第一篇
Dining Custom
Every land has its own dining custom, and the United States is no exception. Americans feel that the first rule of being a polite guest is to be on time. Ifa person is invited to dinner at 6:30, the hostess expects him to be there at 6:30 or not more than a few minutes after. Because she usually does her own cooking, she times the meal so that the coffee and meat will be at their best at the time she asks the guest to come. If he is late, the food will not be so good, and the hostess will be disappointed. When the guest can not come on time, he calls his host or hostess on the telephone,gives the reason, and tells at what time he thinks he can come.
As guests continue to arrive, the men in the group stand when a woman enters and remain standing until she found a chair. A man always rises when he is being introduced to a woman. A woman does not rise when she is being introduced either to a man or a woman unless the woman is much older.
When the guests sit down at a dinner table, it is customary for the men to help the ladies by pushing their chairs under them.
Even an American may be confused by the number of knives, forks, and spoons besides his plate when he sits down to a formal dinner. The rule is simple, however: use them in the order in which they lie, beginning from the outside, or watch the hostess and do what she does. The small fork on the outside on the left is for salad, which is often served with the soup. The spoon on butter spreader, on a small bread-and-butter plate at the left. As the bread is passed, each guest puts his
piece on the bread-and-butter plate.
1. As a country of immigrants, the U.S. does not have its own dinning customs.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2. The guest is expected to arrive on time because the coffee and meat will be at their best at the time he is required to come.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3. A woman usually rises when she is being introduced to an aged gentleman.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4. At a dinner table, it is customary for the men to arrange chairs for ladies.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5. At formal American dinner, the knives, forks, and spoons besides the plate are placed in a certain order.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
6. The right order to use the knives, forks and spoons at a formal dinner is from the left to the right.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7. At a formal dinner, bread is usually served together with salad and soup.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned 第二篇
Computer Mouse
The basic computer mouse is an amazingly clever invention with a relatively simple design that allows us to point at things on the computer and it is very productive. Think of all the things you can do with a mouse like selecting text for copying and pasting, drawing, and even scrolling(上下移動文本) on the page with the newer mice with the wheel. Most of us use the computer mouse daily without stopping to think how it works until it gets dirty and we have to learn how to clean it. We learn to point at things before we learn to speak, so the mouse is a very natural pointing device. Other computer pointing devices include light pens, graphics tablets and touch screens, but the mouse is still our workhorse.
The computer mouse was invented in 1964 by Douglas Englehart of Stanford University. As computer screens became more popular and arrow keys were used to move around a body of text,it became clear that a pointing device that allowed easier motion through the text and even selection of text would be very useful. The introduction of the mouse, with the Apple Lisa computer in 1983, really started the computer public on the road to relying on the mouse for routine computer tasks.
How does the mouse work? We have to start at the bottom, so think upside down for now. It all starts with the mouse ball. As the mouse ball in the bottom of the mouse rolls over the mouse pad, it presses against and turns two shafts. The shafts are connected to wheels with several small holes in them. The wheels have a pair of small electronic light-emitting devices called light-emitting diodes(LED)mounted on either side. One LED sends a light beam to the LED on the other side. As the wheels spin (轉(zhuǎn)) and a hole rotates by, the light beam gets through to the LED on the other side.But a moment later the light beam is blocked until the next hole is in place. The LED detects a changing pattern of light, converts the pattern into an electronic signal, and sends the signal to the computer through wires in a cable that goes out of the mouse body. This cable is the tail that helps give the mouse its name. The computer interprets the signal to tell it where to position the cursor (光標) on the computer screen.
So far we have only discussed the basic computer mouse that most of you probably have or have used.One problem with this design is that the mouse gets dirty as the ball rolls over the surface and picks up dirt. Eventually you have to clean your mouse. The newer optical (光學的 ) mice avoid this problem by having no moving parts.
1. Most computer users want to know how the computer mouse works.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2. According to the author, general computer users need not to know how the computer mouse was invented.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3. The key components of a computer mouse are the two LEDs.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4. The computer mouse derives its name from the cable that goes out its body, which looks like the tail of a mouse.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5. When an ordinary computer mouse gets dirty, it has to be replaced with a new one.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
6. The most durable computer mice on sale are the IBM ones.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7. The optical mouse is superior to the basic one in that the former has no moving parts.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned 第三篇
El Nino (厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象)
While some forecasting methods had limited SUCCESS predicting the 1997 E1 Nino a few months in advance, the Columbia University researchers say their method can predict large E1 Nino events up to two years in advance. That would be good news for governments, farmers and others seeking to plan for the droughts and heavy rainfall that E1 Nino can produce in various parts of the world.
