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冒號(hào),破折號(hào),分號(hào)及括號(hào)的使用與寫作風(fēng)格關(guān)系緊密,因此本章主要介紹它們的用法。本章很少涉及其它標(biāo)點(diǎn):如逗號(hào),句號(hào),連字符。下面,筆者對(duì)它們的用法以問答形式略談一二: 問:如果連續(xù)使用兩個(gè)形容詞,可用逗號(hào)分開它們嗎? 答:在"Singapore is a clean, friendly city state"一句中,逗號(hào)代替了"and"。 連續(xù)兩個(gè)形容詞同時(shí)修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí),可用逗號(hào)把它們隔開。但當(dāng)其中一個(gè)形容詞修飾另一形容詞時(shí),不需要用逗號(hào)隔開它們: On my way back home, I stared at the pale blue sky. 問:何時(shí)用連字符連接單詞? 答:1. 參見字典; 2. 參考the goal of preventing misreading一書。 3. 連字符常用于連接比較常用的復(fù)合詞,使之成為一詞。 air craft air-craft aircraft type setting type-setting typesetting screen play screen-play screenplay data base data-base database 采用連字符連接的兩個(gè)詞,意思可一目了然。例如,沒用連字符的合成詞light year,字面意思是一年比另一年不重要;加上連字符,我們就很清楚light-year是光年的意思。 通常,我們在處理名詞前兩個(gè)或多個(gè)詞的組合時(shí),可用連字符。 例:know-how ready-to-wear faster-than-expected production life-form state-of-the-art technology medium-range missiles 當(dāng)這一群詞用作形容詞時(shí),僅對(duì)它們所修飾的名詞之前的詞使用連字符。 It was a fast-paced city life. 即City life is fast paced. Bring me the up-to-date report. 即Bring me up to date. 還有,以"-ly"結(jié)尾的副詞不用連字符。 Wrong: We do not work with financially-unstable organizations. Correct: We do not work with financially unstable organizations. Wrong: We are required to attend all regularly-scheduled meetings. Correct: We are required to attend all regularly scheduled meetings. 問:你贊成省略縮略語的中間或末尾的句點(diǎn)嗎? 答:這是一個(gè)關(guān)于寫作風(fēng)格和品味的問題,有些編者對(duì)縮略語用句點(diǎn);有些則不用。用與不用取決于你。我的建議是,一旦你決定采用哪種方式,就不宜改變。 專有名詞中的句點(diǎn)應(yīng)該保留。
Correct(正) Also correct(正確) U.S.A. USA 10 p.m. 10 pm R.S.V.P. RSVP U.F.O. UFO 姓名之間的圓點(diǎn)應(yīng)予保留
Correct Not Correct J. F. Kennedy J F Kennedy 問:什么叫不分段句? 答:兩個(gè)完整的句子間僅用逗號(hào),或不用任何其它標(biāo)點(diǎn),這兩個(gè)句子叫做不分段句。 例: The air conditioner is broken, we must have it repaired as soon as possible. How to rid of run-on? Here are a few approaches: 有如下幾種方法可消除不分段句 。 The air conditioner is broken and has to be repaired as soon as possible. ?。ㄊ褂眠B詞"and") The air conditioner is broken; it has to be repaired as soon as possible. ?。ㄓ梅痔?hào)隔開這兩個(gè)句子) The air conditioner is broken. We must have it repaired as soon as possible. (用句號(hào)隔開這兩個(gè)句子)
冒號(hào),破折號(hào),分號(hào)及括號(hào)的使用與寫作風(fēng)格關(guān)系緊密,因此本章主要介紹它們的用法。本章很少涉及其它標(biāo)點(diǎn):如逗號(hào),句號(hào),連字符。下面,筆者對(duì)它們的用法以問答形式略談一二: 問:如果連續(xù)使用兩個(gè)形容詞,可用逗號(hào)分開它們嗎? 答:在"Singapore is a clean, friendly city state"一句中,逗號(hào)代替了"and"。 連續(xù)兩個(gè)形容詞同時(shí)修飾一個(gè)名詞時(shí),可用逗號(hào)把它們隔開。但當(dāng)其中一個(gè)形容詞修飾另一形容詞時(shí),不需要用逗號(hào)隔開它們: On my way back home, I stared at the pale blue sky. 問:何時(shí)用連字符連接單詞? 答:1. 參見字典; 2. 參考the goal of preventing misreading一書。 3. 連字符常用于連接比較常用的復(fù)合詞,使之成為一詞。 air craft air-craft aircraft type setting type-setting typesetting screen play screen-play screenplay data base data-base database 采用連字符連接的兩個(gè)詞,意思可一目了然。例如,沒用連字符的合成詞light year,字面意思是一年比另一年不重要;加上連字符,我們就很清楚light-year是光年的意思。 通常,我們在處理名詞前兩個(gè)或多個(gè)詞的組合時(shí),可用連字符。 例:know-how ready-to-wear faster-than-expected production life-form state-of-the-art technology medium-range missiles 當(dāng)這一群詞用作形容詞時(shí),僅對(duì)它們所修飾的名詞之前的詞使用連字符。 It was a fast-paced city life. 即City life is fast paced. Bring me the up-to-date report. 即Bring me up to date. 還有,以"-ly"結(jié)尾的副詞不用連字符。 Wrong: We do not work with financially-unstable organizations. Correct: We do not work with financially unstable organizations. Wrong: We are required to attend all regularly-scheduled meetings. Correct: We are required to attend all regularly scheduled meetings. 問:你贊成省略縮略語的中間或末尾的句點(diǎn)嗎? 答:這是一個(gè)關(guān)于寫作風(fēng)格和品味的問題,有些編者對(duì)縮略語用句點(diǎn);有些則不用。用與不用取決于你。我的建議是,一旦你決定采用哪種方式,就不宜改變。 專有名詞中的句點(diǎn)應(yīng)該保留。
Correct(正) Also correct(正確) U.S.A. USA 10 p.m. 10 pm R.S.V.P. RSVP U.F.O. UFO 姓名之間的圓點(diǎn)應(yīng)予保留
Correct Not Correct J. F. Kennedy J F Kennedy 問:什么叫不分段句? 答:兩個(gè)完整的句子間僅用逗號(hào),或不用任何其它標(biāo)點(diǎn),這兩個(gè)句子叫做不分段句。 例: The air conditioner is broken, we must have it repaired as soon as possible. How to rid of run-on? Here are a few approaches: 有如下幾種方法可消除不分段句 。 The air conditioner is broken and has to be repaired as soon as possible. ?。ㄊ褂眠B詞"and") The air conditioner is broken; it has to be repaired as soon as possible. ?。ㄓ梅痔?hào)隔開這兩個(gè)句子) The air conditioner is broken. We must have it repaired as soon as possible. (用句號(hào)隔開這兩個(gè)句子)