一、命題指導(dǎo)思想
中考是義務(wù)教育階段的終結(jié)性考試，其結(jié)果既是衡量學(xué)生是否達(dá)到畢業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的主要依據(jù)，也是高中階段學(xué)校招生的重要依據(jù)之一。2016年中考英語試題既要體現(xiàn)初中義務(wù)教育階段的基礎(chǔ)性，又要體現(xiàn)與社會(huì)實(shí)際和學(xué)生生活的聯(lián)系，考查學(xué)生在具體情境中綜合運(yùn)用語言的能力，確保試題的區(qū)分度和信度，發(fā)揮試卷畢業(yè)、升學(xué)雙重功能。
二、命題依據(jù)和范圍
2016年中考英語試題將以國(guó)家教育部義務(wù)教育《英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（2011年版）和2016年中考英語科考試大綱為命題依據(jù)，以義務(wù)教育教科書《英語》七年級(jí)上冊(cè)至九年級(jí)下冊(cè)的內(nèi)容為命題范圍。
三、考試內(nèi)容和要求
根據(jù)義務(wù)教育《英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（2011年版）中所規(guī)定的五級(jí)目標(biāo)要求（初中畢業(yè)要求），兼顧高中階段學(xué)校招生的需要，2016年中考英語試題將立足基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，注重運(yùn)用，著重考查學(xué)生聽、說、讀、寫等四種英語語言技能的綜合實(shí)踐能力以及靈活運(yùn)用語言知識(shí)的能力。
（一）語言知識(shí)
要求考生掌握并能運(yùn)用包括語音、詞匯、語法的英語語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)以及用于表達(dá)常見話題和功能（參見《課標(biāo)》附錄）的語言形式等，要求詞匯量為1500~1600（參見《課標(biāo)》附錄及《初中畢業(yè)升學(xué)考試指導(dǎo) 英語》附錄）。
（二）語言運(yùn)用
1．聽力
要求考生能聽懂有關(guān)日常生活中所熟悉話題的對(duì)話和簡(jiǎn)短獨(dú)白?？忌鷳?yīng)能：
1）根據(jù)語調(diào)和重音理解說話者的意圖；
2）聽懂有關(guān)熟悉話題的談話，并能從中提取信息和觀點(diǎn)；
3）借助語境克服生詞障礙、了解大意；
4）聽懂接近正常語速的故事和記敘文，理解故事的因果關(guān)系。
2．說
要求考生能朗讀短文和連續(xù)說話。考生應(yīng)能：
1）比較連貫地朗讀所學(xué)課文或難度略低于所學(xué)語言材料的短文；
2）根據(jù)情景提示用語回答問題；
3）就熟悉話題，根據(jù)所提供的信息，說一段話，不少于7句；
4）在以上口語活動(dòng)中語音、語調(diào)自然，語氣恰當(dāng)。
3．閱讀
要求考生能讀懂常見體裁的簡(jiǎn)短文字材料，例如公告、說明、廣告以及書、報(bào)、雜志中關(guān)于一般性話題的簡(jiǎn)短文章。考生應(yīng)能：
1）根據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法推斷、理解生詞的含義；
2）理解主旨要義及段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系；
3）獲取、理解事實(shí)性的具體信息；
4）根據(jù)文中事實(shí)和線索，做出簡(jiǎn)單的判斷；
5）在閱讀過程中獲取并記錄簡(jiǎn)單信息；
6）根據(jù)所讀，用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~補(bǔ)全文章提綱、主要內(nèi)容或作關(guān)鍵詞詞語轉(zhuǎn)換。
4．寫作
要求考生根據(jù)文字、圖表或圖畫等信息提示進(jìn)行書面表達(dá)?？忌鷳?yīng)能：
使用常見的詞匯、句型和語法，比較清楚、連貫、準(zhǔn)確地用英語進(jìn)行表達(dá)。
四、考試形式與試卷結(jié)構(gòu)
（一）答卷方式：聽力口語部分為自動(dòng)化考試；筆試部分為閉卷考試。
（二）考試時(shí)間：聽力口語20分鐘；筆試120分鐘。
（三）試卷分?jǐn)?shù)：聽力口語滿分30分；筆試卷面滿分120分。
（四）試題難易比例：試卷包括容易題、中等題和難題，其比例為6：3：1，總難度系數(shù)為0.70左右。
（五）筆試部分試卷整體結(jié)構(gòu)、題型、題量、分值等（命題時(shí)可根據(jù)實(shí)際情況對(duì)題號(hào)順序作微調(diào)）：
|
題 類 |
題 號(hào) |
題 型 |
題 量 |
計(jì) 分 |
|
選擇題 （60分） |
一 |
單項(xiàng)選擇 |
15 |
15 |
|
二 |
完形填空 |
15 |
15 | |
|
三 |
閱讀理解 |
15 |
30 | |
|
非選擇題 （60分） |
四 |
閱讀表達(dá) |
5 |
10 |
|
五 |
任務(wù)型閱讀 |
10 |
10 | |
|
六 |
詞匯運(yùn)用 |
10 |
10 | |
|
七 |
短文填空 |
10 |
10 | |
|
八 |
書面表達(dá) |
1 |
20 | |
|
合計(jì) |
|
|
80+1 |
120 |
五、典型題型示例
閱讀表達(dá)
閱讀下面的短文，并根據(jù)短文后的要求答題。
What is the most common substance on earth? It isn’t wood, iron, or sand. It is water. Water covers more than seventy percent of the earth’s surface. It is in lakes, rivers, and oceans. It is in the ground and in the air. It is actually everywhere.
