6-5. On the village green, where you pick up sides and no feeling of local patriotism is involved, it is possible to play simply for the fun and exercise: but as soon as a the question of prestige arises, as soon as you feel that you and some larger unit will be disgraced if you lose, the most savage combative instincts are aroused.
【譯文】在鄉(xiāng)間的草坪上，當(dāng)你隨意為雙方鼓勁，并且不涉及任何地方情緒時(shí)，那才可能是單純的為了娛樂(lè)和鍛煉而進(jìn)行比賽?？墒且涣可婕暗綐s譽(yù)問(wèn)題，一旦你想到你和某一團(tuán)體會(huì)因?yàn)槟爿敹鴣G臉時(shí)，那么最野蠻的爭(zhēng)斗天性便會(huì)被激發(fā)。
【講解】the fun and exercise中fun和exercise被視為整體看待，所以才共用一個(gè)定冠詞the。
【單詞和短語(yǔ)】
patriotism：愛(ài)國(guó)主義，另掌握patriot（愛(ài)國(guó)者）和patriotic（愛(ài)國(guó)的）兩詞。
6-6. Anyone who has played even in a school football match knows this.
【譯文】即使是僅參加過(guò)學(xué)校足球賽的人也有這種體會(huì)。
【講解】who has played even in a school football match系定語(yǔ)從句，修飾anyone。
6-7. At the international level, sport is frankly mimic warfare.
【譯文】在國(guó)際比賽中，體育簡(jiǎn)直是模擬戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
【講解】at the international level作狀語(yǔ)，直譯為“在國(guó)際水平上”。
【單詞和短語(yǔ)】
frankly：坦白地，直率地；不加掩飾地（used to show that you are really think about sth.），
例如：
He frankly admitted his error. 他坦率地承認(rèn)了自己的錯(cuò)誤。
mimic：模擬的（to behave or operate in exactly the same way as sth. or sb. else）。
6-8. But the significant thing is not the behaviour of the players but the attitude of the spectators: and, behind the spectators, of the nations who work themselves into furies over these absurd contests, and seriously believe—at any rate for short periods—that running, jumping and kicking a ball are tests of national virtue.
【譯文】但是，令人感到意味深長(zhǎng)的不是運(yùn)動(dòng)員的表現(xiàn)，而是觀眾的態(tài)度，以及觀眾身后各個(gè)國(guó)家的態(tài)度。
面對(duì)著這些荒唐的比賽，參賽的各個(gè)國(guó)家會(huì)如癡如狂，甚至煞有介事地相信——至少在短期內(nèi)如此——跑跑、跳跳、踢踢球都是對(duì)一個(gè)國(guó)家品德素質(zhì)的檢驗(yàn)。
【講解】and, behind the spectators, of the nations…are tests of national virtue是對(duì)But the significant thing…the attitude of the spectators的引申。
當(dāng)句子后有表示說(shuō)明，解釋、引申的內(nèi)容時(shí)用冒號(hào)。behind spectators作定語(yǔ)，修飾nations，前置是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)。of the nations前省略了the attitude。work和believe是定語(yǔ)從句中的并列謂語(yǔ)。
at any rate for short periods作插入語(yǔ)，句中的兩個(gè)破折號(hào)隔開(kāi)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的插入語(yǔ)。that running, jumping…national virtue作believe的賓語(yǔ)。句首的but作“但是”解，但句中的not…but…則作“不是……而是……”解。
not…but…連接兩個(gè)并列名詞behaviour和attitude，but后面可以說(shuō)省略了it（the significant thing）is。
【單詞和短語(yǔ)】
absurd：荒謬的，荒唐的；滑稽可笑的（completely stupid or unreasonable），名詞形式為absurdity，
例如：
The idea that the number 8 brings good luck is absurd.
認(rèn)為數(shù)字8能帶來(lái)好運(yùn)的想法愚蠢可笑。
【譯文】在鄉(xiāng)間的草坪上，當(dāng)你隨意為雙方鼓勁，并且不涉及任何地方情緒時(shí)，那才可能是單純的為了娛樂(lè)和鍛煉而進(jìn)行比賽?？墒且涣可婕暗綐s譽(yù)問(wèn)題，一旦你想到你和某一團(tuán)體會(huì)因?yàn)槟爿敹鴣G臉時(shí)，那么最野蠻的爭(zhēng)斗天性便會(huì)被激發(fā)。
【講解】the fun and exercise中fun和exercise被視為整體看待，所以才共用一個(gè)定冠詞the。
【單詞和短語(yǔ)】
patriotism：愛(ài)國(guó)主義，另掌握patriot（愛(ài)國(guó)者）和patriotic（愛(ài)國(guó)的）兩詞。
6-6. Anyone who has played even in a school football match knows this.
【譯文】即使是僅參加過(guò)學(xué)校足球賽的人也有這種體會(huì)。
【講解】who has played even in a school football match系定語(yǔ)從句，修飾anyone。
6-7. At the international level, sport is frankly mimic warfare.
【譯文】在國(guó)際比賽中，體育簡(jiǎn)直是模擬戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
【講解】at the international level作狀語(yǔ)，直譯為“在國(guó)際水平上”。
【單詞和短語(yǔ)】
frankly：坦白地，直率地；不加掩飾地（used to show that you are really think about sth.），
例如：
He frankly admitted his error. 他坦率地承認(rèn)了自己的錯(cuò)誤。
mimic：模擬的（to behave or operate in exactly the same way as sth. or sb. else）。
6-8. But the significant thing is not the behaviour of the players but the attitude of the spectators: and, behind the spectators, of the nations who work themselves into furies over these absurd contests, and seriously believe—at any rate for short periods—that running, jumping and kicking a ball are tests of national virtue.
【譯文】但是，令人感到意味深長(zhǎng)的不是運(yùn)動(dòng)員的表現(xiàn)，而是觀眾的態(tài)度，以及觀眾身后各個(gè)國(guó)家的態(tài)度。
面對(duì)著這些荒唐的比賽，參賽的各個(gè)國(guó)家會(huì)如癡如狂，甚至煞有介事地相信——至少在短期內(nèi)如此——跑跑、跳跳、踢踢球都是對(duì)一個(gè)國(guó)家品德素質(zhì)的檢驗(yàn)。
【講解】and, behind the spectators, of the nations…are tests of national virtue是對(duì)But the significant thing…the attitude of the spectators的引申。
當(dāng)句子后有表示說(shuō)明，解釋、引申的內(nèi)容時(shí)用冒號(hào)。behind spectators作定語(yǔ)，修飾nations，前置是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)。of the nations前省略了the attitude。work和believe是定語(yǔ)從句中的并列謂語(yǔ)。
at any rate for short periods作插入語(yǔ)，句中的兩個(gè)破折號(hào)隔開(kāi)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的插入語(yǔ)。that running, jumping…national virtue作believe的賓語(yǔ)。句首的but作“但是”解，但句中的not…but…則作“不是……而是……”解。
not…but…連接兩個(gè)并列名詞behaviour和attitude，but后面可以說(shuō)省略了it（the significant thing）is。
【單詞和短語(yǔ)】
absurd：荒謬的，荒唐的；滑稽可笑的（completely stupid or unreasonable），名詞形式為absurdity，
例如：
The idea that the number 8 brings good luck is absurd.
認(rèn)為數(shù)字8能帶來(lái)好運(yùn)的想法愚蠢可笑。