初一上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)人教版

字號(hào):

Unit 1
    1、Good morning/ afternoon / evening早上/下午/晚上好
    Good night 晚安(晚上告別)
    2、glad / nice to meet / see you 見到你很高興(回答也一樣)
    3、 welcome to + 地點(diǎn)歡迎來(lái)到…… (回答:Thank you 或者Thanks)
    4、 let’s + V(原) 讓我們做……
    5、 stand up 起立sit down 坐下
    6、 this is ... -這是…… (用于介紹第三者的用語(yǔ))
    7、 How do you do ?你好 (回答也是:How do you do ? )
    8、 How are you ? 你好嗎? Fine, thank you, and you?很好;謝謝;你呢?
    I’m OK / I’m fine, too. 我也很好。
    9、see you = see you later = see you soon =good-bye 再見
    10、excuse me打擾一下;請(qǐng)問(wèn)
    11、 I’m … = my name is …我是……
    12、be from = come from 來(lái)自
    13、in English 用英語(yǔ)
    14、Can you spell it ? Yes /No 你能拼寫它嗎? 能/不能
    15、That’s OK / That’s all right / You’rewelcome / Not at all不用謝
    16、…… years old ……歲
    17、ewtelephone number 電話號(hào)碼 QQnumber QQ號(hào)碼 ID number 身份證
    18、the same (相同的) 反義詞是 different (不同的)
    例: We are in the same grade, but we are indifferent classes.
    句型:
    1. What is yourname?你的名字是什么?
    2. Where +be + 主語(yǔ) + from? 或者
    Where +助動(dòng)詞(do/does)+主語(yǔ)+come from?
    某人來(lái)自于哪里?(回答:主語(yǔ)+be+地點(diǎn))
    Where are you from? =Where do you come from?
    回答:I am from Zhaoqing. =I come from Zhaoqing.
    3. How old + be + 主語(yǔ)?某人幾歲? (回答:主語(yǔ) + be + 數(shù)字 )
    例: How old are you? I’m fourteen (years old).
    4. What is your telephonenumber? 你的電話號(hào)碼是多少?
    (回答:My telephone number is ... 或者It’s ... )
    注意:讀出號(hào)碼的時(shí)候要逐個(gè)讀出。
    5. What class / grade +be + 主語(yǔ) + in ? 某人在哪一個(gè)班級(jí)/年級(jí)?
    例:What class are you in? Iam in Class Five.
    What grade are you in? Iam in Grade Seven.(注意大寫)
    6. What’s this/ that (in English) ?這是什么?(回答:It’s a/an +單數(shù)名詞. 這是……)
    What’ re these/ those (in English) ? 這些是什么?(回答:They’re + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 這些是……)
    7. How do you spell it ?你怎么拼寫它? E-R-A-S-E-R, eraser.(注意拼讀方法)
    Unit 2
    1、sb + has/ have ( an /a ) + adj + 五官=== sb’s 五官 is /are + adj (描述長(zhǎng)相)
    例:Lily has a small nose. = Lily’s nose is small.
    2、 I know = I see 我明白了
    3、 That’s right 那是對(duì)的/對(duì)了
    4、 look the same look like 看起來(lái)相像look different 看起來(lái)不同
    例: Jim and Lilei look the same.== Jim looks like Lilei. .
    5、 look at + n看某物 look for +n 尋找某人/某物 look after +n 照顧某人
    6、 both 兩者都…… all 三者或者三者以上都……
    Both 和 all位于 be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后,位于行為動(dòng)詞前。
    例: We are both students.We both have black eyes. We can both speak English.
    7、give sth to sb = give sb sth把某物給某人; (注意:如果sth是it或them,只能用前者)
    8、have different looks ==look different有著不同的長(zhǎng)相 (看起來(lái)不相像)
    havethe same look. ==look the same 有著相同的長(zhǎng)相 (看起來(lái)很相像)
    9、 over there在那邊come in 請(qǐng)進(jìn)go out 出去
    10、 in + 顏色 或 in a/an/the +顏色 + 衣服表示穿著……顏色的衣服
    常常接在名詞的后面,表示穿 ...顏色衣服的…… 如 the girl in red is my sister.