Using a computer the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to later E1 Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000 and were then able to anticipate E1 Nino events dating back to1857, using prior sea-surface temperatures. The results were reported in the latest issue of the journal Nature.
The researchers say their method is not perfect, but Bryan C. Weare. a meteorologist at the University of California, Davis, who was not involved in the work, said "itsuggestsE1 Nino is indeed predictable."
"This will probably convince others to search around more for even better methods."said Weare. He added that the new methodmakes it possible to predict E1 Nino at long lead times. Other models also use sea-surface temperatures, but they have not looked as far back because they need other data, which is only available for recent decades, Weare said.
The ability to predict the warming and cooling of the Pacitic is of immense importance. The 1997 E1 Nino, for example, caused an estimated$20 billion in damage worldwide, offset by beneficial effects in other areas, said David Anderson, of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts in Reading, England. The 1877 E1 Nino, meanwhile, coincided with a failure of the Indian monsoon and a famine that killed perhaps 40 million in India and China, prompting the development of seasonal forecasting, Anderson said.
When E1 Nino hit in 1991 and 1997,200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone, according to a 2002 United Nations report.
While predicting smaller E1 Nino events remains tricky, the ability to predict larger ones should be increased to at least a year if the new method is confirmed.
E1 Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and February. The warming tends to last between 9 and 12 months and occurs every two to seven years.
The new forecasting method does not predict any major E1 Nino events in the next two years,although a weak warming toward the end of this year is possible.
1. The method used by the Columbia University researchers can predict E1 Nino a few months in advance.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2. The Columbia University researchers studied the relationship between the past EI Nino occurrences and sea-surface temperatures.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3. The Columbia University researchers are the first to use sea-surface temperatures to match the past EI Nino occurrences.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4. Weare's contribution in predicting E1 Ninowas highly praised by other meteorologists.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5. According to a Chinese report, the flooding in China caused by E1 Nino in 1991 and 1997 affected 200 million Chinese people.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
6. It takes about eight months for E1 Nino to reach its peak.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7. A special institute has been set up in America to study El Nino.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned 答案與解析
第一篇
1． B。題干：作為移民國家，美國并沒有屬于自己的飲食習慣。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞可以定位到第一段的第一句話，由該句可知每個國家都有自己的飲食風俗，美國也不例外，故選擇B。
2． A。題干：女主人計算時間做飯，以便當客人在預期的時間里到達時可以享受到最可口的咖啡和飯菜。答案查找的相關(guān)線索詞為：OB time(準時)和coffee and meat(咖啡和肉)。先在第一段的第二句中找到on time，并在該段的第四句發(fā)現(xiàn)coffee andmeat，兩者信息相符，故選擇A。
3． B。題干：當一個女士被介紹給一個年長的男士時，她通常要站起來。相關(guān)線索詞為woman(女士)和an aged gentleman(一個年長的男士)。先在第二段的最后一句中找到woman和old(aged的近義詞)。但該句說的是“年長的女士”，不是年長的男士，所以該說法不正確，故選擇B。
4． C。題干：按照習俗，在餐桌上男人應(yīng)為女人安排座位。相關(guān)線索詞arrange chairs for ladies(為女士安排座位)或該短語的同義短語與句子。原文中并沒提到該動作，故選C。
5． A。題干：在美國的正式宴席上，盤子旁邊的刀、叉子和調(diào)羹按一定的順序擺放。答案查找的相關(guān)線索詞為：knives，forks and spoons(刀、叉子和調(diào)羹)。相關(guān)信息在第三段的第一句，說“原則是按照它們擺放的順序使用”，所以刀、叉子和調(diào)羹是有擺放順序的。故選A。
6． B。題干：在正式的美國宴席上，盤子旁邊的刀、叉子和調(diào)羹的使用順序是從左到右。這道題與前一題相關(guān)，在前一題我們已發(fā)現(xiàn)了涉及刀、叉子和調(diào)羹擺放順序的句子，而該句說“由外向內(nèi)”，故選B。
