Spot Dictation
In America there are no nobles or men of letters, and the common folk mistrust the wealthy; Consequently lawyers form the highest political class and the most cultivated circle of society. They have therefore nothing to gain by innovation, which adds a conservative interest to their natural taste for public order. If I were asked where I place the American aristocracy, I should reply without hesitation that it is not composed of the rich, who are united together by no common tie, but that it occupies the judicial bench and the bar.
When I started researching this topic, I found an interesting website “Legal Reform Now”. As the name suggests, this website is devoted to legal reform and it is definitely concerned about the dominance of lawyers in American government. There I read an article by a political science professor from the university of Wisconsin. One observation the UW article confirms is that the legal profession is the dominant profession of the people re-elect to public office. For example, about half our representatives and two-thirds of our senators are lawyers. No other profession comes close to having the same the number of people in political office. Effectively, lawyers form our nation’s most powerful organized political constituency in America. Lawyers make our laws and lawyers interpret our laws. When judges are appointed, the American bar association is the only professional organization that is consulted to rate the fitness of potential judicial appointees. Our nation has been in existence for over 200 years and lawyers have been this nation’s aristocracy since its formation. Our system works, but do we really want to have a single profession in charge of our nation? Specifically, do we want to have the legal profession in charge? Next time you vote, that’s something to think about.
評(píng)析：這篇文章是關(guān)于律師在美國(guó)的地位。律師組成了美國(guó)高政治階層，以及社會(huì)具有教養(yǎng)的圈子。緊接著作者提到了律師在美國(guó)政府中占據(jù)統(tǒng)治地位，且自建國(guó)以來(lái)一直如此。因此律師就成了美國(guó)的“貴族”。后作者提出問(wèn)題“我們真的想讓律師這個(gè)職業(yè)來(lái)管理我們的國(guó)家嗎?”，呼吁選民在下次的選舉投票中三思。
這篇聽(tīng)力材料政治色彩強(qiáng)，材料中的部分單詞可能會(huì)給考生帶來(lái)聽(tīng)辨和拼寫(xiě)的難度。難度較大。
cultivated adj 有教養(yǎng)的
innovation n.創(chuàng)新
conservative adj. 保守的
be composed of 由…組成
bench the bar 法官和律師
dominance n 統(tǒng)治地位
representatives n.眾議員
senator n 參議員
aristocracy n 貴族
Talks and Conversations 1：
WOMAN: Good morning. Mr. Papworth Smith’s surgery.
MAN: Hello, this is William Brown speaking.
WOMAN: Yes, what can I do for you?
MAN: I had an appointment with Mr. Papworth Smith at 10 o’clock this morning, the name is William Brown, and the registration number is 12.
WOMAN: Well, I have found your case history and the registration. You have a broken tooth that needs to be taken care of, right?
MAN: Yes, but I’m sorry, my car broke down on the way, and the guy in the garage said it wouldn’t be ready until about two in the afternoon, and there is no way I can find a taxi or a lift. I am calling from the garage.
WOMAN: You mean you couldn’t keep the appointment?
MAN: I’m afraid not. Can I still see Mr. Smith some other time?
WOMAN: Of course, but you need to make another appointment.
MAN: When? I hope it is today or tomorrow. That broken tooth of mine is really killing me; I can’t eat or sleep properly.
WOMAN: I see, well, what about tomorrow at nine.
MAN: Oh, that’s fine, thank you very much.
11. Why was the man telephoning?
12. What is Mr. Papworth Smith?
13. At what time was the man’s appointment that day?
14. Which of the following is true about the man?
評(píng)析：這是個(gè)關(guān)于和醫(yī)生與時(shí)間會(huì)診的通話。病人打電話說(shuō)因?yàn)檐噳牧瞬荒馨丛ê玫臅r(shí)間(10 o’clock this morning)履約，但是病人牙痛確實(shí)厲害，想和醫(yī)生另約時(shí)間。后雙方約定時(shí)間(tomorrow at nine)。整片材料內(nèi)容較簡(jiǎn)單，考生需要熟悉電話交際語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)，并做好相關(guān)信息的筆錄。
Talks and Conversations 2
According to the United Nations, a tourist is someone who travels at least 50 miles or 80 kilometers for recreation. In the United States, people love to take trips. They spend more on vacation than anyone else in the world. Many of them take package tours; however, the first vacation package was attributed to an Englishman, names Thomas Cook. In 1841, he took 500 travelers to a nearby town. The price of the tour included a train ticket and a meal along the way. In 1845, Thomas Cook sold the first vacation package tour to Europe. And 1866, his company was organizing trips to the U.S. Today, tourism is a big business. And the tourist industry is crucial to many countries’ economy. It is estimated that 80% of jobs in the world, that’s more than 200 million people depend on tourism. Some local governments, like the British Virgin Islands in the Caribbean, are almost totally depended on visitors. About 95% of the islands income comes from tourism. For other places in the world, tourism is ever growing. It is estimated that by the year 2015, people worldwide will spend some five thousand billion U.S. dollars for vacation abroad. Regions in Asia, the Pacific, the Middle East, and Africa will see the greatest growth.
Q15 What is a package tour?
Q16 According to the talk, who first introduced the package tour?
Q17 Which of the following is true about the British Virgin Islands?
Q18 How much will be spent by people worldwide on vacation in abroad by the year 2015?
本文是說(shuō)明文，介紹了跟“旅游”相關(guān)的諸多內(nèi)容。涉及到旅游的定義，旅游的發(fā)展歷史;旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)在的情況以及對(duì)2015年旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的推測(cè)。文章本身沒(méi)有特別生僻的詞，但其中涉及到的人名(Thomas Cook)、年份、金額、比例等等是筆記的難點(diǎn)也是考點(diǎn)。
Talks and Conversations 3
W：When are you going to finish that book on American history?
M： Oh, I should get through it sometime this weekend, I guess. Anyway, it was only a week since I borrowed that book from you.
W：Well, if you finish it tonight, I can take it back to the library tomorrow on my way home from work.
M： What’s the hurry? Don’t you have anything else to read?
W：I won’t have anything if I don’t get to the library tomorrow.
M： You read too much.
W：I’d rather read than watch television. The TV programs seem to be getting worse all the time.
M： Well, I don’t think I can read that fast, but I do enjoy reading, especially novels and biographies or the like.
W：What do you think about joining a book club? If we join one, we can keep up with all the latest best-sellers.
M： That’s sort of expensive, isn’t it?
W： It isn’t any more expensive than going to a movie, the way admission prices have gone up, and the new movies don’t seem to be much better than TV.
M： How does the book club work?
W：With the Internet, it’s much easier and faster than it used to be. Once you have gone through the registration online, a catalogue of books will be sent to you every month. And you can choose as many books from it as you want.
M： What do you do if you don’t like any of the books?
W：You have to take four each year. That’s all.
M： What happens if you decide you don’t want a book that they do send you?
