★以下是英文寫作翻譯頻道為大家整理的《大學(xué)英語議論文寫作技巧方法》，供大家參考。更多內(nèi)容請(qǐng)看本站寫作翻譯頻道。
舉例說明論點(diǎn)：
A welfare client is supposed to cheat. Everybody expects it. Faced with sharing a dinner of raw pet food with the cat, many people in wheelchairs I know bleed the system for a few extra dollars.(A general statement) They tell the government that they are getting two hundred dollars less than their real pension so they can get a little extra welfare money.(Example 1) Or, they tell the caseworker that the landlord raised the rent by a hundred dollars. (Example 2)
對(duì)比法：
Still, there’s little dispute that communications will be a key factor separating the winners from the losers. Consider Russia. Because of its strong educational system in mathematics and science, it should thrive in the information age. The problem is its national phone system is a rusting antique that dates from the 1930s.
Compare that with the mainland of China. Over the next decade, it plans to pour some $100 billion into telecommunications equipment. In a way, China’s condition is an advantage, because the expansion occurs just as new technologies are becoming cheaper than copper wire systems.
列舉法.
Normally there are three kinds of people who choose to live alone on purpose.(A general statement) The first group of people is artists. They believe in the inspiration in solitude. One of my friends is a writer. He enjoys the time when he is alone. He can stay up late to read and above all, concentrate on his writing without fear of being interrupted by others. On his wall he posts a quotation from Thoreau: “I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.”(List 1) The second group of people is hunters, who prefer to live by themselves. Hunters are afraid that too many people will frighten away their prey. (List 2)
一般到具體的演繹法.
Shanghai is a very busy and overcrowded city.(A general statement) There is a continuous noise of traffic in all the main streets; the traffic never seems to stop, even during the night.(Detail 1) The people in Shanghai always seem to be in a hurry. They appear to do everything in a rush, with an eye on the clock, as if they had only a short time to live.(Detail 2) The noise and rush is tiring, but you soon get used to it.(Detail 3)
具體到一般的歸納法：
One of the largest ships claimed by the mysterious triangle was a 500-foot coal ship that disappeared on March 4, 1918. Investigations revealed no evidence of bad weather, no messages for help, no wreckage and no sign of the 309 men aboard (Specific detail). Stranger yet are the numerous “ghost” ships that have been found floating crewless within the triangle. On one weird occasion in 1881, the cargo steamer Ellen Austin discovered a small sailing ship, sails waving uselessly in the wind. A look through the captain’s telescope showed no one on deck. The boat had a full cargo of timber, but there was no sign of human life. The captain of the Ellen Austin installed a new crew to sail it, but two days later, during a rough storm, the two ships temporarily lost sight of each other. When the captain again boarded the boat, he found his crew had disappeared. After a second crew was assigned, the ship was again lost in a fog bank. This time, no trace of the boat---or the crew---was ever found. (Specific detail)
Officially, the U.S. Navy does not recognize the triangle as a danger zone and is convinced that “the majority of disappearances [in the triangle] can be attributed to the unique features of the area’s environment.” (General Explanations)
因果關(guān)系論證法：
Iron deficiency is very common among women in general, affecting one in four female teenagers and one in five women aged 18 to 45, respectively. (Effect) But the ratio is even greater among active women, affecting up to 80 percent of female endurance athletes. This means, Lyle says, that “ too many women ignore the amount of iron they take in”. Women of child-bearing age are at greatest risk, since their risk by rejecting red meat, which contains the most easily absorbed form of iron. And because women often restrict their diet in an effort to control weight, they may not consume enough iron-rich food, and are liable to experience a deficiency. (Causes of iron deficiency in women)
提出問題到解決問題的分析論證法：
U.S. rose selling companies are threatened with the danger of being virtually chased out of business with imported roses at lower prices flowing into the country. (Problem)
To adapt to the changed conditions in the marketplace, the rose selling companies have moved overseas and have their own rose farms in some foreign countries to grow roses with low labor costs. At the same time, U.S. rose selling companies have begun to buy roses grown in other countries. They can also arrange delivery via overnight mail to anywhere in the country to bring better, fresher, and cheaper grown roses. In addition, as a replacement for lost rose sales, the companies are starting to sell other types of flowers. The companies have managed to survive amid severe foreign competition. (Solutions)
同時(shí)應(yīng)用多種方法論證：
If the evolutionary pressures of the marketplace are making EQ, not IQ, the hot ticket for business success, it seems likely that individuals will want to know how to cultivate it. I have a modest proposal: Embrace a highly personal practice aimed at improving these four skills:
Raising consciousness. I think of this as thinking differently on purpose. It’s about noticing what you are feeling and thinking and escaping the conditioned confines of one’s past. Raise your consciousness by catching yourself in the act of thinking as often as possible. Routinely take note of your emotions and ask if you’re facing facts or avoiding them.
Using imagery. This is what you see Olympic ski racers doing before entering the starting gate. With their eyes closed and bodies swaying, they run the course in their minds first, which improves their performance. You can do the same by setting aside time each day to dream with passion about what you want to achieve.
……
This paragraph clearly states that the author is going to list 4 skills to cultivate EQ. Then the author deals with 4 skills respectively, following the same pattern---from general to particular.
