A cold welcome 冷遇-新概念英語第二冊自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀筆記第09課

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新概念英語第二冊第9課課文詳注 further notes on the text
    1.…a large crowd of people had gathered under the town hall clock. ……一大群人聚集在市政廳的大鐘下面。
    had gathered為過去完成時(shí),表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。(cf. 第14課語法)
    2.it would strike twelve in twenty minutes' time. 再過20分鐘,大鐘將敲響12下。
    (1)這句話的時(shí)態(tài)為過去將來時(shí)。
    (2)in+表示時(shí)間長度的短語可譯為"……時(shí)間之后",一般與將來時(shí)連用:
    please wait a moment here. jack will be back in a few minutes.
    請?jiān)诖松院颉=芸藥追昼娭缶突貋怼?BR>    (3)strike的基本含義是"打"、"擊":
    she struck the man in the face.
    她打了那人的臉。
    當(dāng)用于鐘、樂器等東西時(shí),它有"敲"、"彈"的含義:
    when i entered the room, the clock struck five.
    我進(jìn)屋時(shí),鐘敲響了5點(diǎn)。
    3.we waited and waited, but nothing happened. 我們等啊等啊,可情況沒有變化。
    動(dòng)詞 happen作"發(fā)生"、"出現(xiàn)"講時(shí),主語是物:
    have you heard what happened to sam this morning?
    你聽說今天上午薩姆發(fā)生了什么事了嗎?
    an interesting thing happened last night.
    昨晚發(fā)生了一件有趣的事。
    4.the big clock refused to welcome the new year. 那座大鐘不愿意迎接新年。
    這句話中的兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞 refuse和welcome在一般情況下主語都是人。我們可以說:
    susan's friends welcomed her with flowers when she returned from abroad.
    蘇珊從國外回來時(shí),她的朋友們用鮮花歡迎她。
    在書上的這句話中,用大鐘作主語是一種擬人手法。
    新概念英語第二冊第9課語法 grammar in use
    1.引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語的介詞 in, on, at, during, till與 until
    (1)用in的時(shí)間短語有:
    表示一天中的某段時(shí)間:
    in the morning在早上
    in the afternoon/ evening 在下午/晚上
    表示月份、年份:
    in march 在3月
    in september 在9月
    in 1984 在1984年
    表示季節(jié):
    in (the) spring 在春天
    in (the) winter 在冬天
    in+ 一段時(shí)間有兩種含義。它可以表示"在某段時(shí)間之內(nèi)",這時(shí)它可以與現(xiàn)在時(shí)、過去時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)連用,一般與完成某個(gè)動(dòng)作有關(guān):
    i always eat my breakfast in ten minutes.
    我總是在10分鐘之內(nèi)吃完早飯。
    i finished the examination in two hours.
    我在兩小時(shí)之內(nèi)做完了考題。
    另外,它還可以表示"……時(shí)間之后",與將來時(shí)連用:mother will be back in ten days.
    母親10天后回來。
    (2)用on的時(shí)間短語有:
    表示星期:
    on monday 星期一
    on friday 星期五
    on monday morning/evening 在星期一早上/晚上表示日期:
    on june 1st 在6月1日
    on 23rd march 在3月23日
    (在書寫日期時(shí)沒有冠詞,但在口語中則分別讀為:on june the first, on the 23rd of march)
    表示星期+日期:
    on monday, june 1st 在6月1日,星期一
    表示具體時(shí)間:
    on that day 在那一天
    on that evening 在那天晚上
    my brother's birthday is on august 12th.我哥哥的生日是8月12日。
    (3)用at的時(shí)間短語有:
    表示確切的時(shí)間:
    at 10 o'clock 在10點(diǎn)鐘
    at 5 'clock 在5點(diǎn)鐘
    表示用餐時(shí)間:
    at lunch/ dinner time 在午飯/正餐時(shí)間
    at teatime 在茶點(diǎn)時(shí)間
    表示其他時(shí)刻:
    at noon/ night/ midnight 在中午/夜里/半夜
    at this time 在這時(shí)
    liz came to see me at ten/ teatime.