W：You can return it.
M： And what about the prices?
W：The books are cheaper than they are in bookstores even with the mailing costs added in.
M： Well, go ahead. Join the book club if you want to.
Q19. What has the man been reading recently?
Q20. Which of the following is true about the woman?
Q21. What does the woman recommend the man to do?
Q22. What does the man suppose to do if he has registered online?
評(píng)析：這是篇關(guān)于讀書(shū)和加入讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部的材料。材料中女生喜歡看書(shū)勝過(guò)看電視，并提議男生和她一起加入讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部，這樣可以讀到新的書(shū)，同時(shí)也可以省一筆開(kāi)支。整體來(lái)看難度不大。
Talks and conversations 4
Do you want to improve the first impression you make? Do you want people to consider you as capable as a man working in the same field? As a woman, you have to pay more attention to the impression you’re making, because you have to overcome the initial stereotype that pops up in the other person’s mind “oh, it’s a woman.”
Here are a few tips: If you are entering a room with others, try to walk in first. This makes a powerful impression on the people already in the room. If you are on your own, walking into a room full of people, stand to the side and quickly survey the room to plan where you’ll go. Suppose then, you see a group of higher-ups, you’d better take this opportunity to walk over and ask them a question related to business. If that is something out of your comfort zone, you can approach the group and stand a little outside of their circle and smile. Wait for a low in the conversation, and I bet someone will say hello. Then, you need to know about the handshake, as a woman, you can’t get away with the advice given to man for a powerful handshake. That’s the one where he puts his hand out, palm down and dominates the shake. My advice is for you to be the first one to put your hand out, thumb facing up. It’s important to be the first, because that’s powerful, but more importantly, because men often don’t know if you will be OK with a handshake. Let him know you are, also, face him directly, not at an angle, which looks tentative and unsure. Grip his hand firmly and fully, not any of these fingertips stuff, smile, look in his eyes, and say something.
23. What is the initial stereotype mentioned in the talk?
24. According to the speaker’s advice, what should a woman do if she is entering a meeting room with other people?
25. What’s a woman advised to do if she meets with a group of high-ranking individuals in a room?
26. What should be avoided in a handshake according to the speaker?
這篇文章主要是關(guān)于女性在職場(chǎng)上如何能夠給人留下較好的初印象，從而改變傳統(tǒng)意義上女不如男的偏見(jiàn)。文章條理清晰，分不同情景，給出建議。分別是，1. 與其他人一起進(jìn)入房間;2. 一個(gè)人進(jìn)入房間;3. 有權(quán)貴人士在場(chǎng);4. 握手時(shí)注意事項(xiàng)
Talks and Conversations 5
W: Recently I read a report about the higher education in Britain. It says that only about 10% of our students leave university without getting a degree.
M: That may be true. For me, I am not worried about failing but I am very anxious to get a good degree. My aim is to get a first-class honors degree in chemistry at Cambridge since I have a plan to take up a scientific post in industry. My criterion for choosing a good university is whether it has progressive ideas on education as well as its broader and more varied courses.
M: It wouldn’t work. There will be too many different opinions. Some professors and lecturers are more interested in their own research than in helping students in their studies.
W: Well, there must be some brilliant scholars in the university such as yours.
M: Yes, I still go to classes as well as to lectures, but the most important person in my academic life is my tutor who in Cambridge is called a supervisor. I enjoy my weekly tutorials. My supervisor is an approachable man and he is always ready to talk to me about anything connected with my studies.
W: Haven’t other universities now introduced some form of tutorial supervision like that at Oxford and Cambridge?
M: Yes, in fact, to be honest, there are universities which offer better courses and give better teaching in some subjects than either Oxford or Cambridge. I think that an Oxbridge degree still counts more with some employers than a degree from other universities. But most of them are now more concerned with the kind of degree than where it comes from.
W: Anyway, at our universities, the personal supervision and friendly relations with the teaching staff are especially good. The lecturer-student ratio is quite reasonable.
M: I am not so sure. But at least we are not over-crowded. I’ve heard that in some foreign universities lecture halls are packed so full that students have no where to sit.
Q 27 What are the man and the woman in the conversation?
Q 28 What’s the woman’s criterion for choosing a good university?
Q 29 Who is the most important person in the man’s academic life?
Q 30 Why is the man complaining about some foreign universities?
評(píng)析：這篇對(duì)話是關(guān)于英國(guó)高等教育。通過(guò)對(duì)話，女主人公闡述了自己擇校的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(whether it has progressive ideas on education as well as its broader and more varied courses)，男主人公則提到了在自己學(xué)術(shù)生涯中為重要的一個(gè)人(the most important person in my academic life is my tutor who in Cambridge is called a supervisor)，男女主人公海還交流了自己對(duì)牛津，劍橋大學(xué)的看法。
整體來(lái)看，對(duì)話取材貼近生活，難度不大。
1. At the annual general meeting, the board chairman of the company outlined the development strategy for the next 5 years.
2. You needn’t notify the maintenance office about the fixing of the faucet in the washroom. I can get Tom to take care of it. He is really handy.
3. Although the accountant promised to help by all he could, the auditor called into question the accuracy of the figures in the books.
4. We have carefully checked your qualifications and decided that we need someone with more office experience. We are sorry for the inconvenience.
5. The sales of Vitamin E, helped by the testimony of health food expert, and a number of leading medical authorities, have doubled in the past 5 years.
6. An average American male is expected to live 75.4 years, while the life expectancy of a female can be 80.4 years.
7. For many people in large cities, the reasons against owning a private car outweigh the reasons for owning one. Therefore, the answer is negative.
8. To believe that our company can be little affected or even immune to the current economic crisis is to ignore the most basic principles of trade and commerce.
9. At college, Betty receives a monthly allowance of $650 from home. She also earns $350 a month in her part-time job. And she spends about 80% of her income for daily expenses.
10. Some businesses, organizations and government agencies provide employees with the opportunities to progress to higher positions with higher salaries. The higher position an individual occupies, the more responsibilities it brings.
Statements
1. 公司董事會(huì)主席制定5年計(jì)劃。句子短，難度也小
2. 注意needn’t，與下句I will find... 相呼應(yīng)，Handy 。難度小
3. 注意although的轉(zhuǎn)折意思。短語(yǔ)call into question表示對(duì)...懷疑。難度適中。
4. 拒絕職位申請(qǐng)的通俗表達(dá)，沒(méi)有生僻詞。難度小
5. 關(guān)于維生素E的銷售話題。因?yàn)橹骶溟g有插入成分，所以難度稍大。主句表達(dá)了銷量增加的情況，而插入句交待了銷量增加的原因。難度適中
6. 講美國(guó)男女平均壽命長(zhǎng)度，重點(diǎn)在數(shù)字。難度小
7. 講大城市，人們對(duì)私家車的態(tài)度比較。注意outweigh。難度小
8. 有關(guān)金融危機(jī)的話題。關(guān)鍵句型to believe... is to ignore...。immune對(duì)...免疫，也就是表示完全不受金融危機(jī)影響。
9. 必考的計(jì)算題，關(guān)鍵在數(shù)字的聽(tīng)寫(xiě)和加減法。難度小。
10. 關(guān)于晉升的話題。“能力越強(qiáng)，職位越高，薪水越多，責(zé)任越大”
sentence translation
1. Sydney is a very modern city, but it also has many places of historical interest. In the downtown district, you can still see some old houses that were ever built here.
