★記憶法一：常見93個(gè)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化規(guī)律歸納如下：
一、A—A—A型，即原形、過去式和過去分詞三者都相同。(共9個(gè))
cost—cost—cost
cut—cut—cut
hit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurt
let—let—let
put—put—put
read—read—read
set—set—set
shut—shut—shut
二、A—B—B型，即過去式、過去分詞相同。(共41個(gè))
1.過去式和過去分詞都含有-ought。(3個(gè))
bring—brought—brought
buy—bought—bought
think—thought—thought
2.詞尾有-ild，-end時(shí)，只需把d變?yōu)閠。(4個(gè))
build—built—built
lend—lent—lent
send—sent—sent
spend—spent—spent
3.過去式、過去分詞都含有-aught。(2個(gè))
catch—caught—caught
teach—taught—taught
4.把-eep變?yōu)?ept。(3個(gè))
keep—kept—kept
sleep—slept—slept
sweep—swept—swept
5.把-ell變?yōu)?old。(2個(gè))
tell—told—told
sell—sold—sold
6.過去式、過去分詞都含有-elt或-ilt。(4個(gè))
smell—smelt—smelt
spell—spelt—spelt
feel—felt—felt
spill—spilt—spilt
7.過去式、過去分詞都在原形詞尾加t。(3個(gè))
learn—learnt—learnt
mean—meant—meant
spoil—spoilt—spoilt
8.過去式、過去分詞詞尾是d。(4個(gè))
say—said—said
pay—paid—paid
lay—laid—laid
hear—heard—heard
9.改變?cè)糇帜浮?11個(gè))
meet—met—met
get—got—got
sit—sat—sat
find—found—found
hold—held—held
spit—spat—spat
shine—shone—shone
win—won—won
hang—hung—hung
dig—dug—dug
lose—lost—lost
10.改變輔音字母。(1個(gè))
make—made—made
11.改變?cè)?、輔音字母。(4個(gè))
leave—left—left
stand—stood—stood
have(has)—had—had
understand—understood—understood
三、A—B—C型，即原形、過去式、過去分詞都不相同。(共35個(gè))
1.i—a—u變化。(6個(gè))
begin—began—begun
drink—drank—drunk
sing—sang—sung
ring—rang—rung
swim—swam—swum
sink—sank—sunk
2.詞尾為-ow，-aw時(shí)，過去式將其變?yōu)?ew，過去分詞在其原形后加n。(5個(gè))
blow—blew—blown
draw—drew—drawn
grow—grew—grown
know—knew—known
throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
3.詞尾為“i+輔(1個(gè))+e”，過去式將i變?yōu)閛，過去分詞多在原形后加n，若那個(gè)輔音字母為d或t，須雙寫d或t后加n。(4個(gè))(give，hide除外)
drive—drove—driven
write—wrote—written
ride—rode—ridden
rise—rose—risen
4.過去分詞在過去式后加(e)n。(5個(gè))
break—broke—broken
choose—chose—chosen
freeze—froze—frozen
speak—spoke—spoken
wake—woke—woken
5.過去分詞由過去式加-ten構(gòu)成。(1個(gè))
forget—forgot—forgotten
6.過去分詞由原形加(e)n構(gòu)成。(6個(gè))
be—was(were)—been
eat—ate—eaten
fall—fell—fallen
give—gave—given
see—saw—seen
hide—hid—hidden(hid)
7.詞尾為-ake時(shí)，過去式將其變?yōu)?ook，過去分詞在原形詞后加-n。(2個(gè))
take—took—taken
mistake—mistook—mistaken
8.原形、過去式和過去分詞都不相同。(6個(gè))
do—did—done
fly—flew—flown
go—went—gone
lie—lay—lain
show—showed—shown
wear—wore—worn
四、A—A—B型，即過去式和原形相同。(1個(gè))
beat—beat—beaten
五、A—B—A型，即過去分詞和原形相同。(3個(gè))
come—came—come
become—became—become
run—ran—run
六、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞型，只有原形和過去式，沒有過去分詞。(4個(gè))
can—could
may—might
will—would
shall—should
★記憶法二：不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞相對(duì)于規(guī)則動(dòng)詞來說，難記得多，是最難對(duì)付的一類詞。學(xué)生難學(xué)，老師難教。幸好它們不是雜亂無章的，可根據(jù)其中的一些內(nèi)部規(guī)律來記憶。下面給大家介紹一種歸納記憶法，以期大家在攻克這一難關(guān)時(shí)，能收到事半功倍的效果。
一、原形、過去式、過去分詞相同：
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut
