”是every other day.
destroy 毀滅、毀壞,如:The enemy destroyed the city. 敵人毀壞了這座城市。All the hopes were destroyed.所有的希望都破滅了。
be made from和be made of 之間的區(qū)別在于:be made from (由...制成) 制成品已經(jīng)變得看不出原料了,如課文中的土壤當(dāng)然不是樹葉的樣子。be made of 是指從制成品中仍然可以看出原料,例如:The bridge is made of stone. 這座橋是由石頭砌成的。The desk is made of wood. 這桌子是木制的。
sight ①情景;風(fēng)景John enjoyed seeing the sights in New York.?、谝暳?視野His sight was poor.他的視力很差。You must put it away somewhere out of my sight.你好把它放在我看不見的地方。