新概念英語第三冊語法精粹(四):虛擬語氣

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1. 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬:
    If did / were ..., ... would
    should
    could do (動詞原形)
    might
    If I were you, I would go abroad at once. (I am not you.)
    If he knew it now, he could help me. (He doesn't know it now.)
    2. 與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬:
    If had done ..., ... would (might) have done ...
    If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have phoned you.
    (I didn't know your telephone number.)
    If you had come here a littleearlier just now, you might have met her.
    (You didn't come here earlier.)
    3. 與將來事實(shí)相反的虛擬:
    (1) If should v., ... would v.
    (可能性很小)(譯作“萬一”)
    If it should rain tomorrow, you could stay at home.
    If I should fail, what should Ido?
    (2) If did / were to v ..., would v.
    (完全不可能)
    If the sun were to rise in the west, I would lend you the money.
    If you finished it in 3 minutes, I would give you my car.
    4. 金牌特殊重點(diǎn):!!
    [簡單聯(lián)想記憶]:
    ● 下列動詞后的“賓語從句”中需要用虛擬形式,即should 動詞原形,shoud在美國英語中要省略(TOEFL語法考點(diǎn))。此類常見的動詞有:order, ask, decide, demand, require, recommend, suggest(建議)insist(堅(jiān)決要求),advise, etc.
    例句:He suggested that we (should) help them with English.
    The teacher ordered that the homework (should) be finished within half an hour.
    ● 下列名詞后的同位語從句中要用“should 動詞原形”(should可省去)的虛擬。
    suggestion, order, request, demand, importance, proposal.
    He made a suggestion that we (should) have a fancy dress party.
    I think it is a thing of importance that it (should) be done soon.
    ● It is / was important / necessary / natural / essential / advisable / strange / surprising, ect. that 主語 should v.
    It is strange that you should say such a thing.
    It was important that you should tell me all the information.
    ● wish后的賓語從句中,as if 后的狀語從句中,須用下列的虛擬形式:
    主 wish (that) 主 did / were(指現(xiàn)在)
    haddone(指過去)
    would v.(指將來)
    Iwishthat I met my uncle now.
    IwishI had met my uncle yesterday.
    IwishI could meet my uncle tomorrow.
    ● It is (high) time that ... did / were ...
    It is time that you went to bed.
    ● would rather that ... did / were ...
    I would rather that you were not here now.
    ● would sooner that ... did / were ...
    I would sooner that you got up earlier.
    I would sooner that you were not my brother.