Text
Lesson 26 Wanted: a large biscuit tin 征購大餅干筒
No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements. Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things we want, for advertising exerts a subtle influence on us. In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that product, advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our little weaknesses.
Advertisers discovered years ago that all of us love to get something for nothing. An advertisement which begins with the magic word FREE can rarely go wrong. These days, advertisers not only offer free samples but free cars, free houses, and free trips round the world as well. They devise hundreds of competitions which will enable us to win huge sums of money. Radio and television have made it possible for advertisers to capture the attention of millions of people in this way.
During a radio programme, a company of biscuit manufacturers once asked listeners to bake biscuits and send them to their factory. They offered to pay $10 a pound for the biggest biscuit baked by a listener. The response to this competition was tremendous. Before long, biscuits of all shapes and sizes began arriving at the factory. One lady brought in a biscuit on a wheelbarrow. It weighed nearly 500 pounds. A little later, a man came along with a biscuit which occupied the whole boot of his car. All the biscuits that were sent were carefully weighed. The largest was 713 pounds. It seemed certain that this would win the prize. But just before the competition closed, a lorry arrived at the factory with a truly colossal biscuit which weighed 2,400 pounds. It had been baked by a college student who had used over 1,000 pounds of flour, 800 pounds of sugar, 200 pounds of fat, and 400 pounds of various other ingredients. It was so heavy that a crane had to be used to remove it from the lorry. The manufacturers had to pay more money than they had anticipated, for they bought the biscuit from the student for $24,000.
Language points
(Attention： The following points are not covered by the video. It is better for you to watch the video or listen to the MP3 first and try to take notes on your own. Then you may check here to get more details. )
1, No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements.
Advertisements always exert influence on everybody.
No one ,avoid, 雙重否定
No students can avoid being influenced by their teachers
2, Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things we want, for advertising exerts a subtle influence on us..
讓步狀語從句，though, although,as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，句子要采用倒裝形式( adj. / adv. / n. / v.用在as之前)
1.adj. + as + 主語+ 謂語
Rich as he is, he is not happy.
Tired as I was, I try to help them.
2.adv. (much ) + as + 從句
Much as I like you, I will not marry you.
Much as I hate do it, I must stay home and study English.雖然我不愿意這么做，但我今晚必須呆在家里學(xué)習(xí)英語。
3.v. + as + 主語 + 助動詞
Try as they may, they will never succeed.即使他們很努力，但他們不會成功。
Object as my parents may, I decide to do it.不管我父母怎樣反對，我都決定要這樣做。
3，In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that product,
effort
1. n. (U) 努力，竭盡全力 (需要花費腦力和體力的事情)
Eg.: It took a lot of effort to lift the box.
A great deal of effort has gone into this exhibition.
2. n. (C) 努力，竭盡全力 make every effort
Eg.: We are making every effort to study English.
in one’s effort to do:為了干好某事，在干好某事的努力過程當(dāng)中
Eg.: The company is selling off some of its buildings in their efforts to save money.
In their efforts to learn English well, they spend a lot of time.
4, advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our little weaknesses.
make a close (careful ) study:對什么做了仔細的研究
Advertisers make every effort in order to sell their products
5, Advertisers discovered years ago that all of us love to get something for nothing.
get something for nothing ( free ): 免費得到…….
6, They devise hundreds of competitions which will enable us to win huge sums of money.
enable sb. to do: 使某人能夠做某事
Eg.: Hard work will enable you to pass the examinaiton, otherwise, no way.
7, Radio and television have made it possible for advertisers to capture the attention of millions of people in this way.
make it possible for sb to do sth 使……可能
Eg.: His fwe material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease.
The money he won made it possible for him to make a tour around the world
8, The response to this competition was tremendous. Before long, biscuits of all shapes and sizes began arriving at the factory.
responce = reaction: 反映
before long = soon, shortly
biscuits of all shapes (sizes ), shoes of all sizes
9, It seemed certain that this would win the prize.
.It seemed certain that...
注意：用it 做形式主語表示肯定時，要用certain,而不能用sure.
We are sure / certain...
It is certain...