2. For me, a car is a comfortable way to travel especially in the winter time, if I took a bus or train, I might have to stand in the rain or in the snow.
3. If you work in the United States, you’d better find out the local sports teams, thus you can participate in the almost inevitable discussions about how our team will do this year.
4. I have more than 25 years of editing experience, and have edited over 300 publish novels and text books, I think I’m qualified for the post of editing manager.
5. Traditionally, men have had poor diets, less exercise and smoked more than women, these differences in life style and personal habits help explain why more men than women die of heart disease.
1、悉尼是一座非?，F(xiàn)代化的城市，但也有許多歷史名勝古跡。在市中心，你依然可以看見(jiàn)許多曾經(jīng)建造在那里的老房子。
2. 對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)，小汽車是方便的出行方式，尤其是在冬天。如果我搭公交車或乘火車，我有可能就要在風(fēng)雪中站著等了。
3. 如果你在美國(guó)工作，你好找到當(dāng)?shù)氐捏w育隊(duì)，這樣，你就可以參與進(jìn)那些幾乎不可避免的關(guān)于今年我們的隊(duì)伍該如何表現(xiàn)的討論。
4. 我有超過(guò)25年多的編輯經(jīng)驗(yàn)，編輯過(guò)300多本已出版的小說(shuō)和教材，我認(rèn)為我能夠勝任編輯經(jīng)理的職位。
5. 從傳統(tǒng)上來(lái)看，男性的飲食沒(méi)有女性飲食健康，比女性運(yùn)動(dòng)更少，吸煙也較女性更多，這些生活方式和個(gè)人習(xí)慣的不同有助于解釋為什么男性比女性更易死于心臟病。
評(píng)析：
1. 對(duì)悉尼城市的介紹。現(xiàn)代城區(qū)仍見(jiàn)歷史古跡。翻譯難度小。
2. 選擇car出行的原因，同時(shí)也給出了bus和train的弊端。難度小。
3. 在美國(guó)工作，也要關(guān)注運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)。前兩句難度小，但會(huì)讓考生感覺(jué)工作，和當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)表現(xiàn)有什么關(guān)系?答案就是后一句，關(guān)鍵詞是participate in，discussion，難詞：inevitable。
4. 一個(gè)應(yīng)聘主編崗位的經(jīng)驗(yàn)自述。難度小，但出現(xiàn)了more than和over，所以要注意兩個(gè)數(shù)字翻譯的準(zhǔn)確性。關(guān)鍵詞：editing，post。
5. 男性心臟病發(fā)病率高于女性的原因：飲食、鍛煉、生活方式、個(gè)人習(xí)慣。難度適中，注意并列成分的翻譯。
Passage 1
Most people in Britain like drinking tea. Britons drink a quarter of all the tea grown in the world each year. They are the world’s greatest tea drinkers. Many of them drink it on at least 8 different occasions during the day. They drink it between meals and at meals. They drink early morning tea in bed. Some morning tea drinkers have automatic tea-making machines connected to their alarm clocks. They also drink afternoon tea in their sitting room or in their gardens.大多數(shù)英國(guó)人喜歡喝茶。英國(guó)人每年可以喝掉世界
上生產(chǎn)的四分之一的茶葉。他們是世界上茶葉大的消費(fèi)人群。許多英國(guó)人一天至少喝茶8次。他們?cè)陲埱帮埡蠛炔?，早上剛起床就喝茶。一些早上起床喝茶的人們甚至把自己的制茶機(jī)和鬧鐘設(shè)定在一起。他們?cè)谄鹁邮?，或者自己的花園里，也喜歡喝下午茶。
評(píng)析：這篇聽(tīng)譯中，考生要注意對(duì)數(shù)字的記憶和理解。難點(diǎn)在后面的3個(gè)喝茶時(shí)間(tea between meals, morning tea, afternoon tea 的信息捕捉和分析。難度適中。
Passage2
Pollution in today’s world can be in various kinds. Factories pour their wastes into our air and into our rivers and lakes. Noisy trucks and trains pollute in a different way. They may keep us awake at night and even make it hard to think in peace and quiet during the day. Moreover, ugliness surrounds us. There are too few trees, too little grass and too much concrete. The answer, I think, is scientific planning. There must be controlled and sustainable development within our cities. And primary consideration must be the quality of people’s lives.
當(dāng)今世界的污染有很多種類。工廠把垃圾排到天空，河流和湖泊。 嘈雜的卡車和火車以另一種方式污染著這個(gè)世界。它們讓我們夜不能眠，白天也不能安靜地思考。另外，丑陋的事物也存在與我們周圍。 樹(shù)木太少，綠草稀缺，到處都鋼筋混凝土。 我認(rèn)為，解決之道在于科學(xué)規(guī)劃。我們的城市必須要有可控的，可持續(xù)的發(fā)展，其首要指標(biāo)應(yīng)是人們的生活質(zhì)量。
評(píng)析：這篇聽(tīng)力短文信息量較大，要求考生做好關(guān)鍵信息(pollution，factory. Noisy trucks and trains, ugliness, the answer, scientific planning, controlled and sustainable development, primary consideration)的捕捉，記憶和導(dǎo)出。
原文：
越來(lái)越多受英文教育的海外華人父母，已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時(shí)，也通曉中文的重要性。中國(guó)的崛起，讓他們充分認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子掌握雙語(yǔ)的好處——既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。
這些人對(duì)中文的態(tài)度幾乎沒(méi)有完全改變。曾幾何時(shí)，他們還非常驕傲地宣稱自己只懂英文?，F(xiàn)在，他們已開(kāi)始積極支持孩子學(xué)習(xí)中文和中國(guó)文化，而且還不時(shí)走訪中國(guó)，欣賞壯觀的自然風(fēng)光，認(rèn)識(shí)豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。
譯文：
An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West.
They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.