7． C。題干：在正式的美國宴席上，面包通常和沙拉、湯一塊兒吃。答案查找的相關(guān)線索詞為：bread和soup。原文第三段的第四句中發(fā)現(xiàn)“沙拉和湯一塊兒吃”的說法，但并沒提到面包，故選C。
第二篇
1． B。題干：大多數(shù)計算機使用者都想了解鼠標的工作原理。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞Most computer users和how the computer mouse works可以定位到第一段第三句，大多數(shù)計算機使用者天天用計算機，卻沒有想要了解一下鼠標的工作原理。題干信息與原文信息不符，故答案為B。
2． c。題干：短文作者認為一般計算機使用者無須了解鼠標是如何發(fā)明的。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞invent進行定位，發(fā)現(xiàn)題句表達的內(nèi)容短文中找不到，故答案為C。
3． A。題干：電腦鼠標的核心成分是兩根LED二極管。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞LED可以定位到短文的第三段：“The wheels have a pair of small electronic light．emitting devices called light-emitting diodes(LED)mounted on either side…．The LED detects a changing pattem of light，conveys the pattem into an electronic signal，and sends the signal to the computer through wires in a cable that goes out ofthe mouse body．”由此可知鼠標的部件有滾動部件(如滾球)，還有裝在兩側(cè)的光電裝置(如二極管等)。二極管將光信號轉(zhuǎn)換為電信號，傳送到計算機，計算機根據(jù)收到的電信號作出相應(yīng)的反應(yīng)。由此可知，二極管是鼠標的主要部件，而滾輪等只是輔助性的機械部件。題干對短文信息的推斷是正確的，故答案為A。
4． A。題干：鼠標的名稱源自鼠標主體拖出的一根看上去像鼠尾巴的電線。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞the tail ofa mouse可以定位到短文第三段倒數(shù)第二句、第三句所介紹的信息“…sends the signal tothe computer through wires in a cable that goes out of the mouse body．This cable is the tail that helps give the mouse its name．”，即通過鼠標拖出的一根線發(fā)送信號，而這條像尾巴一樣的線使得有了鼠標這個名字?？芍绢}選項A是正確答案。
5． B。題干：鼠標臟了，就得更換新的。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞dirty可以定位到最后一段倒數(shù)第二句，該句提到，即鼠標臟了可以擦干凈再用。題干的信息是錯誤的，故答案為B。
6． C。題干：當前市場上出售的最耐用的鼠標是IBM生產(chǎn)的鼠標。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞IBM進行定位，發(fā)現(xiàn)這一說法短文中找不到，故答案為C。
7． A。題干：光電鼠標比普通鼠標好是因為它沒有滾動部件。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞optical mouse可以定位到最后一段，該段提到，光電鼠標因為沒有普通鼠標使用的滾動部件，所以不會吸附灰塵，用不著擦拭，這是一種新型的鼠標。題干是對短文信息的一種合理推斷，故選項A是正確的。
第三篇
1． B。題干：哥倫比亞大學的研究者使用的方法可以提前幾個月預測厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象。利用句子中的特征詞Columbia University researchers和a few months in advance作為答案線索，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：“While some forecasting methods had limited SUCCESS predicting the 1997 E 1 Nino a few months in advance，the Columbia University researchers say their method can predict large E l Nino events up to two years in advance．”問題句說“提前幾個月”，而原文說“最遠能提前到兩年”，因此可見問題句的內(nèi)容中有與原文不一致的地方，因此判斷該句“不正確”。
2． A。題干：哥倫比亞大學的研究者研究了過去厄爾尼諾的發(fā)生與海平面溫度的關(guān)系。利用句子中的特征詞El Nino occurrences和sea．surface temperatures作為答案線索，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：“Using a computer the researchers matched sea．surface temperatures to later E1 Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000…”該句的含義基本上與問題句的內(nèi)容一致，還需要對信息1進行判斷：辨別the researchers是否就是“The Columbia University researchers”，而前文中出現(xiàn)的就是“The Columbia University researchers”，因此判斷信息1和信息2的內(nèi)容都在原文中有呼應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，因此判斷該句的說法正確。
3． C。題干：哥倫比亞大學的研究者首先將海平面溫度與過去厄爾尼諾的發(fā)生聯(lián)系起來。題干中出現(xiàn)的特征詞(the first)是判斷該句正誤的關(guān)鍵。利用該詞作為答案線索，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章中沒有出現(xiàn)這個詞。因為該旬是概括總結(jié)句，因此再利用句子出現(xiàn)的核心結(jié)構(gòu)sea—surface temperatures和the past El Nino occurrences作為答案線索，發(fā)現(xiàn)涉及這兩個結(jié)構(gòu)的句子所表達的句意都與問題句的內(nèi)容無關(guān)，因此判斷問題句的說法為“未提及”。
4． C。題干：Weare在預測厄爾尼諾方面的貢獻受到其他氣象學家的大力稱贊。利用句子中出現(xiàn)的特征詞Weare作為答案線索，發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句都沒有講述是否Weare在預測厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象方面做出了貢獻，也沒有提到他的貢獻是否得到了其他氣象學家的高度贊揚。
5． B。題干：根據(jù)中國的報告，1991年和1997年因為厄爾尼諾引起的洪災危及2億人。將句子中出現(xiàn)的特征詞Chinese report，in 1991 and l997和200 million Chinese people作為答案線索，發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：“When El Nino hit in l991 and 1997．200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone，according to a 2002 United Nations report．”由該句可知 是根據(jù)聯(lián)合國的報告而非中國的報告，故該句的內(nèi)容與問題句的內(nèi)容不一致。
