一、強調形式
強調形式總共分成五大類：
1. 對動詞進行強調(do\does\did + V)
Sitting in front of the screen does damage the eye and physical posture of children.
Some people do believe that the overuse of chemicals (e.g. Fertilizers and pesticides) do pose a threat to the well-being of local people.
2. 雙重否定可表強調
We cannot deny that receiving the distance education is never without drawbacks.
It is not unrealistic for the government to reduce the amount of waste.
3. 比較狀語可表強調
Nothing is more important than to develop the children’s ability of learning on their own.
Students would have greater capability to deal with their academic life than those who do not have the gap year spent in working or travelling.
Nothing is more imperative than to learn from the past.
4. what引導的主從可表強調
What is related to the economic collapse is the failure of the government’s policies.
What really matters is cooperation.
5. 強調句型可表強調
It is/was + 被強調的成分 + that/who, 所強調的可以是單詞、短語，也可以是從句，但必須保證其結構完整。被強調的成分可以是主語、表語、賓語、同位語、狀語等，但不能是定語或謂語。
It is the government that should shoulder the responsibility to protect the endangered species.(對主語強調)
It is teachers who are competent to instruct their students to be a good social member.(對主語強調)
It is through job training that the young unemployed would have the opportunity to get jobs again.(對狀語強調)
It is the large company which the public think polluting the water supply.(對賓語進行強調)
注：強調句中的時態(tài)要根據(jù)原句的時態(tài)而定。即原句為過去某種時態(tài)，則強調句中的be就用過去時;原句為現(xiàn)在的某種時態(tài)，強調句中就用be的現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。有時還可以用It might be/must have been/can’t be…that等句式。
例句：
It is because people are stuck in the traffic that they spend longer time in travelling.
It might be the lack of guidance of parents that leads to the going astray of young people.
強調句的判斷：強調句型可以通過“還原法”來進行判斷，若刪除強調句型結構后，句子能還原為一個完整的句子，就是強調句。強調句可以看作是用固定的表達-It is/was…that (which, who, whom, where, when)…, 將句子的某個成分(除了謂語)進行重點強調。但是，去掉這個固定的句型部分，句子本身并無任何變化。
二、倒裝形式
倒裝共分兩類：全部倒裝和部分倒裝。全部倒裝是指將全部謂語動詞都放在主語之前。部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞，系動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞，則需添加助動詞do, does或did, 并將其放在主語之前。
A. 全部倒裝：把全部謂語放在主語前。
1. there be句型(特殊的全部倒裝句型)
There be…是一種較為常見的句子結構，通常用于表達“某地有某人或某物”，在使用此句型結構時，應注意下列問題：
1) 主謂一致
例句：
There is little opportunity for children to stay at home until the age of 7 because their parents are both working.
There are many reasons why we should not slaughter animals for their fur or leather.
2) be動詞可以是任何時間狀態(tài)
例句：
There have been many government which invest a large sum of money in researching the space.
There has been a discussion over whether children should be sent to school at a young age.
3) 在There be結構中除了運用動詞be之外，還可以用seem, appear, happen, exist等。在這種句型中，謂語的單復數(shù)形式根據(jù)靠近謂語的主語而定。
例句：
There seemed to be no permanent solution to the disappearance of minority languages and cultures.
2. there \ here \ now \ then放在句首時，句子進行全部倒裝。
Now is the time to realize the seriousness of this problem and take actions immediately.
3. 方位狀語開頭時，句子進行全部倒裝。
On the internet are provided all kinds of entertainment activities.
In books are embalmed the greatest thoughts of all ages.
4. 主語與表語互換位置(當主語過長而表語過短時，可以把主語與表語互換位置從而構成全部倒裝)
Well-known is that energy crisis poses a threat to the society.
Important is that the government raises people’s awareness of the environmental protection.
5. 伴隨狀語開頭(With或Along with放在句首時，句子應該全部倒裝)
Along with the population expansion comes the housing shortage in big cities.
With globalization have come many problems.
B. 部分倒裝：只將情態(tài)動詞、助動詞或系動詞放在主語前
1. only +單詞、詞組、狀語從句位于句首，句子進行部分倒裝。
Only in this way can we deal with the unemployment of young people.
Only through education can we rise in the world.
2. 以否定意義狀語開頭，句子進行部分倒裝。
Never has this topic failed to fascinate people.
3. neither nor開頭，句子進行部分倒裝。
The financial incentive is not the only factor in encouraging employees, neither is a higher position.
Economic success is not the only factor in achieving happiness, neither is social status.
4. so開頭，句子進行部分倒裝。
The average people need privacy. So does the sports player.
Success teaches us something about ourselves. So does failure.
5. 讓步狀語從句由though或as引導時可用倒裝，將表語放在句子最前面。
Convenient as the tele-education is, it cannot replace the traditional education as the mainstream form of education.
6. so that引導的結果狀語從句可用倒裝。
So common is the phenomenon that we should adopt harsh measures to resolve it.