    11、 too + adj太……
    12、 pants 和 shoes 做主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);但a pair of pants/ shoes作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式
    例: His shoes are black.A pair of shoes is under the bed.
    13、 in the morning/ afternoom/evening 在早上/下午/晚上at night 在晚上
    14、 go shopping = go to the shop=goto do some shopping 去購(gòu)物
    類似的有 go swimming go fishing go skating 等等
    15、 help sb. ( to ) do sth == help sb with sth幫助某人做某事注意:sb 用代詞時(shí)必須用賓格
    16、 high school 中學(xué)
    17、 play +球類play the 樂(lè)器
    18、 think of 認(rèn)為,想 think about 考慮 I think + 從句 我認(rèn)為……
    I think he you are right.否定式常否定主句,但翻譯時(shí)要否定后面的從句
    例:I don’t think he can come. 我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)來(lái)了.(不能說(shuō):我不認(rèn)為他會(huì)來(lái))
    句型:
    1、 What do/does + 主語(yǔ) + looklike ? 詢問(wèn)人的長(zhǎng)相
    例: What does your English teacher look like ?
    2、 What’s ... -and ... --?……加……是什么?(回答:It’s ... --)
    例:What’s red and yellow? It’s orange.
    What’s two and five? It’s seven.
    3、 Whose + 東西 + isthis/ that ?Whose + 東西 +are these/those ? 這/這些是誰(shuí)的……?
    例:Whose coat is this ? It is mine.
    Whose shoes are these ? They are hers.
    4、 Who is the letter from?這封信來(lái)自于誰(shuí)?
    It’s from Lily. 它來(lái)自于莉莉。
    5、 What color be + 東西? (回答:It’s +顏色或者 They’er + 顏色)
    例:What color is your dress? It’s black.
    Unit 3
    1、 Could you (please)…… (后接動(dòng)詞原形)你愿意做某事嗎?
    May I…… (后接動(dòng)詞原形)我能做某事嗎?
    2、the English corner 英語(yǔ)角
    3、 live in + 地點(diǎn) 住在某地 live with + 人和某人住在一起
    4、 What does he say in the letter?他在信里說(shuō)了些什么?
    What does he say on the photo? 他在電話里說(shuō)了些什么?
    5、 alot = very much 放在句末,修飾動(dòng)詞,非常……
    例: I like the boy a lot/ very much.
    not at all 一點(diǎn)也不……
    例: I don’t like the boy at all..
    6、 each other 相互,彼此students often talk to each other in class.
    7、 do sth with sb和某人一起做某事
    8、 No problem 沒(méi)問(wèn)題
    9、 speak + 語(yǔ)言說(shuō)某種語(yǔ)言 speak Englishspeak Chinese
    10、 the Great Wall 長(zhǎng)城
    11、come/go to + 地點(diǎn) 去某地 但home 、 here 、 there 這些是副詞,前面不能加to
    例:go home / come here / go there
    go to do sth 去做某事 例: They go to play basketball.
    12、 like doingsth 喜歡做某事 = like to do sth 想要做某事
    13、It’s + adj +to sb 對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是……的
    14、help sb with sth =help sb (to) do sth幫助某人某事
    15、 be at home = be in 在家go home 回家 get home到家 in one’s home 在某人的家里
    16、have a seat / take a seat / sit down請(qǐng)坐下
    17、office worker辦公室職員 cook 廚師 cooker炊具
    18、on a farm在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上 on the sofa 在沙發(fā)上
    19、a photo of one’s family 某人的全家照 Family Tree 家譜(首字母都大寫)
    20、 in a hospital 在醫(yī)院(純屬地點(diǎn)概念) inhospital 因病住院
    例:He is ill in hospital. 他生病住院 Heis in a hospital.他在醫(yī)院里 (不一定是因?yàn)樯?lái)到醫(yī)院)
    21、 look after sb = take care of sb 照顧某人
    22、 teach sb sth = teach sth to sb教某人某東西
    teach sb to do sth 教某人做某事
    21、 help oneself ( to sth. ) 請(qǐng)隨便(吃……) help yourself/ yourselves (tofish)
    22、 I’d like sth = I would like sth. 我想要……
    24、 Would like to do sth = want to do sth 想要做某事
    25、 Would you like something to eat (drink)? 你想要一些吃(喝)的東西嗎?
    to eat 或 to drink 修飾something,作為后置定語(yǔ)。
    26、 Here you are . 給你Here we are. 我們到了
    27、 What about …… == Howabout …… ……怎么樣?
