【句型16】But the significant thing is not the behaviour of the players but the attitude of the spectators: and, behind the spectators, of the nations who work themselves into furies over these absurd contests, and seriously believe—at any rate for short periods—that running, jumping and kicking a ball are tests of national virtue. （Lesson 6）
【譯文】但是，令人感到意味深長(zhǎng)的不是運(yùn)動(dòng)員的表現(xiàn)，而是觀眾的態(tài)度，以及觀眾身后各個(gè)國(guó)家的態(tài)度。面對(duì)著這些荒唐的比賽，參賽的各個(gè)國(guó)家會(huì)如癡如狂，甚至煞有介事地相信——至少在短期內(nèi)如此——跑跑、跳跳、踢踢球都是對(duì)一個(gè)國(guó)家品德素質(zhì)的檢驗(yàn)。
【講解】and, behind the spectators, of the nations…are tests of national virtue是對(duì)But the significant thing…the attitude of the spectators的引申。當(dāng)句子后有表示說(shuō)明，解釋、引申的內(nèi)容時(shí)用冒號(hào)。behind spectators作定語(yǔ)，修飾nations，前置是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)。of the nations前省略了the attitude。work和believe是定語(yǔ)從句中的并列謂語(yǔ)。at any rate for short periods作插入語(yǔ)，句中的兩個(gè)破折號(hào)隔開(kāi)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的插入語(yǔ)。
【句型17】To get a full appreciation of what this means we must turn first to some recent human inventions.（Lesson 7）
【譯文】要透徹理解這句話的含義，我們應(yīng)先回顧人類(lèi)近的幾項(xiàng)發(fā)明。
【句型18】Chickens slaughtered in the United States, claim officials in Brussels, are not fit to grace European tables.（Lesson 8） 【譯文】布魯塞爾的官員說(shuō)，在美國(guó)屠宰的雞不適于裝點(diǎn)歐洲的餐桌。 【講解】slaughtered in the United States為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)，作定語(yǔ)，修飾chickens。此句也可以寫(xiě)成Officials in Brussels say that chickens slaughtered in the United States are not fit to grace European tables. 原文的寫(xiě)法是為了凸顯chickens slaughtered in the United States。本句和該課第二句是新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)中的常見(jiàn)句型： 【原文】No, say the American: our fowl are fine, we simply clean them in a different way. 【譯文】不，美國(guó)人說(shuō)：我們的家禽很好，只是我們用了另一種方式清洗。 【講解】to get a full appreciation of what this means作目的狀語(yǔ)，修飾turn。不定式作狀語(yǔ)放在句首，比放在后邊更要正式，語(yǔ)氣較重。
【句型18】Chickens slaughtered in the United States, claim officials in Brussels, are not fit to grace European tables.（Lesson 8） 【譯文】布魯塞爾的官員說(shuō)，在美國(guó)屠宰的雞不適于裝點(diǎn)歐洲的餐桌。 【講解】slaughtered in the United States為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)，作定語(yǔ)，修飾chickens。此句也可以寫(xiě)成Officials in Brussels say that chickens slaughtered in the United States are not fit to grace European tables. 原文的寫(xiě)法是為了凸顯chickens slaughtered in the United States。本句和該課第二句是新聞?dòng)⒄Z(yǔ)中的常見(jiàn)句型： 【原文】No, say the American: our fowl are fine, we simply clean them in a different way. 【譯文】不，美國(guó)人說(shuō)：我們的家禽很好，只是我們用了另一種方式清洗。 【講解】to get a full appreciation of what this means作目的狀語(yǔ)，修飾turn。不定式作狀語(yǔ)放在句首，比放在后邊更要正式，語(yǔ)氣較重。