強調形式總共分成五大類：
1. 對動詞進行強調(do\does\did + V)
Sitting in front of the screen does damage the eye and physical posture of children.
Some people do believe that the overuse of chemicals (e.g. Fertilizers and pesticides) do pose a threat to the well-being of local people.
2. 雙重否定可表強調
We cannot deny that receiving the distance education is never without drawbacks.
It is not unrealistic for the government to reduce the amount of waste.
3. 比較狀語可表強調
Nothing is more important than to develop the children’s ability of learning on their own.
Students would have greater capability to deal with their academic life than those who do not have the gap year spent in working or travelling.
Nothing is more imperative than to learn from the past.
4. what引導的主從可表強調
What is related to the economic collapse is the failure of the government’s policies.
What really matters is cooperation.
5. 強調句型可表強調
It is/was + 被強調的成分 + that/who, 所強調的可以是單詞、短語，也可以是從句，但必須保證其結構完整。被強調的成分可以是主語、表語、賓語、同位語、狀語等，但不能是定語或謂語。
It is the government that should shoulder the responsibility to protect the endangered species.(對主語強調)
It is teachers who are competent to instruct their students to be a good social member.(對主語強調)
It is through job training that the young unemployed would have the opportunity to get jobs again.(對狀語強調)
It is the large company which the public think polluting the water supply.(對賓語進行強調)
注：強調句中的時態(tài)要根據(jù)原句的時態(tài)而定。即原句為過去某種時態(tài)，則強調句中的be就用過去時;原句為現(xiàn)在的某種時態(tài)，強調句中就用be的現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。有時還可以用It might be/must have been/can’t be…that等句式。
例句：
It is because people are stuck in the traffic that they spend longer time in travelling.
It might be the lack of guidance of parents that leads to the going astray of young people.
強調句的判斷：強調句型可以通過“還原法”來進行判斷，若刪除強調句型結構后，句子能還原為一個完整的句子，就是強調句。強調句可以看作是用固定的表達-It is/was…that (which, who, whom, where, when)…, 將句子的某個成分(除了謂語)進行重點強調。但是，去掉這個固定的句型部分，句子本身并無任何變化。
二、倒裝形式
倒裝共分兩類：全部倒裝和部分倒裝。全部倒裝是指將全部謂語動詞都放在主語之前。部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞，系動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞，則需添加助動詞do, does或did, 并將其放在主語之前。
A. 全部倒裝：把全部謂語放在主語前。
1. there be句型(特殊的全部倒裝句型)
There be…是一種較為常見的句子結構，通常用于表達“某地有某人或某物”，在使用此句型結構時，應注意下列問題：
1) 主謂一致
例句：
There is little opportunity for children to stay at home until the age of 7 because their parents are both working.
There are many reasons why we should not slaughter animals for their fur or leather.
2) be動詞可以是任何時間狀態(tài)
例句：
There have been many government which invest a large sum of money in researching the space.
There has been a discussion over whether children should be sent to school at a young age.
3) 在There be結構中除了運用動詞be之外，還可以用seem, appear, happen, exist等。在這種句型中，謂語的單復數(shù)形式根據(jù)靠近謂語的主語而定。
例句：
There seemed to be no permanent solution to the disappearance of minority languages and cultures.
2. there \ here \ now \ then放在句首時，句子進行全部倒裝。
Now is the time to realize the seriousness of this problem and take actions immediately.
3. 方位狀語開頭時，句子進行全部倒裝。
On the internet are provided all kinds of entertainment activities.
In books are embalmed the greatest thoughts of all ages.
4. 主語與表語互換位置(當主語過長而表語過短時，可以把主語與表語互換位置從而構成全部倒裝)
Well-known is that energy crisis poses a threat to the society.
Important is that the government raises people’s awareness of the environmental protection.
5. 伴隨狀語開頭(With或Along with放在句首時，句子應該全部倒裝)
Along with the population expansion comes the housing shortage in big cities.
With globalization have come many problems.
B. 部分倒裝：只將情態(tài)動詞、助動詞或系動詞放在主語前
1. only +單詞、詞組、狀語從句位于句首，句子進行部分倒裝。
Only in this way can we deal with the unemployment of young people.
Only through education can we rise in the world.
2. 以否定意義狀語開頭，句子進行部分倒裝。
Never has this topic failed to fascinate people.
3. neither nor開頭，句子進行部分倒裝。
The financial incentive is not the only factor in encouraging employees, neither is a higher position.
Economic success is not the only factor in achieving happiness, neither is social status.
4. so開頭，句子進行部分倒裝。
The average people need privacy. So does the sports player.
Success teaches us something about ourselves. So does failure.
5. 讓步狀語從句由though或as引導時可用倒裝，將表語放在句子最前面。
Convenient as the tele-education is, it cannot replace the traditional education as the mainstream form of education.
6. so that引導的結果狀語從句可用倒裝。
So common is the phenomenon that we should adopt harsh measures to resolve it.