解析：
本段是一篇文化類介紹文章?？傮w難度一般，以句號(hào)結(jié)束的句子即可作為一個(gè)意群，考生基本不用自行判斷、劃分。文中的長(zhǎng)句可使用中國(guó)考生特別熟悉的從句進(jìn)行翻譯，如第一句的“已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到……的同時(shí)，也通曉中文的重要性”，就可以用從屬連詞while 連接，第一段的后一句“掌握雙語(yǔ)的好處……”由which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句也可迎刃而解。當(dāng)然，要翻譯好本段，選詞很重要。如第一句中“越來(lái)越多的華人父母認(rèn)識(shí)到……”，如果你和大多數(shù)人一樣，翻譯成“more and more parents…”就顯得很普通，而“an increasing number of…”則地道很多;又如第一段后一句“既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。”例文用了“enhance”和“facilitate”兩個(gè)詞，富于變化;文中許多考生容易使用副詞的地方，譯者都巧妙地運(yùn)用形容詞來(lái)替代，如將“積極支持”譯為“give full support to”，將“不時(shí)走訪”譯為“make occasional visits”，讀來(lái)原汁原味，彰顯了譯者扎實(shí)的翻譯功底，給考官留下了一個(gè)相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的印象，也為自己加分不少。
原文：
越來(lái)越多受英文教育的海外華人父母，已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時(shí)，也通曉中文的重要性。中國(guó)的崛起，讓他們充分認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子掌握雙語(yǔ)的好處——既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。
這些人對(duì)中文的態(tài)度幾乎沒(méi)有完全改變。曾幾何時(shí)，他們還非常驕傲地宣稱自己只懂英文?，F(xiàn)在，他們已開(kāi)始積極支持孩子學(xué)習(xí)中文和中國(guó)文化，而且還不時(shí)走訪中國(guó)，欣賞壯觀的自然風(fēng)光，認(rèn)識(shí)豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。
譯文：
An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West.
They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.
解析：
本段是一篇文化類介紹文章。總體難度一般，以句號(hào)結(jié)束的句子即可作為一個(gè)意群，考生基本不用自行判斷、劃分。文中的長(zhǎng)句可使用中國(guó)考生特別熟悉的從句進(jìn)行翻譯，如第一句的“已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到……的同時(shí)，也通曉中文的重要性”，就可以用從屬連詞while 連接，第一段的后一句“掌握雙語(yǔ)的好處……”由which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句也可迎刃而解。當(dāng)然，要翻譯好本段，選詞很重要。如第一句中“越來(lái)越多的華人父母認(rèn)識(shí)到……”，如果你和大多數(shù)人一樣，翻譯成“more and more parents…”就顯得很普通，而“an increasing number of…”則地道很多;又如第一段后一句“既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化?！崩挠昧恕癳nhance”和“facilitate”兩個(gè)詞，富于變化;文中許多考生容易使用副詞的地方，譯者都巧妙地運(yùn)用形容詞來(lái)替代，如將“積極支持”譯為“give full support to”，將“不時(shí)走訪”譯為“make occasional visits”，讀來(lái)原汁原味，彰顯了譯者扎實(shí)的翻譯功底，給考官留下了一個(gè)相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的印象，也為自己加分不少。
Why We Must Fire Bad Teachers (為什么我們必須叫?！安环Q職”的老師?)
The relative decline of American education at the elementary- and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation’s future. Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world. Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other nations.
For much of this time—roughly the last half century—professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well. They tried New Math, open classrooms, Whole Language—but nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting improvements.
Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied. What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the teacher. Much of the ability to teach is innate—an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess (and some people definitely do not). Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many graduate schools of education do it, with a lot of insipid or marginally relevant theorizing and pedagogy. In any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not.
一直以來(lái)，美國(guó)初高中教育質(zhì)量的相對(duì)下降對(duì)整個(gè)民族的將來(lái)來(lái)說(shuō)，不僅僅是窘境也是一種威脅。從前，美國(guó)學(xué)生比世界上任何一個(gè)國(guó)家的學(xué)生都更擅長(zhǎng)于測(cè)試。而現(xiàn)在，與歐洲學(xué)校的孩子相比，美國(guó)學(xué)生的水平僅與立陶宛旗鼓相當(dāng)——被其他10個(gè)國(guó)家遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)甩開(kāi)。
就過(guò)去這個(gè)時(shí)代而言，粗略來(lái)講，上個(gè)世紀(jì)的后五十年，教育界專家們認(rèn)為如果他們能找到正確的教學(xué)法，能用正確的方法給予教導(dǎo)，那么這種教育將是無(wú)可挑剔的。為此，他們嘗試過(guò)集論教學(xué)體系、開(kāi)放式教室、全語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)，但是似乎看起來(lái)無(wú)一能取得意義深遠(yuǎn)或是持久的改善。
而在近些年來(lái)，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些看起來(lái)十分明顯，但卻由于各種各樣的原因而被忽視或否定的東西。他們認(rèn)為，造成這種差異的，比教學(xué)規(guī)模和教科書(shū)更為重要的，比教學(xué)方法或者科技手段更不容忽略的，是教師的質(zhì)量。教書(shū)育人的能力大多是與生俱來(lái)的，即激發(fā)朝氣蓬勃的思想、駕馭難以管教的班級(jí)。這種能力是一些人與生俱來(lái)的;很明顯，一些人并不具有這種品質(zhì)。在一定程度上，“教”是可以被傳授的，但這種“教”并不意味著就是許多所謂的教育學(xué)研究生院課上所教的那樣——灌輸?shù)拇蠖际切┛菰锓ξ肚绎L(fēng)馬牛不相及的理論和教學(xué)法?？傊@項(xiàng)研究表明，五年內(nèi)，你就可以辨別出哪些是優(yōu)秀的老師，而哪些并不是。
評(píng)析：
本文是一篇新聞，難度適中。新聞稿的翻譯和散文不同，散文重點(diǎn)要突出原文的行文情感，文筆特點(diǎn)，而新聞稿的翻譯重點(diǎn)在于，突出內(nèi)容的客觀性和真實(shí)性，抓住主題和作者觀點(diǎn)。
這篇新聞主要介紹了美國(guó)教育界的一些問(wèn)題，作者的觀點(diǎn)是：在教育方面，教育法，教育硬件設(shè)置，甚至課程安排都不如老師水平來(lái)得重要。而教師的教學(xué)水平很大一部分是天生的。
本篇翻譯的難度主要在于一些長(zhǎng)難句的拆分，在面對(duì)這樣的長(zhǎng)難句時(shí)，考生們首先應(yīng)該端正心態(tài)，然后運(yùn)用一些對(duì)美國(guó)教育的了解，以及邏輯思維，再加上語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析。
同時(shí)也出現(xiàn)了pedagogy，insipid，這樣的一些生詞，對(duì)于pedagogy這樣的反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的生詞，可以根據(jù)上下文來(lái)猜測(cè)，就是teaching method的意思。而一些insipid這樣的，不影響理解的修飾性的詞語(yǔ)，就可以暫時(shí)跳過(guò)，先抓住整篇文章的主旨。
總而言之，對(duì)于長(zhǎng)難句的分析能力，是各位同學(xué)在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)過(guò)程中需要積累和鍛煉的一種能力，而談到單詞，也是需要大家平時(shí)多多廣泛閱讀來(lái)拓展詞匯量的。
In America there are no nobles or men of letters, and the common folk mistrust the wealthy; Consequently lawyers form the highest political class and the most cultivated circle of society. They have therefore nothing to gain by innovation, which adds a conservative interest to their natural taste for public order. If I were asked where I place the American aristocracy, I should reply without hesitation that it is not composed of the rich, who are united together by no common tie, but that it occupies the judicial bench and the bar.