Key structures
定語從句(五)
1.指人的關(guān)系代詞：who, whom, whose, that 的用法：
(1)作主語(who, that )
Those who are going to play in the match are to meet at the gate at 1:30 after lunch.
那些參加比賽的人午飯后1：30在大門口集合。
在本句中，先行詞是those;關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)定語從句，同時代替先行詞在從句中擔(dān)任動詞are going to play 的主語。
(2)作賓語包括作介詞賓語(whom, that )。此種情況下的關(guān)系代詞可以省略;
This is just the man(whom/that) I want for the job.這正是我要的做這份工作的人。
在本句中，先行詞是the man;關(guān)系代詞whom/that 引導(dǎo)定語從句，同時代替先行詞在從句中擔(dān)任動詞want 的賓語。
(3)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞緊跟介詞作介詞賓語時，不能用that，也不能省略，
如：The book from which I got a lot of useful information was written by a famous scientist.
我從中得到許多有用信息的那本書是一位科學(xué)家寫的。
但是當(dāng)介詞放在從句末尾時，作為介詞賓語的關(guān)系代詞可以用that 并且可以省略。
如上頭兩句可改為：
The book (that /which) I got a lot of information from was written by a famous scientist.
大家學(xué)得怎么樣?我們來測試一下吧!(選擇題每題5HY,翻譯題每題15HY)
Exercises
Multiple choices
1 What among other things enables advertisers to sell a product more easily?
a. Knowing that we will buy anything provided it tastes good.
b. Giving every customer something free with each product he buys.
c. Having so many free things all over the world to tempt people with.
d. Having radio and television at their disposal to promote their products.
2 The people who entered the competition did so because _____ .
a. they wanted to get something for nothing
b. they hoped by winning easily to cover the cost of the baking ingredients
c. they hoped to receive the prize money of $24,000
d. the manufacturers had offered free biscuits to anyone who entered
Translation
3，招聘秘書
4，I think you should avoid going shopping on Saturdays.
5，為了減少犯罪，政府加強了警力。
6，正在和王先生說話的那個人是一個有名的醫(yī)生。
7，他是你在找的那位經(jīng)理嗎?
8，你剛才和他說話的那個男孩是誰?
Lesson 26 Wanted: a large biscuit tin 征購大餅干筒
No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements. Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things we want, for advertising exerts a subtle influence on us. In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that product, advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our little weaknesses.
Advertisers discovered years ago that all of us love to get something for nothing. An advertisement which begins with the magic word FREE can rarely go wrong. These days, advertisers not only offer free samples but free cars, free houses, and free trips round the world as well. They devise hundreds of competitions which will enable us to win huge sums of money. Radio and television have made it possible for advertisers to capture the attention of millions of people in this way.
During a radio programme, a company of biscuit manufacturers once asked listeners to bake biscuits and send them to their factory. They offered to pay $10 a pound for the biggest biscuit baked by a listener. The response to this competition was tremendous. Before long, biscuits of all shapes and sizes began arriving at the factory. One lady brought in a biscuit on a wheelbarrow. It weighed nearly 500 pounds. A little later, a man came along with a biscuit which occupied the whole boot of his car. All the biscuits that were sent were carefully weighed. The largest was 713 pounds. It seemed certain that this would win the prize. But just before the competition closed, a lorry arrived at the factory with a truly colossal biscuit which weighed 2,400 pounds. It had been baked by a college student who had used over 1,000 pounds of flour, 800 pounds of sugar, 200 pounds of fat, and 400 pounds of various other ingredients. It was so heavy that a crane had to be used to remove it from the lorry. The manufacturers had to pay more money than they had anticipated, for they bought the biscuit from the student for $24,000.
Language points
(Attention： The following points are not covered by the video. It is better for you to watch the video or listen to the MP3 first and try to take notes on your own. Then you may check here to get more details. )
1, No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements.
Advertisements always exert influence on everybody.
No one ,avoid, 雙重否定
No students can avoid being influenced by their teachers
2, Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things we want, for advertising exerts a subtle influence on us..
讓步狀語從句，though, although,as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，句子要采用倒裝形式( adj. / adv. / n. / v.用在as之前)
1.adj. + as + 主語+ 謂語
Rich as he is, he is not happy.
Tired as I was, I try to help them.