6． A。題干：厄爾尼諾達到其峰值需要八個月的時間。該問題句內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)都較簡單，句子中出現(xiàn)了一個數(shù)字(八個月)，因此猜測對這個數(shù)字的辨別是解題的關(guān)鍵。借助eight months和句子中的核心詞peak作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句：“El Nino tends todevelop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and February．”借助該句含義可以推出El Nino需要大約八個月達到峰值。
7． C。題干：美國建立了一所特別的研究院來研究厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象。利用句子中出現(xiàn)的核心詞A special institute和America作為答案線索，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章中根本就沒有提到“在美國建立一所特別的研究院”，因此該句為“原文未提及”。
Dining Custom
Every land has its own dining custom, and the United States is no exception. Americans feel that the first rule of being a polite guest is to be on time. Ifa person is invited to dinner at 6:30, the hostess expects him to be there at 6:30 or not more than a few minutes after. Because she usually does her own cooking, she times the meal so that the coffee and meat will be at their best at the time she asks the guest to come. If he is late, the food will not be so good, and the hostess will be disappointed. When the guest can not come on time, he calls his host or hostess on the telephone,gives the reason, and tells at what time he thinks he can come.
As guests continue to arrive, the men in the group stand when a woman enters and remain standing until she found a chair. A man always rises when he is being introduced to a woman. A woman does not rise when she is being introduced either to a man or a woman unless the woman is much older.
When the guests sit down at a dinner table, it is customary for the men to help the ladies by pushing their chairs under them.
Even an American may be confused by the number of knives, forks, and spoons besides his plate when he sits down to a formal dinner. The rule is simple, however: use them in the order in which they lie, beginning from the outside, or watch the hostess and do what she does. The small fork on the outside on the left is for salad, which is often served with the soup. The spoon on butter spreader, on a small bread-and-butter plate at the left. As the bread is passed, each guest puts his
piece on the bread-and-butter plate.
1. As a country of immigrants, the U.S. does not have its own dinning customs.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2. The guest is expected to arrive on time because the coffee and meat will be at their best at the time he is required to come.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3. A woman usually rises when she is being introduced to an aged gentleman.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4. At a dinner table, it is customary for the men to arrange chairs for ladies.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5. At formal American dinner, the knives, forks, and spoons besides the plate are placed in a certain order.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
6. The right order to use the knives, forks and spoons at a formal dinner is from the left to the right.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7. At a formal dinner, bread is usually served together with salad and soup.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned 第二篇
Computer Mouse
The basic computer mouse is an amazingly clever invention with a relatively simple design that allows us to point at things on the computer and it is very productive. Think of all the things you can do with a mouse like selecting text for copying and pasting, drawing, and even scrolling(上下移動文本) on the page with the newer mice with the wheel. Most of us use the computer mouse daily without stopping to think how it works until it gets dirty and we have to learn how to clean it. We learn to point at things before we learn to speak, so the mouse is a very natural pointing device. Other computer pointing devices include light pens, graphics tablets and touch screens, but the mouse is still our workhorse.