What is important because life on earth could not live without it. People, animals, and plants all need water. Every living thing is mostly water. A people’s body is about sixty-seven percent water. A bird is about seventy-five percent water. Most fruit is about ninety-percent water.
Most of the water in the world is saltwater. Ninety-seven percent of the water on earth is in the oceans. Because seawater is salty, people cannot drink it or use it to grow plants for food. Only three percent of the earth’s water is fresh. Only one percent of the water in the world is easily available for human use.
Even though water is very important and necessary to life, people often pollute it. When water pollution becomes worse, all living things will be in danger. So we must take care of water.
回答下面5個(gè)問題，每題答案不超過4個(gè)詞。
1. What is the most important substance on earth?
2. What percentage of water is there in the human body?
3. Where is ninety-seven percent of the water on earth?
4. Why can’t people drink or use seawater?
5. What should we do?
任務(wù)型閱讀
閱讀下面短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~（每個(gè)空格只填1個(gè)單詞）。
There are many things you can do to improve your memory. Among them are many kinds of main ways as well as taking care of your health specially.
It is important that you make yourself excited to make your memory more active. You can do this by joining in some new activities and by changing your daily habits. Learning a new skill helps your brain to develop. When trying to remember something, you should pay special attention to the most important things about it. Do not allow other thoughts to enter your mind because this will reduce your chances of making right memories. An excellent way to help memory is to connect information with pictures. Try to see the pictures in your mind. Taking notes and keeping a diary will also be helpful.
Healthy food and plenty of vitamins are necessary for your memory to work well. Drinking a lot of water also helps keep your memory. You must allow your brain to have enough sleep and rest. When you are asleep, your brain stores memory. Not having enough sleep can cause problems with storing information. And being tired will also stop you from being able to think clearly and well. In order to keep your mind on your work, you must be free from worry. Generally keeping fit and normal health checks are both important as well—not just for improving your memory.
|
Title |
How to 1)________ your memory |
|
Main 2)______ |
Making yourself 3)_______ to make your memory more active. |
|
Learning a new skill is 4)_________ for you to develop your brain. | |
|
Paying attention to the most important things 5)______you try to remember something. | |
|
Connecting information with some 6)_______ . | |
|
Taking notes and keeping 7)________ . | |
|
Other ways |
Eating 8)________food and taking plenty of vitamins. |
|
Drinking a lot of water . | |
|
Having enough sleep and rest to 9)______ you thinking clearly and well. | |
|
10)__________ free from worry. |