    莉茲10點(diǎn)/在茶點(diǎn)時(shí)來看我了。
    (4)during后必須跟一個(gè)名詞,可以指整個(gè)一段時(shí)間。它有時(shí)可以用in替代:
    it was very hot during the summer.
    那年夏天很熱。
    he has phoned four times during the last half hour.
    在這半小時(shí)內(nèi)他打了4次電話。
    但在下面的例句中則不可用in替代during:
    i met him sometime during the week.
    我是在這一周的某天遇見他的。
    during the whole winter it never snowed.
    整個(gè)冬季一直沒下雪。
    (5)from…till…指一段明確的時(shí)間:
    the tourist season runs from june till october.
    旅游季節(jié)從6月一直到10月。
    (6)當(dāng)所用動(dòng)詞只表示一個(gè)短暫的動(dòng)作(如finish, leave)時(shí),則只能在否定句中用till/ until:
    i won't leave till/ until monday.
    我要到星期一才離開。
    2.否定句的兩種形式:not any與 no
    對于一般疑問句,可以有兩種否定的回答:
    否定詞no比not any的語氣要強(qiáng),但這兩種否定的意義是相同的。no可構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞nobody, none, nothing, nowhere; any可構(gòu)成復(fù)合詞anybody, anything和anywhere:
    在一個(gè)句子中通常只能有一個(gè)否定詞(包括never, hardly等詞):
    而除黑人英語外一般不說:* i can't get no eggs.*
    新概念英語第二冊第9課詞匯學(xué)習(xí) word study
    1.gather
    (1)vt. 使集攏,集合,召集:
    he gathered a large crowd of people round him.
    他在自己周圍聚集了一大群人。
    (2)vt. 收集,采集,收(莊稼等):
    the children are out in the field gathering flowers.
    孩子們在外面地里采花。
    it has taken me a lifetime to gather all these books.
    收集所有這些書花了我一輩子的時(shí)間。
    (3)vi. 集攏,聚集,集合:
    they gathered under the town hall clock.
    他們聚集在市政廳的大鐘下面。
    2. refuse
    (1)vt. 拒絕(接受、服從等):
    she refused the gift.
    她拒絕接受這份禮物。
    (2)vt. 拒不,不肯,不愿:
    mary refused to tell her age.
    瑪麗不愿說出自己的年齡。
    john refused to change his mind.
    約翰拒不改變主意。
    (3)vi. 拒絕,不接受:
    i offered to pay him for his help, but he refused.
    對于他的幫助我提出給他報(bào)酬,但他拒絕了。
    新概念英語第二冊第9課練習(xí)答案 key to written exercises
    1.關(guān)鍵句型練習(xí)答案
    a 1 we went to the town hall on wednesday evening/ new year's eve.
    2 the clock would strike twelve in twenty minutes time.
    3 the clock stopped at five to twelve.
    b 1 in 2 on 3 during/ in 4 in 5 at
    6 on…in 7 in 8 at…in 9 until
    c (sample answers)
    1 the match will begin at 3 o'clock.
    2 they bought their house in 1980.
    3 the shop is closed from one till two.
    4 the children went to school in the morning.
    5 he'll finish school in two years' time.
    6 let's go for a walk in the evening.
    7 he went to church on sunday.
    2.難點(diǎn)練習(xí)答案
    a 1 no, i haven't any/ have no money.
    2 no, i didn't go anywhere/ went nowhere in the holidays.
    3 no, i didn't buy anything/ bought nothing this morning.
    4 no, there wasn't anybody/ was nobody present when the accident happened.
    b he has no hobbies. he goes nowhere. he sees nobody. he is interested in nothing----except food!
    3.多項(xiàng)選擇題答案
    1 b 2 b 3 d 4 a 5 a 6 b
    7 b 8 d 9 b 10 b 11 d 12 c