The computer mouse was invented in 1964 by Douglas Englehart of Stanford University. As computer screens became more popular and arrow keys were used to move around a body of text,it became clear that a pointing device that allowed easier motion through the text and even selection of text would be very useful. The introduction of the mouse, with the Apple Lisa computer in 1983, really started the computer public on the road to relying on the mouse for routine computer tasks.
How does the mouse work? We have to start at the bottom, so think upside down for now. It all starts with the mouse ball. As the mouse ball in the bottom of the mouse rolls over the mouse pad, it presses against and turns two shafts. The shafts are connected to wheels with several small holes in them. The wheels have a pair of small electronic light-emitting devices called light-emitting diodes(LED)mounted on either side. One LED sends a light beam to the LED on the other side. As the wheels spin (轉(zhuǎn)) and a hole rotates by, the light beam gets through to the LED on the other side.But a moment later the light beam is blocked until the next hole is in place. The LED detects a changing pattern of light, converts the pattern into an electronic signal, and sends the signal to the computer through wires in a cable that goes out of the mouse body. This cable is the tail that helps give the mouse its name. The computer interprets the signal to tell it where to position the cursor (光標) on the computer screen.
So far we have only discussed the basic computer mouse that most of you probably have or have used.One problem with this design is that the mouse gets dirty as the ball rolls over the surface and picks up dirt. Eventually you have to clean your mouse. The newer optical (光學的 ) mice avoid this problem by having no moving parts.
1. Most computer users want to know how the computer mouse works.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2. According to the author, general computer users need not to know how the computer mouse was invented.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3. The key components of a computer mouse are the two LEDs.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4. The computer mouse derives its name from the cable that goes out its body, which looks like the tail of a mouse.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5. When an ordinary computer mouse gets dirty, it has to be replaced with a new one.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
6. The most durable computer mice on sale are the IBM ones.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7. The optical mouse is superior to the basic one in that the former has no moving parts.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned 第三篇
El Nino (厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象)
While some forecasting methods had limited SUCCESS predicting the 1997 E1 Nino a few months in advance, the Columbia University researchers say their method can predict large E1 Nino events up to two years in advance. That would be good news for governments, farmers and others seeking to plan for the droughts and heavy rainfall that E1 Nino can produce in various parts of the world.
Using a computer the researchers matched sea-surface temperatures to later E1 Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000 and were then able to anticipate E1 Nino events dating back to1857, using prior sea-surface temperatures. The results were reported in the latest issue of the journal Nature.
The researchers say their method is not perfect, but Bryan C. Weare. a meteorologist at the University of California, Davis, who was not involved in the work, said "itsuggestsE1 Nino is indeed predictable."
"This will probably convince others to search around more for even better methods."said Weare. He added that the new methodmakes it possible to predict E1 Nino at long lead times. Other models also use sea-surface temperatures, but they have not looked as far back because they need other data, which is only available for recent decades, Weare said.
The ability to predict the warming and cooling of the Pacitic is of immense importance. The 1997 E1 Nino, for example, caused an estimated$20 billion in damage worldwide, offset by beneficial effects in other areas, said David Anderson, of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts in Reading, England. The 1877 E1 Nino, meanwhile, coincided with a failure of the Indian monsoon and a famine that killed perhaps 40 million in India and China, prompting the development of seasonal forecasting, Anderson said.
When E1 Nino hit in 1991 and 1997,200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone, according to a 2002 United Nations report.
While predicting smaller E1 Nino events remains tricky, the ability to predict larger ones should be increased to at least a year if the new method is confirmed.
E1 Nino tends to develop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and February. The warming tends to last between 9 and 12 months and occurs every two to seven years.
The new forecasting method does not predict any major E1 Nino events in the next two years,although a weak warming toward the end of this year is possible.