    后接代詞或名詞,還可以接動(dòng)名詞(即 What about doing sth )
    28、 all right 好的
    29、 a cup of tea 一杯茶 two cups of tea 兩杯茶
    30、 milk for me 我要牛奶
    31、 Why not ……(后接動(dòng)詞原形) = Why don’t you …… (后接動(dòng)詞原形)為什么不做某事呢?
    回答:Goodidea好主意;
    32、 May I take your order? 可以點(diǎn)菜了嗎?
    33、 wait a moment = just a moment = wait a minute(second) 等一下,請(qǐng)稍侯 wait for sb 等待某人
    34、 Can I help you ?= May I help you ?= What can I do for you ? 需要點(diǎn)什么幫忙嗎?
    35、 eat out 出去吃飯
    36、 let sb do sth讓某人做某事
    37、 have dinner/ breakfast/lunch/supper吃正/早/午/晚餐
    38、 a kind of 一種…… all kinds of各種各樣的……
    39、 be friendly/kind to sb對(duì)某人友好
    40、 such as 例如例:I likefruits, such as oranges,bananas and apples
    41、be glad to do sth例: I am glad to meet you,I am glad to behere..
    句型:
    1、 What do/does + 主語(yǔ)+ do ? == What +be+ 主語(yǔ). ? == What’s one’s job ?
    回答:主語(yǔ) + be + 職業(yè).
    例如: What does your father do? = What is your father? = What’s your father’s job?
    He is a teacher.
    Unit 4
    1、 try on 試穿……
    2、 we/I will take it我們/我買下了(這里的take 相當(dāng)于buy)
    3、 buy sth for sb = buy sb sth給某人買某物;
    4、 I’m just looking我只是看看;
    5、three hundred and sixty-five365(百位數(shù)和十位數(shù)之間加and , 十位數(shù)和個(gè)位數(shù)之間加”-“)
    6、 a pair of一對(duì)/一雙……
    7、 running shoes跑鞋
    8、 Are you kidding ? 你開玩笑吧;
    9、 think about 考慮;
    10、thank you all the same 仍然謝謝你;
    11、Is that all? 就這么多嗎? That’s all. 就這么多吧
    I2、 I think so. 我認(rèn)為是這樣的. Idon’t think so. 我認(rèn)為不是這樣的.
    13、 當(dāng)把東西給某人時(shí)可以說(shuō): Here you are 或 Here be + 東西 或Here it is.
    14、Don’t worry.別擔(dān)心① worry about + 賓語(yǔ) 如:Do you worry about your leesson?
    ②Worried 煩惱的 be worried about +賓語(yǔ)如:She is worried about her mother.
    15. a few +可數(shù)名詞 (肯定);一點(diǎn),一些;
    few + 可數(shù)名詞:(否定) 幾乎沒(méi)有
    a little +不可數(shù)名詞(肯定);一點(diǎn),一些;
    little + 不可數(shù)名詞:(否定) 幾乎沒(méi)有
    16、be free = have time 有空的;反義詞:be busy = have no time
    I have no time. = Idon’t have any time. She has no time. =She doesn’t have any time.
    Areyou free tomorrow? == Do you have time tomorrow ?
    17、在某一天使用介詞on , 在某個(gè)時(shí)刻用at 如:On Sundayat a half past six
    當(dāng)this 接時(shí)間,不用介詞, this Sunday
    18、What’s up = what’s wrong ? = What’s the matter 什么事?
