初中英語語法大全:直接引語和間接引語

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    1定義:直接引語和間接引語:在陳述句中,直接引用說話人原來的語句,稱為直接引語。在書寫時,直接引語用引號。用自己的詞語來轉(zhuǎn)述表達原來說話人說的內(nèi)容,稱為間接引語。
    2、直接引語改變?yōu)殚g接引語:                             
    直接引語如果是陳述句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時應注意以下各點:  
    ①不用引號,而用連接詞that,但有時可省略。
    ②人稱作相應變化;
    如:She said, “I went to see Mr. Liu yesterday.” 她說:“我昨天去看過劉老師了?!?BR>    She said that she had gone to see Mr. Liu the day before. 她說那天她去看過劉老師了。
    ③時態(tài)的變化列表如下:
     

    直接引語
    

    間接引語
    

一般現(xiàn)在時:
    

“I am very glad to visit your workshop,” she said.
    

我很高興參觀你們的車間。她說。
    

一般過去時:
    

She said that she was very glad to visit our workshop.
    

她說她很高興參觀我們的車間。
    


    

正在進行時:
    

“I am checking your homework now,”his mother said.
    

 “我現(xiàn)在正在檢查你的作業(yè),他母親說。
    


    

過去進行時:
    

His mother said that she was checking his homework then. 他母親說她當時正在檢查他的作業(yè)。
    

現(xiàn)在完成時:
    

“Have you handed in the money for the tickets?”the monitor asked. “你交票款了嗎?班長問。
    

過去完成時:
    

The monitor asked me if I had handed in the money for the tickets. 班長問我是否交票款了。
    

一般過去時:
    

She said, “My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday.” 她說,我母親昨天帶我去看了展覽。
    

過去完成時:
    

She said that her mother had taken her to an exhibition the day before. 她說她母親前一天帶她去看了展覽。
    


     
    但是,要注意下面的情況:直接引語說的是科學真理、格言時,無論主句用何時態(tài),間接引語仍用一般時。如:
    The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”老師說:“太陽在東方升起,在西邊落下?!?BR>