1. The method used by the Columbia University researchers can predict E1 Nino a few months in advance.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
2. The Columbia University researchers studied the relationship between the past EI Nino occurrences and sea-surface temperatures.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
3. The Columbia University researchers are the first to use sea-surface temperatures to match the past EI Nino occurrences.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
4. Weare's contribution in predicting E1 Ninowas highly praised by other meteorologists.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
5. According to a Chinese report, the flooding in China caused by E1 Nino in 1991 and 1997 affected 200 million Chinese people.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
6. It takes about eight months for E1 Nino to reach its peak.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
7. A special institute has been set up in America to study El Nino.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned 答案與解析
第一篇
1． B。題干：作為移民國家，美國并沒有屬于自己的飲食習慣。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞可以定位到第一段的第一句話，由該句可知每個國家都有自己的飲食風俗，美國也不例外，故選擇B。
2． A。題干：女主人計算時間做飯，以便當客人在預期的時間里到達時可以享受到最可口的咖啡和飯菜。答案查找的相關(guān)線索詞為：OB time(準時)和coffee and meat(咖啡和肉)。先在第一段的第二句中找到on time，并在該段的第四句發(fā)現(xiàn)coffee andmeat，兩者信息相符，故選擇A。
3． B。題干：當一個女士被介紹給一個年長的男士時，她通常要站起來。相關(guān)線索詞為woman(女士)和an aged gentleman(一個年長的男士)。先在第二段的最后一句中找到woman和old(aged的近義詞)。但該句說的是“年長的女士”，不是年長的男士，所以該說法不正確，故選擇B。
4． C。題干：按照習俗，在餐桌上男人應(yīng)為女人安排座位。相關(guān)線索詞arrange chairs for ladies(為女士安排座位)或該短語的同義短語與句子。原文中并沒提到該動作，故選C。
5． A。題干：在美國的正式宴席上，盤子旁邊的刀、叉子和調(diào)羹按一定的順序擺放。答案查找的相關(guān)線索詞為：knives，forks and spoons(刀、叉子和調(diào)羹)。相關(guān)信息在第三段的第一句，說“原則是按照它們擺放的順序使用”，所以刀、叉子和調(diào)羹是有擺放順序的。故選A。
6． B。題干：在正式的美國宴席上，盤子旁邊的刀、叉子和調(diào)羹的使用順序是從左到右。這道題與前一題相關(guān)，在前一題我們已發(fā)現(xiàn)了涉及刀、叉子和調(diào)羹擺放順序的句子，而該句說“由外向內(nèi)”，故選B。
7． C。題干：在正式的美國宴席上，面包通常和沙拉、湯一塊兒吃。答案查找的相關(guān)線索詞為：bread和soup。原文第三段的第四句中發(fā)現(xiàn)“沙拉和湯一塊兒吃”的說法，但并沒提到面包，故選C。
第二篇
1． B。題干：大多數(shù)計算機使用者都想了解鼠標的工作原理。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞Most computer users和how the computer mouse works可以定位到第一段第三句，大多數(shù)計算機使用者天天用計算機，卻沒有想要了解一下鼠標的工作原理。題干信息與原文信息不符，故答案為B。
2． c。題干：短文作者認為一般計算機使用者無須了解鼠標是如何發(fā)明的。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞invent進行定位，發(fā)現(xiàn)題句表達的內(nèi)容短文中找不到，故答案為C。
3． A。題干：電腦鼠標的核心成分是兩根LED二極管。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞LED可以定位到短文的第三段：“The wheels have a pair of small electronic light．emitting devices called light-emitting diodes(LED)mounted on either side…．The LED detects a changing pattem of light，conveys the pattem into an electronic signal，and sends the signal to the computer through wires in a cable that goes out ofthe mouse body．”由此可知鼠標的部件有滾動部件(如滾球)，還有裝在兩側(cè)的光電裝置(如二極管等)。二極管將光信號轉(zhuǎn)換為電信號，傳送到計算機，計算機根據(jù)收到的電信號作出相應(yīng)的反應(yīng)。由此可知，二極管是鼠標的主要部件，而滾輪等只是輔助性的機械部件。題干對短文信息的推斷是正確的，故答案為A。
4． A。題干：鼠標的名稱源自鼠標主體拖出的一根看上去像鼠尾巴的電線。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞the tail ofa mouse可以定位到短文第三段倒數(shù)第二句、第三句所介紹的信息“…sends the signal tothe computer through wires in a cable that goes out of the mouse body．This cable is the tail that helps give the mouse its name．”，即通過鼠標拖出的一根線發(fā)送信號，而這條像尾巴一樣的線使得有了鼠標這個名字?？芍绢}選項A是正確答案。
