2016年四級語法精講:獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

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一 、獨立結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成:
    只有當(dāng)分詞短語的邏輯主語和句子主語不一致時,我們才能用獨立結(jié)構(gòu)。獨立結(jié)構(gòu)只用做狀語,多用于書面語言。常見的獨立結(jié)構(gòu)有以下幾種:
    (一) 名詞/代詞+分詞(包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞):
    1 The boy ran quickly, his father following. (表示伴隨情況)
    2 He lay on his back, his hands acrossed under his head. (表示伴隨情況)
    (二)名詞/代詞+形容詞:
    1、They started home, their minds full of plans for increasing production. (表示伴隨情況)
    2、 He was silent for a moment, his lips tight. (表示伴隨情況)
    (三)名詞/代詞+副詞:
    1、 He put on his socks, wrong side out. (表示補充說明)
    2 、The war over, all the Chinese people’s volunteers came back to China. (表示補充說明)
    (四)名詞/代詞+介詞(短語)
    1 、She came in, a baby in her arms. (表示伴隨情況)
    2 、He went off, gun in hand. (表示伴隨情況)