如何托??谡Z(yǔ)第四題

字號(hào):

一、題目介紹
    第四題包含了讀、聽、說(shuō)三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。首先,要在45秒內(nèi)閱讀一篇75至100字左右的學(xué)術(shù)短文,內(nèi)容會(huì)涉及某個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)名詞以及該名詞的定義解釋。之后,聽力部分是一段課堂內(nèi)容節(jié)選, 教授會(huì)引用一個(gè)或兩個(gè)具體的實(shí)例來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明閱讀短文中的學(xué)術(shù)概念。后,同學(xué)們需要將閱讀和聽力部分所記錄的重點(diǎn)復(fù)述出來(lái)。
    下面讓我們來(lái)熟悉一下這種題型,看如何在閱讀短文時(shí)掌握大概內(nèi)容,從上課內(nèi)容中聽出細(xì)節(jié),后將兩者聯(lián)系起來(lái)回答問題。
    二、例題講解
    我們以2012年12月8日新托??谡Z(yǔ)考試第四題為例來(lái)看一下如何解答這類題目。
    1. 解題步驟
    第一步:讀短文
    Promotion Risk
    In management science, a "promotion risk” is an individual with the following features. First, the individual has been promoted into a high or relatively high position in the company. He has been promoted because of demonstrated superior abilities for some of his position’s more important tasks. However, the individual also displays certain weaknesses for performing other of his position’s duties. Such a person is a “risk” because his weaknesses may lead to serious errors which damage the company or reduce profits. So the company must consider the risk when making the promotion or hiring decision.
    閱讀技巧:
    1)在45秒內(nèi)迅速地將標(biāo)題及其定義記錄下來(lái),例如:
    標(biāo)題:Promotion Risk
    定義:Promotion Risk: something companies have to face when promoting those whose ability makes profits while their weaknesses may also result in damage to companies.
    也可以將定義縮寫,比如:
    Promotion Risk: risk face by 司→promote sb. ∵ability→profit, but weak→損
    2)然后將標(biāo)題和定義帶入下面的模板,完成閱讀部分的復(fù)述:
    The reading is about an academic topic known as promotion risk which refers to something companies have to face when promoting those whose ability makes profits while their weaknesses may also result in damage to companies.
    第二步:聽錄音
    教授在舉例解釋定義之前會(huì)重新闡明一下標(biāo)題的定義,這部分內(nèi)容不需要記錄。拿好筆,記錄講座的具體事例。請(qǐng)注意下面聽力原文中的粗體字。
    I think most of us know, or have heard about, someone who is a promotion risk. Generally speaking, the person has talents which may produce great success for his company; however, his weaknesses may also destroy the effect of those successes by reducing profits or driving away other talented staff. To help you understand the concept, let’s look at an example of a real-life promotion risk.
    A software designer graduated from MIT. After a software company hired him, he was the most talented designer on any team and made a lot of profit for the company.
    He was a big reason the company was so successful in those years. Later, he was promoted to division manager at headquarters.
    That’s when the trouble started. He was a genius as a software designer but not as a key team leader. As a manager, he thought he was always right. He never discussed anything with his team members, but just gave orders. In six months, about a quarter of his highly-talented staff was leaving or threatening to leave.
    And that is still the problem. The company can’t demote him, because it would undermine staff faith in the company management. So, well, he's just something the company has to put up with. Put up with, and remember the next time they promote a “genius”.
    聽力技巧:
    如果你足夠細(xì)心,你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)聽力原文中的粗色字體大部分為句子的賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),如:
    He was the most talented designer.
    He made a lot of profit for the company.
    He thought he was always right.
    另外,還有一些至關(guān)重要的動(dòng)詞承上啟下,如:he was promoted/trouble started/never discussed, but gave orders/can’t demote him/has to put up with。
    因此,重要信息大多出現(xiàn)在句子的賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)中,動(dòng)詞偶爾客串以連接重要信息。
    筆記如下:
    閱讀部分
    Promotion Risk: risk face by 司→promote sb. ∵ability→profit, but weak→損
    聽力部分
    e.g. prf→software designer
    才designer→profit→公
    ∴promoted
    trouble ∵×good leader
    ×discuss with others, but order
    ∴others leave
    but 公司×fire
    ∵h(yuǎn)e=promot~ risk公 擔(dān)
    然后將上述筆記帶入模板,答案復(fù)述完成。
    2. 參考模板
    閱讀部分
    The reading is about an academic topic known as… which refers to…
    聽力部分
    And then the professor explains this concept by giving an example in the lecture.(過(guò)渡句,起著連接閱讀和聽力的作用。)
    According to the lecture…(將筆記帶入,復(fù)述例子)
    3. 參考答案
    The reading is about an academic topic known as promotion risk which refers to something companies have to face when promoting those whose ability makes profits while their weaknesses may also result in damage to companies.
    The professor explains this idea by giving an example of a software designer in the lecture.
    According to the lecture, this designer is talented in software designing and has brought his company a lot of profit, so he gets promoted to a higher position. However, here comes a problem, he is not a good team leader at all. For example, he never discusses with others, but just gives orders. As a result, other employees leave the company. However, the company cannot fire him because he is the promotion risk that the company has to face.