When I started researching this topic, I found an interesting website “Legal Reform Now”. As the name suggests, this website is devoted to legal reform and it is definitely concerned about the dominance of lawyers in American government. There I read an article by a political science professor from the university of Wisconsin. One observation the UW article confirms is that the legal profession is the dominant profession of the people re-elect to public office. For example, about half our representatives and two-thirds of our senators are lawyers. No other profession comes close to having the same the number of people in political office. Effectively, lawyers form our nation’s most powerful organized political constituency in America. Lawyers make our laws and lawyers interpret our laws. When judges are appointed, the American bar association is the only professional organization that is consulted to rate the fitness of potential judicial appointees. Our nation has been in existence for over 200 years and lawyers have been this nation’s aristocracy since its formation. Our system works, but do we really want to have a single profession in charge of our nation? Specifically, do we want to have the legal profession in charge? Next time you vote, that’s something to think about.
評(píng)析：這篇文章是關(guān)于律師在美國(guó)的地位。律師組成了美國(guó)高政治階層，以及社會(huì)具有教養(yǎng)的圈子。緊接著作者提到了律師在美國(guó)政府中占據(jù)統(tǒng)治地位，且自建國(guó)以來(lái)一直如此。因此律師就成了美國(guó)的“貴族”。后作者提出問(wèn)題“我們真的想讓律師這個(gè)職業(yè)來(lái)管理我們的國(guó)家嗎?”，呼吁選民在下次的選舉投票中三思。
這篇聽(tīng)力材料政治色彩強(qiáng)，材料中的部分單詞可能會(huì)給考生帶來(lái)聽(tīng)辨和拼寫(xiě)的難度。難度較大。
cultivated adj 有教養(yǎng)的
innovation n.創(chuàng)新
conservative adj. 保守的
be composed of 由…組成
bench the bar 法官和律師
dominance n 統(tǒng)治地位
representatives n.眾議員
senator n 參議員
aristocracy n 貴族
Talks and Conversations 1：
WOMAN: Good morning. Mr. Papworth Smith’s surgery.
MAN: Hello, this is William Brown speaking.
WOMAN: Yes, what can I do for you?
MAN: I had an appointment with Mr. Papworth Smith at 10 o’clock this morning, the name is William Brown, and the registration number is 12.
WOMAN: Well, I have found your case history and the registration. You have a broken tooth that needs to be taken care of, right?
MAN: Yes, but I’m sorry, my car broke down on the way, and the guy in the garage said it wouldn’t be ready until about two in the afternoon, and there is no way I can find a taxi or a lift. I am calling from the garage.
WOMAN: You mean you couldn’t keep the appointment?
MAN: I’m afraid not. Can I still see Mr. Smith some other time?
WOMAN: Of course, but you need to make another appointment.
MAN: When? I hope it is today or tomorrow. That broken tooth of mine is really killing me; I can’t eat or sleep properly.
WOMAN: I see, well, what about tomorrow at nine.
MAN: Oh, that’s fine, thank you very much.
11. Why was the man telephoning?
12. What is Mr. Papworth Smith?
13. At what time was the man’s appointment that day?
14. Which of the following is true about the man?
評(píng)析：這是個(gè)關(guān)于和醫(yī)生與時(shí)間會(huì)診的通話。病人打電話說(shuō)因?yàn)檐噳牧瞬荒馨丛ê玫臅r(shí)間(10 o’clock this morning)履約，但是病人牙痛確實(shí)厲害，想和醫(yī)生另約時(shí)間。后雙方約定時(shí)間(tomorrow at nine)。整片材料內(nèi)容較簡(jiǎn)單，考生需要熟悉電話交際語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)，并做好相關(guān)信息的筆錄。
Talks and Conversations 2
According to the United Nations, a tourist is someone who travels at least 50 miles or 80 kilometers for recreation. In the United States, people love to take trips. They spend more on vacation than anyone else in the world. Many of them take package tours; however, the first vacation package was attributed to an Englishman, names Thomas Cook. In 1841, he took 500 travelers to a nearby town. The price of the tour included a train ticket and a meal along the way. In 1845, Thomas Cook sold the first vacation package tour to Europe. And 1866, his company was organizing trips to the U.S. Today, tourism is a big business. And the tourist industry is crucial to many countries’ economy. It is estimated that 80% of jobs in the world, that’s more than 200 million people depend on tourism. Some local governments, like the British Virgin Islands in the Caribbean, are almost totally depended on visitors. About 95% of the islands income comes from tourism. For other places in the world, tourism is ever growing. It is estimated that by the year 2015, people worldwide will spend some five thousand billion U.S. dollars for vacation abroad. Regions in Asia, the Pacific, the Middle East, and Africa will see the greatest growth.
Q15 What is a package tour?
Q16 According to the talk, who first introduced the package tour?
Q17 Which of the following is true about the British Virgin Islands?
Q18 How much will be spent by people worldwide on vacation in abroad by the year 2015?
本文是說(shuō)明文，介紹了跟“旅游”相關(guān)的諸多內(nèi)容。涉及到旅游的定義，旅游的發(fā)展歷史;旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)現(xiàn)在的情況以及對(duì)2015年旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的推測(cè)。文章本身沒(méi)有特別生僻的詞，但其中涉及到的人名(Thomas Cook)、年份、金額、比例等等是筆記的難點(diǎn)也是考點(diǎn)。
Talks and Conversations 3
W：When are you going to finish that book on American history?
M： Oh, I should get through it sometime this weekend, I guess. Anyway, it was only a week since I borrowed that book from you.
W：Well, if you finish it tonight, I can take it back to the library tomorrow on my way home from work.
M： What’s the hurry? Don’t you have anything else to read?
W：I won’t have anything if I don’t get to the library tomorrow.
M： You read too much.
W：I’d rather read than watch television. The TV programs seem to be getting worse all the time.
M： Well, I don’t think I can read that fast, but I do enjoy reading, especially novels and biographies or the like.
W：What do you think about joining a book club? If we join one, we can keep up with all the latest best-sellers.
M： That’s sort of expensive, isn’t it?
W： It isn’t any more expensive than going to a movie, the way admission prices have gone up, and the new movies don’t seem to be much better than TV.
M： How does the book club work?
W：With the Internet, it’s much easier and faster than it used to be. Once you have gone through the registration online, a catalogue of books will be sent to you every month. And you can choose as many books from it as you want.
M： What do you do if you don’t like any of the books?
W：You have to take four each year. That’s all.
M： What happens if you decide you don’t want a book that they do send you?