2.adv. (much ) + as + 從句
Much as I like you, I will not marry you.
Much as I hate do it, I must stay home and study English.雖然我不愿意這么做，但我今晚必須呆在家里學(xué)習(xí)英語。
3.v. + as + 主語 + 助動詞
Try as they may, they will never succeed.即使他們很努力，但他們不會成功。
Object as my parents may, I decide to do it.不管我父母怎樣反對，我都決定要這樣做。
3，In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that product,
effort
1. n. (U) 努力，竭盡全力 (需要花費腦力和體力的事情)
Eg.: It took a lot of effort to lift the box.
A great deal of effort has gone into this exhibition.
2. n. (C) 努力，竭盡全力 make every effort
Eg.: We are making every effort to study English.
in one’s effort to do:為了干好某事，在干好某事的努力過程當(dāng)中
Eg.: The company is selling off some of its buildings in their efforts to save money.
In their efforts to learn English well, they spend a lot of time.
4, advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our little weaknesses.
make a close (careful ) study:對什么做了仔細的研究
Advertisers make every effort in order to sell their products
5, Advertisers discovered years ago that all of us love to get something for nothing.
get something for nothing ( free ): 免費得到…….
6, They devise hundreds of competitions which will enable us to win huge sums of money.
enable sb. to do: 使某人能夠做某事
Eg.: Hard work will enable you to pass the examinaiton, otherwise, no way.
7, Radio and television have made it possible for advertisers to capture the attention of millions of people in this way.
make it possible for sb to do sth 使……可能
Eg.: His fwe material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease.
The money he won made it possible for him to make a tour around the world
8, The response to this competition was tremendous. Before long, biscuits of all shapes and sizes began arriving at the factory.
responce = reaction: 反映
before long = soon, shortly
biscuits of all shapes (sizes ), shoes of all sizes
9, It seemed certain that this would win the prize.
.It seemed certain that...
注意：用it 做形式主語表示肯定時，要用certain,而不能用sure.
We are sure / certain...
It is certain...
Key structures
定語從句(五)
1.指人的關(guān)系代詞：who, whom, whose, that 的用法：
(1)作主語(who, that )
Those who are going to play in the match are to meet at the gate at 1:30 after lunch.
那些參加比賽的人午飯后1：30在大門口集合。
在本句中，先行詞是those;關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)定語從句，同時代替先行詞在從句中擔(dān)任動詞are going to play 的主語。
(2)作賓語包括作介詞賓語(whom, that )。此種情況下的關(guān)系代詞可以省略;
This is just the man(whom/that) I want for the job.這正是我要的做這份工作的人。
在本句中，先行詞是the man;關(guān)系代詞whom/that 引導(dǎo)定語從句，同時代替先行詞在從句中擔(dān)任動詞want 的賓語。
(3)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞緊跟介詞作介詞賓語時，不能用that，也不能省略，
如：The book from which I got a lot of useful information was written by a famous scientist.
我從中得到許多有用信息的那本書是一位科學(xué)家寫的。
但是當(dāng)介詞放在從句末尾時，作為介詞賓語的關(guān)系代詞可以用that 并且可以省略。
如上頭兩句可改為：
The book (that /which) I got a lot of information from was written by a famous scientist.
大家學(xué)得怎么樣?我們來測試一下吧!(選擇題每題5HY,翻譯題每題15HY)
Exercises
Multiple choices
1 What among other things enables advertisers to sell a product more easily?
a. Knowing that we will buy anything provided it tastes good.
b. Giving every customer something free with each product he buys.
c. Having so many free things all over the world to tempt people with.
d. Having radio and television at their disposal to promote their products.
2 The people who entered the competition did so because _____ .
a. they wanted to get something for nothing
b. they hoped by winning easily to cover the cost of the baking ingredients
c. they hoped to receive the prize money of $24,000
d. the manufacturers had offered free biscuits to anyone who entered
Translation
3，招聘秘書
4，I think you should avoid going shopping on Saturdays.
5，為了減少犯罪，政府加強了警力。
6，正在和王先生說話的那個人是一個有名的醫(yī)生。
7，他是你在找的那位經(jīng)理嗎?
8，你剛才和他說話的那個男孩是誰?