5． B。題干：鼠標臟了，就得更換新的。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞dirty可以定位到最后一段倒數(shù)第二句，該句提到，即鼠標臟了可以擦干凈再用。題干的信息是錯誤的，故答案為B。
6． C。題干：當前市場上出售的最耐用的鼠標是IBM生產(chǎn)的鼠標。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞IBM進行定位，發(fā)現(xiàn)這一說法短文中找不到，故答案為C。
7． A。題干：光電鼠標比普通鼠標好是因為它沒有滾動部件。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞optical mouse可以定位到最后一段，該段提到，光電鼠標因為沒有普通鼠標使用的滾動部件，所以不會吸附灰塵，用不著擦拭，這是一種新型的鼠標。題干是對短文信息的一種合理推斷，故選項A是正確的。
第三篇
1． B。題干：哥倫比亞大學的研究者使用的方法可以提前幾個月預測厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象。利用句子中的特征詞Columbia University researchers和a few months in advance作為答案線索，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：“While some forecasting methods had limited SUCCESS predicting the 1997 E 1 Nino a few months in advance，the Columbia University researchers say their method can predict large E l Nino events up to two years in advance．”問題句說“提前幾個月”，而原文說“最遠能提前到兩年”，因此可見問題句的內(nèi)容中有與原文不一致的地方，因此判斷該句“不正確”。
2． A。題干：哥倫比亞大學的研究者研究了過去厄爾尼諾的發(fā)生與海平面溫度的關(guān)系。利用句子中的特征詞El Nino occurrences和sea．surface temperatures作為答案線索，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：“Using a computer the researchers matched sea．surface temperatures to later E1 Nino occurrences between 1980 and 2000…”該句的含義基本上與問題句的內(nèi)容一致，還需要對信息1進行判斷：辨別the researchers是否就是“The Columbia University researchers”，而前文中出現(xiàn)的就是“The Columbia University researchers”，因此判斷信息1和信息2的內(nèi)容都在原文中有呼應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，因此判斷該句的說法正確。
3． C。題干：哥倫比亞大學的研究者首先將海平面溫度與過去厄爾尼諾的發(fā)生聯(lián)系起來。題干中出現(xiàn)的特征詞(the first)是判斷該句正誤的關(guān)鍵。利用該詞作為答案線索，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章中沒有出現(xiàn)這個詞。因為該旬是概括總結(jié)句，因此再利用句子出現(xiàn)的核心結(jié)構(gòu)sea—surface temperatures和the past El Nino occurrences作為答案線索，發(fā)現(xiàn)涉及這兩個結(jié)構(gòu)的句子所表達的句意都與問題句的內(nèi)容無關(guān)，因此判斷問題句的說法為“未提及”。
4． C。題干：Weare在預測厄爾尼諾方面的貢獻受到其他氣象學家的大力稱贊。利用句子中出現(xiàn)的特征詞Weare作為答案線索，發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句都沒有講述是否Weare在預測厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象方面做出了貢獻，也沒有提到他的貢獻是否得到了其他氣象學家的高度贊揚。
5． B。題干：根據(jù)中國的報告，1991年和1997年因為厄爾尼諾引起的洪災危及2億人。將句子中出現(xiàn)的特征詞Chinese report，in 1991 and l997和200 million Chinese people作為答案線索，發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：“When El Nino hit in l991 and 1997．200 million people were affected by flooding in China alone，according to a 2002 United Nations report．”由該句可知 是根據(jù)聯(lián)合國的報告而非中國的報告，故該句的內(nèi)容與問題句的內(nèi)容不一致。
6． A。題干：厄爾尼諾達到其峰值需要八個月的時間。該問題句內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)都較簡單，句子中出現(xiàn)了一個數(shù)字(八個月)，因此猜測對這個數(shù)字的辨別是解題的關(guān)鍵。借助eight months和句子中的核心詞peak作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句：“El Nino tends todevelop between April and June and reaches its peak between December and February．”借助該句含義可以推出El Nino需要大約八個月達到峰值。
7． C。題干：美國建立了一所特別的研究院來研究厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象。利用句子中出現(xiàn)的核心詞A special institute和America作為答案線索，發(fā)現(xiàn)文章中根本就沒有提到“在美國建立一所特別的研究院”，因此該句為“原文未提及”。