W：You can return it.
M： And what about the prices?
W：The books are cheaper than they are in bookstores even with the mailing costs added in.
M： Well, go ahead. Join the book club if you want to.
Q19. What has the man been reading recently?
Q20. Which of the following is true about the woman?
Q21. What does the woman recommend the man to do?
Q22. What does the man suppose to do if he has registered online?
評(píng)析：這是篇關(guān)于讀書(shū)和加入讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部的材料。材料中女生喜歡看書(shū)勝過(guò)看電視，并提議男生和她一起加入讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部，這樣可以讀到新的書(shū)，同時(shí)也可以省一筆開(kāi)支。整體來(lái)看難度不大。
Talks and conversations 4
Do you want to improve the first impression you make? Do you want people to consider you as capable as a man working in the same field? As a woman, you have to pay more attention to the impression you’re making, because you have to overcome the initial stereotype that pops up in the other person’s mind “oh, it’s a woman.”
Here are a few tips: If you are entering a room with others, try to walk in first. This makes a powerful impression on the people already in the room. If you are on your own, walking into a room full of people, stand to the side and quickly survey the room to plan where you’ll go. Suppose then, you see a group of higher-ups, you’d better take this opportunity to walk over and ask them a question related to business. If that is something out of your comfort zone, you can approach the group and stand a little outside of their circle and smile. Wait for a low in the conversation, and I bet someone will say hello. Then, you need to know about the handshake, as a woman, you can’t get away with the advice given to man for a powerful handshake. That’s the one where he puts his hand out, palm down and dominates the shake. My advice is for you to be the first one to put your hand out, thumb facing up. It’s important to be the first, because that’s powerful, but more importantly, because men often don’t know if you will be OK with a handshake. Let him know you are, also, face him directly, not at an angle, which looks tentative and unsure. Grip his hand firmly and fully, not any of these fingertips stuff, smile, look in his eyes, and say something.
23. What is the initial stereotype mentioned in the talk?
24. According to the speaker’s advice, what should a woman do if she is entering a meeting room with other people?
25. What’s a woman advised to do if she meets with a group of high-ranking individuals in a room?
26. What should be avoided in a handshake according to the speaker?
這篇文章主要是關(guān)于女性在職場(chǎng)上如何能夠給人留下較好的初印象，從而改變傳統(tǒng)意義上女不如男的偏見(jiàn)。文章條理清晰，分不同情景，給出建議。分別是，1. 與其他人一起進(jìn)入房間;2. 一個(gè)人進(jìn)入房間;3. 有權(quán)貴人士在場(chǎng);4. 握手時(shí)注意事項(xiàng)
Talks and Conversations 5
W: Recently I read a report about the higher education in Britain. It says that only about 10% of our students leave university without getting a degree.
M: That may be true. For me, I am not worried about failing but I am very anxious to get a good degree. My aim is to get a first-class honors degree in chemistry at Cambridge since I have a plan to take up a scientific post in industry. My criterion for choosing a good university is whether it has progressive ideas on education as well as its broader and more varied courses.
M: It wouldn’t work. There will be too many different opinions. Some professors and lecturers are more interested in their own research than in helping students in their studies.
W: Well, there must be some brilliant scholars in the university such as yours.
M: Yes, I still go to classes as well as to lectures, but the most important person in my academic life is my tutor who in Cambridge is called a supervisor. I enjoy my weekly tutorials. My supervisor is an approachable man and he is always ready to talk to me about anything connected with my studies.
W: Haven’t other universities now introduced some form of tutorial supervision like that at Oxford and Cambridge?
M: Yes, in fact, to be honest, there are universities which offer better courses and give better teaching in some subjects than either Oxford or Cambridge. I think that an Oxbridge degree still counts more with some employers than a degree from other universities. But most of them are now more concerned with the kind of degree than where it comes from.
W: Anyway, at our universities, the personal supervision and friendly relations with the teaching staff are especially good. The lecturer-student ratio is quite reasonable.
M: I am not so sure. But at least we are not over-crowded. I’ve heard that in some foreign universities lecture halls are packed so full that students have no where to sit.
Q 27 What are the man and the woman in the conversation?
Q 28 What’s the woman’s criterion for choosing a good university?
Q 29 Who is the most important person in the man’s academic life?
Q 30 Why is the man complaining about some foreign universities?
評(píng)析：這篇對(duì)話是關(guān)于英國(guó)高等教育。通過(guò)對(duì)話，女主人公闡述了自己擇校的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(whether it has progressive ideas on education as well as its broader and more varied courses)，男主人公則提到了在自己學(xué)術(shù)生涯中為重要的一個(gè)人(the most important person in my academic life is my tutor who in Cambridge is called a supervisor)，男女主人公海還交流了自己對(duì)牛津，劍橋大學(xué)的看法。
整體來(lái)看，對(duì)話取材貼近生活，難度不大。
1. At the annual general meeting, the board chairman of the company outlined the development strategy for the next 5 years.
2. You needn’t notify the maintenance office about the fixing of the faucet in the washroom. I can get Tom to take care of it. He is really handy.
3. Although the accountant promised to help by all he could, the auditor called into question the accuracy of the figures in the books.
4. We have carefully checked your qualifications and decided that we need someone with more office experience. We are sorry for the inconvenience.
5. The sales of Vitamin E, helped by the testimony of health food expert, and a number of leading medical authorities, have doubled in the past 5 years.
6. An average American male is expected to live 75.4 years, while the life expectancy of a female can be 80.4 years.
7. For many people in large cities, the reasons against owning a private car outweigh the reasons for owning one. Therefore, the answer is negative.
8. To believe that our company can be little affected or even immune to the current economic crisis is to ignore the most basic principles of trade and commerce.
9. At college, Betty receives a monthly allowance of $650 from home. She also earns $350 a month in her part-time job. And she spends about 80% of her income for daily expenses.
10. Some businesses, organizations and government agencies provide employees with the opportunities to progress to higher positions with higher salaries. The higher position an individual occupies, the more responsibilities it brings.
Statements
1. 公司董事會(huì)主席制定5年計(jì)劃。句子短，難度也小
2. 注意needn’t，與下句I will find... 相呼應(yīng)，Handy 。難度小
3. 注意although的轉(zhuǎn)折意思。短語(yǔ)call into question表示對(duì)...懷疑。難度適中。
4. 拒絕職位申請(qǐng)的通俗表達(dá)，沒(méi)有生僻詞。難度小
5. 關(guān)于維生素E的銷售話題。因?yàn)橹骶溟g有插入成分，所以難度稍大。主句表達(dá)了銷量增加的情況，而插入句交待了銷量增加的原因。難度適中
6. 講美國(guó)男女平均壽命長(zhǎng)度，重點(diǎn)在數(shù)字。難度小
7. 講大城市，人們對(duì)私家車的態(tài)度比較。注意outweigh。難度小
8. 有關(guān)金融危機(jī)的話題。關(guān)鍵句型to believe... is to ignore...。immune對(duì)...免疫，也就是表示完全不受金融危機(jī)影響。
9. 必考的計(jì)算題，關(guān)鍵在數(shù)字的聽(tīng)寫(xiě)和加減法。難度小。
10. 關(guān)于晉升的話題。“能力越強(qiáng)，職位越高，薪水越多，責(zé)任越大”
sentence translation
1. Sydney is a very modern city, but it also has many places of historical interest. In the downtown district, you can still see some old houses that were ever built here.
