Uncooperative Patients Need Psychological Therapy
By refusing to take essential medication after a kidney transplant, a 49-year-old women drives her doctors and nurses to distraction一to no avail ，because the organ has in the end to be removed. ___1__Patients refusing to cooperate with medical professionals cause damage not only to themselves but also impose substantial costs on the community. The pharmaceutical company Glaxo Welcome estimates the costs to the German taxpayers of this kind of negative behaviour at around five billion dollars a year.
A recent conference of medical professionals，health insurers，the pharmaceutical industry and patient representatives revealed a wide range of factors behind non-compliance. Not all defiant behaviour in a patient can be characterized as non-compliance. Greater stress should be placed on psychology during medical training，delegates said.___2___
Psychologist Sibylle Storkebaum told of an eight-year-old boy who ran amok in a hospital before undergoing a heart transplant，threatening to rip out his drip tubes.____3___" Doctors and nurses failed to see that they had downgraded a boy already conscious of his own responsibilities into a small child，" Storkebaum said，explaining that the boy merely wanted to be
taken seriously and to be involved in his own treatment. "Once this was acknowledged，the anger
attacks subsided.___4___" Jan-Torsten Tews of Glaxo Welcome highlighted the problem of excessive medication，with patients having to take a wide range of medicines at short intervals. Educating patients and self-management were the key to treating patients with chronic conditions，he said.
Health insurers also expressed interest in better cooperation between doctor and patient. “The fact that non-compliance exists is a result of patient dissatisfaction with their treatment，" Walter Bockemuehl，a senior executive in the statutory medical insurance scheme，said. According to one study，half of all patients did not want medication，but had drugs prescribed nevertheless. ___5___
詞匯:
Medication n.藥物治療，藥劑
kidney n.腎
transplant n.移植
distraction n.心煩意亂
avail n.用處
non-compliance n.不順從，固執(zhí)
professional n.專業(yè)人員
impose vt.把……強加給..
pharmaceutical adj.制藥的，藥學(xué)的
insurer n.承保人，保險公司
defiant adj.反抗的，無禮的
characterize vt.表示……的性格特征
therapy n.治療，療法
insecure adj.缺乏安全感的
amok adj. &adv.狂怒的(地) ，狂暴的(地)
fit n.(輕微疾病、強烈感情等的一陣) 發(fā)作
rage n. (一陣)盛怒，狂怒
assert vt. (堅決)主張，堅持，維護
downgrade vt.貶低，小看
subside vi.消退，消失
noticeably adv.明顯地
highlight vt.使顯著，強調(diào)，把注意力集中于……
dissatisfaction n.不滿意
statutory adj.法定的