寫好一篇英語議論文,我們還要注意文章的組織、思想和語言。 但是, 我們應(yīng)首先熟悉寫作的文體、掌握寫好該文體的寫作方法,同時(shí)運(yùn)用豐富的英語語言知識(shí),才能寫出地道的英語議論文。
舉例說明論點(diǎn)：
A welfare client is supposed to cheat. Everybody expects it. Faced with sharing a dinner of raw pet food with the cat, many people in wheelchairs I know bleed the system for a few extra dollars.(A general statement) They tell the government that they are getting two hundred dollars less than their real pension so they can get a little extra welfare money.(Example 1) Or, they tell the caseworker that the landlord raised the rent by a hundred dollars. (Example 2)
對(duì)比法：
Still, there’s little dispute that communications will be a key factor separating the winners from the losers. Consider Russia. Because of its strong educational system in mathematics and science, it should thrive in the information age. The problem is its national phone system is a rusting antique that dates from the 1930s.
Compare that with the mainland of China. Over the next decade, it plans to pour some $100 billion into telecommunications equipment. In a way, China’s condition is an advantage, because the expansion occurs just as new technologies are becoming cheaper than copper wire systems.
列舉法.
Normally there are three kinds of people who choose to live alone on purpose.(A general statement) The first group of people is artists. They believe in the inspiration in solitude. One of my friends is a writer. He enjoys the time when he is alone. He can stay up late to read and above all, concentrate on his writing without fear of being interrupted by others. On his wall he posts a quotation from Thoreau: “I never found the companion that was so companionable as solitude.”(List 1) The second group of people is hunters, who prefer to live by themselves. Hunters are afraid that too many people will frighten away their prey. (List 2)
一般到具體的演繹法.
Shanghai is a very busy and overcrowded city.(A general statement) There is a continuous noise of traffic in all the main streets; the traffic never seems to stop, even during the night.(Detail 1) The people in Shanghai always seem to be in a hurry. They appear to do everything in a rush, with an eye on the clock, as if they had only a short time to live.(Detail 2) The noise and rush is tiring, but you soon get used to it.(Detail 3)
具體到一般的歸納法：
One of the largest ships claimed by the mysterious triangle was a 500-foot coal ship that disappeared on March 4, 1918. Investigations revealed no evidence of bad weather, no messages for help, no wreckage and no sign of the 309 men aboard (Specific detail). Stranger yet are the numerous “ghost” ships that have been found floating crewless within the triangle. On one weird occasion in 1881, the cargo steamer Ellen Austin discovered a small sailing ship, sails waving uselessly in the wind. A look through the captain’s telescope showed no one on deck. The boat had a full cargo of timber, but there was no sign of human life. The captain of the Ellen Austin installed a new crew to sail it, but two days later, during a rough storm, the two ships temporarily lost sight of each other. When the captain again boarded the boat, he found his crew had disappeared. After a second crew was assigned, the ship was again lost in a fog bank. This time, no trace of the boat---or the crew---was ever found. (Specific detail)
Officially, the U.S. Navy does not recognize the triangle as a danger zone and is convinced that “the majority of disappearances [in the triangle] can be attributed to the unique features of the area’s environment.” (General Explanations)
因果關(guān)系論證法：
Iron deficiency is very common among women in general, affecting one in four female teenagers and one in five women aged 18 to 45, respectively. (Effect) But the ratio is even greater among active women, affecting up to 80 percent of female endurance athletes. This means, Lyle says, that “ too many women ignore the amount of iron they take in”. Women of child-bearing age are at greatest risk, since their risk by rejecting red meat, which contains the most easily absorbed form of iron. And because women often restrict their diet in an effort to control weight, they may not consume enough iron-rich food, and are liable to experience a deficiency. (Causes of iron deficiency in women)
提出問題到解決問題的分析論證法：
U.S. rose selling companies are threatened with the danger of being virtually chased out of business with imported roses at lower prices flowing into the country. (Problem)
To adapt to the changed conditions in the marketplace, the rose selling companies have moved overseas and have their own rose farms in some foreign countries to grow roses with low labor costs. At the same time, U.S. rose selling companies have begun to buy roses grown in other countries. They can also arrange delivery via overnight mail to anywhere in the country to bring better, fresher, and cheaper grown roses. In addition, as a replacement for lost rose sales, the companies are starting to sell other types of flowers. The companies have managed to survive amid severe foreign competition. (Solutions)
同時(shí)應(yīng)用多種方法論證：
If the evolutionary pressures of the marketplace are making EQ, not IQ, the hot ticket for business success, it seems likely that individuals will want to know how to cultivate it. I have a modest proposal: Embrace a highly personal practice aimed at improving these four skills:
Raising consciousness. I think of this as thinking differently on purpose. It’s about noticing what you are feeling and thinking and escaping the conditioned confines of one’s past. Raise your consciousness by catching yourself in the act of thinking as often as possible. Routinely take note of your emotions and ask if you’re facing facts or avoiding them.
Using imagery. This is what you see Olympic ski racers doing before entering the starting gate. With their eyes closed and bodies swaying, they run the course in their minds first, which improves their performance. You can do the same by setting aside time each day to dream with passion about what you want to achieve.
……
This paragraph clearly states that the author is going to list 4 skills to cultivate EQ. Then the author deals with 4 skills respectively, following the same pattern---from general to particular.
寫好一篇英語議論文,我們還要注意文章的組織、思想和語言。 但是, 我們應(yīng)首先熟悉寫作的文體、掌握寫好該文體的寫作方法,同時(shí)運(yùn)用豐富的英語語言知識(shí),才能寫出地道的英語議論文。