2. For me, a car is a comfortable way to travel especially in the winter time, if I took a bus or train, I might have to stand in the rain or in the snow.
3. If you work in the United States, you’d better find out the local sports teams, thus you can participate in the almost inevitable discussions about how our team will do this year.
4. I have more than 25 years of editing experience, and have edited over 300 publish novels and text books, I think I’m qualified for the post of editing manager.
5. Traditionally, men have had poor diets, less exercise and smoked more than women, these differences in life style and personal habits help explain why more men than women die of heart disease.
1、悉尼是一座非?，F(xiàn)代化的城市，但也有許多歷史名勝古跡。在市中心，你依然可以看見(jiàn)許多曾經(jīng)建造在那里的老房子。
2. 對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)，小汽車是方便的出行方式，尤其是在冬天。如果我搭公交車或乘火車，我有可能就要在風(fēng)雪中站著等了。
3. 如果你在美國(guó)工作，你好找到當(dāng)?shù)氐捏w育隊(duì)，這樣，你就可以參與進(jìn)那些幾乎不可避免的關(guān)于今年我們的隊(duì)伍該如何表現(xiàn)的討論。
4. 我有超過(guò)25年多的編輯經(jīng)驗(yàn)，編輯過(guò)300多本已出版的小說(shuō)和教材，我認(rèn)為我能夠勝任編輯經(jīng)理的職位。
5. 從傳統(tǒng)上來(lái)看，男性的飲食沒(méi)有女性飲食健康，比女性運(yùn)動(dòng)更少，吸煙也較女性更多，這些生活方式和個(gè)人習(xí)慣的不同有助于解釋為什么男性比女性更易死于心臟病。
評(píng)析：
1. 對(duì)悉尼城市的介紹。現(xiàn)代城區(qū)仍見(jiàn)歷史古跡。翻譯難度小。
2. 選擇car出行的原因，同時(shí)也給出了bus和train的弊端。難度小。
3. 在美國(guó)工作，也要關(guān)注運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)。前兩句難度小，但會(huì)讓考生感覺(jué)工作，和當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)表現(xiàn)有什么關(guān)系?答案就是后一句，關(guān)鍵詞是participate in，discussion，難詞：inevitable。
4. 一個(gè)應(yīng)聘主編崗位的經(jīng)驗(yàn)自述。難度小，但出現(xiàn)了more than和over，所以要注意兩個(gè)數(shù)字翻譯的準(zhǔn)確性。關(guān)鍵詞：editing，post。
5. 男性心臟病發(fā)病率高于女性的原因：飲食、鍛煉、生活方式、個(gè)人習(xí)慣。難度適中，注意并列成分的翻譯。
Passage 1
Most people in Britain like drinking tea. Britons drink a quarter of all the tea grown in the world each year. They are the world’s greatest tea drinkers. Many of them drink it on at least 8 different occasions during the day. They drink it between meals and at meals. They drink early morning tea in bed. Some morning tea drinkers have automatic tea-making machines connected to their alarm clocks. They also drink afternoon tea in their sitting room or in their gardens.大多數(shù)英國(guó)人喜歡喝茶。英國(guó)人每年可以喝掉世界
上生產(chǎn)的四分之一的茶葉。他們是世界上茶葉大的消費(fèi)人群。許多英國(guó)人一天至少喝茶8次。他們?cè)陲埱帮埡蠛炔?，早上剛起床就喝茶。一些早上起床喝茶的人們甚至把自己的制茶機(jī)和鬧鐘設(shè)定在一起。他們?cè)谄鹁邮?，或者自己的花園里，也喜歡喝下午茶。
評(píng)析：這篇聽(tīng)譯中，考生要注意對(duì)數(shù)字的記憶和理解。難點(diǎn)在后面的3個(gè)喝茶時(shí)間(tea between meals, morning tea, afternoon tea 的信息捕捉和分析。難度適中。
Passage2
Pollution in today’s world can be in various kinds. Factories pour their wastes into our air and into our rivers and lakes. Noisy trucks and trains pollute in a different way. They may keep us awake at night and even make it hard to think in peace and quiet during the day. Moreover, ugliness surrounds us. There are too few trees, too little grass and too much concrete. The answer, I think, is scientific planning. There must be controlled and sustainable development within our cities. And primary consideration must be the quality of people’s lives.
當(dāng)今世界的污染有很多種類。工廠把垃圾排到天空，河流和湖泊。 嘈雜的卡車和火車以另一種方式污染著這個(gè)世界。它們讓我們夜不能眠，白天也不能安靜地思考。另外，丑陋的事物也存在與我們周圍。 樹(shù)木太少，綠草稀缺，到處都鋼筋混凝土。 我認(rèn)為，解決之道在于科學(xué)規(guī)劃。我們的城市必須要有可控的，可持續(xù)的發(fā)展，其首要指標(biāo)應(yīng)是人們的生活質(zhì)量。
評(píng)析：這篇聽(tīng)力短文信息量較大，要求考生做好關(guān)鍵信息(pollution，factory. Noisy trucks and trains, ugliness, the answer, scientific planning, controlled and sustainable development, primary consideration)的捕捉，記憶和導(dǎo)出。
原文：
越來(lái)越多受英文教育的海外華人父母，已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時(shí)，也通曉中文的重要性。中國(guó)的崛起，讓他們充分認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子掌握雙語(yǔ)的好處——既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。
這些人對(duì)中文的態(tài)度幾乎沒(méi)有完全改變。曾幾何時(shí)，他們還非常驕傲地宣稱自己只懂英文?，F(xiàn)在，他們已開(kāi)始積極支持孩子學(xué)習(xí)中文和中國(guó)文化，而且還不時(shí)走訪中國(guó)，欣賞壯觀的自然風(fēng)光，認(rèn)識(shí)豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。
譯文：
An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West.
They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.