    19、 forget to do sth.忘記去做某事(事還沒(méi)做)
    forget doing sth忘記曾做過(guò)某事(事已做完)
    20、 tell sb about sth. 告訴某人某事 tell sb sth = tell sth to sb 把某事告訴某人
    ask/tell sb to do sth 叫某人做某事
    否定形式:ask/tell sb not to do sth 叫某人不要做某事
    21、 電話用語(yǔ): ①Who’s this? 你是哪位? ② Is this ……你是……嗎?
    ③This is ……(speaking)我是……④May I speak to……我可以找……嗎?
    22、 go for sth = go to do sth 去做某事如: go for to have class.
    23、 It’s fun真是有趣的事
    24、 call sb = give sb a call打電話給某人 call sb back 給某人回電話
    25、 I’m afraid /sorry (that) + 從句恐怕……/ 對(duì)不起,……
    26、 I have no time =I don’t have any time 我沒(méi)有時(shí)間( no = not any )
    27、 be not in = be not at home = be out 出去了,不在家;
    28、 sing a song / sing some songs 唱歌;
    fly a kite放風(fēng)箏;draw picture 畫畫
    play sports 做運(yùn)動(dòng); watch TV 看電視
    read books 看書 read newspaper看報(bào)紙
    29、 let sb do sth (后接動(dòng)詞原形) 讓某人做某事
    30、 時(shí)間讀法有順讀法和逆讀法: 順讀法(eleven thirty-six 表示11:36)
    逆讀法(分鐘數(shù)小于等于30分用 past ,
    分鐘數(shù)大于30分用to,如 five past ten 表示 10:05;five to ten 表示 9:55,
    half past six 表示6:30 , a querter to six 表示 5:45)
    31、 show sth to sb = show sb sth 把……拿給某人看; 作為名詞表示演出,表演
    32、祈使句的否定句,直接在句首加上Don't 就可以了
    33、have to =must ……(后接動(dòng)詞原形) 不得不/必須……
    48.It’s time for (doing) sth It’s time to do sth該到做……的時(shí)候了?
    It’s time for sb to do sth 是某人做某事的時(shí)候了
    33、 next time下 next week 下個(gè)星期the next day第二天;
    34、 next to…… = near……在……旁邊
    35、 get up起床go to bed 上床睡覺(jué); getsb up 叫某人起床
    36、 doone’s homework做作業(yè);
    37、 have a picnic 野餐;have class 上課 have a meeting 開會(huì) have a party 舉辦聚會(huì)
    have dinner/ breakfast /lunch/supper吃正/早/午/晚餐 have +東西 吃/喝……
    have a good time =enjoy oneself 玩得很愉快 have sb to do sth 讓某人做某事
    have to do sth 不得不……
    38、on the weekday 在周末;
    39、lot of = lots of = many =much 許多的,大量的
    40、in the sun 在陽(yáng)光下;
    41、sb like --- best = sb’s favorite + 種類 is/ are …… 誰(shuí)喜歡……
    42、 on one’s way to ... 在某人去……的路上;on one’s way home在某人回家的路上
    43、 Here we are. 我們到了
    44、 It’s very kind of you 你真是太好了;
    45、 thanks / thank you for + n/v-ing 為……而感謝你;
    46、. in the tree 在樹上(外物附著) onthe tree在樹上(樹上本身長(zhǎng)出的東西)
    In the wall 在墻里(如 window ) on the wall 在墻上
    句型:
    1、 What do you think of ... ? = Howdo you like ... ? 你認(rèn)為……怎么樣?
    例:What do you think of your English teacher ? == Howdo you like your English teacher ?
    2、 How much be + 主語(yǔ)? ( 回答:It’s / They’re + 價(jià)錢.)
    How much is your English book ?
    問(wèn)價(jià)格還可以用 what’s the price of ……
    3、Why not ……(后接動(dòng)詞原形) = Why don’t you …… (后接動(dòng)詞原形)為什么不做某事呢?
    回答:Good idea好主意;
    4、 What time is it ? == What is the time? (回答:It’s +時(shí)間)