解析：
本段是一篇文化類介紹文章?？傮w難度一般，以句號(hào)結(jié)束的句子即可作為一個(gè)意群，考生基本不用自行判斷、劃分。文中的長(zhǎng)句可使用中國(guó)考生特別熟悉的從句進(jìn)行翻譯，如第一句的“已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到……的同時(shí)，也通曉中文的重要性”，就可以用從屬連詞while 連接，第一段的后一句“掌握雙語(yǔ)的好處……”由which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句也可迎刃而解。當(dāng)然，要翻譯好本段，選詞很重要。如第一句中“越來(lái)越多的華人父母認(rèn)識(shí)到……”，如果你和大多數(shù)人一樣，翻譯成“more and more parents…”就顯得很普通，而“an increasing number of…”則地道很多;又如第一段后一句“既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。”例文用了“enhance”和“facilitate”兩個(gè)詞，富于變化;文中許多考生容易使用副詞的地方，譯者都巧妙地運(yùn)用形容詞來(lái)替代，如將“積極支持”譯為“give full support to”，將“不時(shí)走訪”譯為“make occasional visits”，讀來(lái)原汁原味，彰顯了譯者扎實(shí)的翻譯功底，給考官留下了一個(gè)相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的印象，也為自己加分不少。
原文：
越來(lái)越多受英文教育的海外華人父母，已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時(shí)，也通曉中文的重要性。中國(guó)的崛起，讓他們充分認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子掌握雙語(yǔ)的好處——既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。
這些人對(duì)中文的態(tài)度幾乎沒(méi)有完全改變。曾幾何時(shí)，他們還非常驕傲地宣稱自己只懂英文?，F(xiàn)在，他們已開(kāi)始積極支持孩子學(xué)習(xí)中文和中國(guó)文化，而且還不時(shí)走訪中國(guó)，欣賞壯觀的自然風(fēng)光，認(rèn)識(shí)豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。
譯文：
An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West.
They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.
解析：
本段是一篇文化類介紹文章。總體難度一般，以句號(hào)結(jié)束的句子即可作為一個(gè)意群，考生基本不用自行判斷、劃分。文中的長(zhǎng)句可使用中國(guó)考生特別熟悉的從句進(jìn)行翻譯，如第一句的“已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到……的同時(shí)，也通曉中文的重要性”，就可以用從屬連詞while 連接，第一段的后一句“掌握雙語(yǔ)的好處……”由which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句也可迎刃而解。當(dāng)然，要翻譯好本段，選詞很重要。如第一句中“越來(lái)越多的華人父母認(rèn)識(shí)到……”，如果你和大多數(shù)人一樣，翻譯成“more and more parents…”就顯得很普通，而“an increasing number of…”則地道很多;又如第一段后一句“既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化?！崩挠昧恕癳nhance”和“facilitate”兩個(gè)詞，富于變化;文中許多考生容易使用副詞的地方，譯者都巧妙地運(yùn)用形容詞來(lái)替代，如將“積極支持”譯為“give full support to”，將“不時(shí)走訪”譯為“make occasional visits”，讀來(lái)原汁原味，彰顯了譯者扎實(shí)的翻譯功底，給考官留下了一個(gè)相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的印象，也為自己加分不少。
Why We Must Fire Bad Teachers (為什么我們必須叫?！安环Q職”的老師?)
The relative decline of American education at the elementary- and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation’s future. Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world. Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other nations.
For much of this time—roughly the last half century—professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well. They tried New Math, open classrooms, Whole Language—but nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting improvements.
Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied. What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the teacher. Much of the ability to teach is innate—an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess (and some people definitely do not). Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many graduate schools of education do it, with a lot of insipid or marginally relevant theorizing and pedagogy. In any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not.
一直以來(lái)，美國(guó)初高中教育質(zhì)量的相對(duì)下降對(duì)整個(gè)民族的將來(lái)來(lái)說(shuō)，不僅僅是窘境也是一種威脅。從前，美國(guó)學(xué)生比世界上任何一個(gè)國(guó)家的學(xué)生都更擅長(zhǎng)于測(cè)試。而現(xiàn)在，與歐洲學(xué)校的孩子相比，美國(guó)學(xué)生的水平僅與立陶宛旗鼓相當(dāng)——被其他10個(gè)國(guó)家遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)甩開(kāi)。
就過(guò)去這個(gè)時(shí)代而言，粗略來(lái)講，上個(gè)世紀(jì)的后五十年，教育界專家們認(rèn)為如果他們能找到正確的教學(xué)法，能用正確的方法給予教導(dǎo)，那么這種教育將是無(wú)可挑剔的。為此，他們嘗試過(guò)集論教學(xué)體系、開(kāi)放式教室、全語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)，但是似乎看起來(lái)無(wú)一能取得意義深遠(yuǎn)或是持久的改善。
而在近些年來(lái)，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些看起來(lái)十分明顯，但卻由于各種各樣的原因而被忽視或否定的東西。他們認(rèn)為，造成這種差異的，比教學(xué)規(guī)模和教科書(shū)更為重要的，比教學(xué)方法或者科技手段更不容忽略的，是教師的質(zhì)量。教書(shū)育人的能力大多是與生俱來(lái)的，即激發(fā)朝氣蓬勃的思想、駕馭難以管教的班級(jí)。這種能力是一些人與生俱來(lái)的;很明顯，一些人并不具有這種品質(zhì)。在一定程度上，“教”是可以被傳授的，但這種“教”并不意味著就是許多所謂的教育學(xué)研究生院課上所教的那樣——灌輸?shù)拇蠖际切┛菰锓ξ肚绎L(fēng)馬牛不相及的理論和教學(xué)法?？傊@項(xiàng)研究表明，五年內(nèi)，你就可以辨別出哪些是優(yōu)秀的老師，而哪些并不是。
評(píng)析：
本文是一篇新聞，難度適中。新聞稿的翻譯和散文不同，散文重點(diǎn)要突出原文的行文情感，文筆特點(diǎn)，而新聞稿的翻譯重點(diǎn)在于，突出內(nèi)容的客觀性和真實(shí)性，抓住主題和作者觀點(diǎn)。
這篇新聞主要介紹了美國(guó)教育界的一些問(wèn)題，作者的觀點(diǎn)是：在教育方面，教育法，教育硬件設(shè)置，甚至課程安排都不如老師水平來(lái)得重要。而教師的教學(xué)水平很大一部分是天生的。
本篇翻譯的難度主要在于一些長(zhǎng)難句的拆分，在面對(duì)這樣的長(zhǎng)難句時(shí)，考生們首先應(yīng)該端正心態(tài)，然后運(yùn)用一些對(duì)美國(guó)教育的了解，以及邏輯思維，再加上語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析。
同時(shí)也出現(xiàn)了pedagogy，insipid，這樣的一些生詞，對(duì)于pedagogy這樣的反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的生詞，可以根據(jù)上下文來(lái)猜測(cè)，就是teaching method的意思。而一些insipid這樣的，不影響理解的修飾性的詞語(yǔ)，就可以暫時(shí)跳過(guò)，先抓住整篇文章的主旨。
總而言之，對(duì)于長(zhǎng)難句的分析能力，是各位同學(xué)在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)過(guò)程中需要積累和鍛煉的一種能力，而談到單詞，也是需要大家平時(shí)多多廣泛閱讀來(lái)拓展詞匯量的。