(細(xì)心的你一定會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些詞中大多數(shù)是以字母t結(jié)尾的。)
二、原形、過去式相同，過去分詞不同：
beat/beat/beaten
三、原形、過去分詞相同，過去式不同：
come/came/comebecome/became/becomerun/ran/run
(come，become，屬不規(guī)則變化，但welcome屬規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，其過去式、過去分詞為：welcomed，welcomed)
四、過去式，過去分詞相同：
(1)去掉字母組合ee中的一個(gè)e
meet/met/metfeed/fed/fed
(2)去掉字母組合ee中的一個(gè)e,然后再在詞尾加t
feel/felt/feltsleep/slept/slept
keep/kept/keptsweep/swept/swept
(3)詞尾為的ll去掉一個(gè)l加t
spell/spelt/speltsmell/smelt/smeltspill/spilt/spilt
(4)過去式和過去分詞以aught或ought結(jié)尾
catch/caught/caughtteach/taught/taughtbring/brought/brought
buy/bought/boughtthink/thought/thought
(5)將stand改為stood
stand/stood/stoodunderstand/understood/understood
(6)將ay改為aid
lay/laid/laidpay/paid/paidsay/said/said
(7)將d改為t
lend/lent/lentsend/sent/sent
spend/spent/spentbuild/built/built
(8)將i改為a,o,u等
sit/sat/satspit/spat/spat
dig/dug/dugwin/won/won
(9)將ell改為old
tell/told/toldsell/sold/sold
(10)詞尾加t
learn/learnt/learntmean/meant/meant
dream/dreamt/dreamtspoil/spoilt/spoilt
(11)有兩種過去式和過去分詞,一種是不規(guī)則的,一種是規(guī)則的：
learn/learnt/learntlearn/learned/learned
shine/shone/shoneshine/shined/shined
hang/hung/hunghang/hanged/hanged
smell/smelt/smeltsmell/smelled/smelled
burn/burnt/burntburn/burned/burned
light/lii/litlight/lighted/lighted
(12)其它
have(has)/had/hadhear/heard/heard
shoot/shot/shotlose/lost/lost
hold/held/heldget/got/got(AmEgotten)
find/found/foundmake/made/made
leave/left/left
五、三者均不同：
(1)過去式以ew結(jié)尾、過去分詞以own結(jié)尾
blow/blew/blownfly/flew/flown
grow/grew/grownknow/knew/known
throw/threw/thrown
值得注意的是:
show/showed/shown或showeddraw/drew/drawn
(2)改i為a變成過去式、改i為u變成過去分詞
begin/began/begundrink/drank/drunk
ring/rang/rungsing/sang/sung
swim/swam/swumsink/sank/sunk
(3)改i為o變成過去式，過去分詞以n結(jié)尾
drive/drove/drivenwrite/wrote/written
rise/rose/risenride/rode/ridden
(4)原形后加n變成過去分詞
drive/drove/drivenrise/rose/riseneat/ate/eaten
give/gave/givenfall/fell/fallen
(5)過去式后加n變成過去分詞
break/broke/brokenchoose/chose/chosen
freeze/froze/frozenmistake/mistook/mistaken
steal/stole/stolenspeak/spoke/spoken
take/took/takenwake/woke/woken(或woke)
(6)其它
be/was或were/beendo/did/doneforget/forgot/forgotten
go/went/gonehide/hid/hiddensee/saw/seen
wear/wore/worn
六、有兩種過去式和過去分詞，但詞義相同。
wake/woke/woken(或woke)wake/waked/waked
sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken
七、動(dòng)詞因其過去式、過去分詞有兩種形式而產(chǎn)生不同詞義：
shine、hang的兩種過去式和過去分詞：
shone/shone照耀shined/shined擦亮
hung/hung懸掛hanged/hanged絞死
八、兩個(gè)既可以做過去式，又可以做動(dòng)詞原形的詞
lie躺臥lay/lain/lying(現(xiàn)在分詞)
lay放，下蛋l(fā)aid/laid/laying
find找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)find/found/found
found創(chuàng)建，成立found/founded/founded
九、根據(jù)動(dòng)詞之間的詞義聯(lián)系來記憶
(一)詞義相對(duì)：
(1)come/came/come來——go/went/gone去
(2)give/gave/given給——get/got/got(AmEgotten)獲得
(3)sleep/slept/slept睡覺—wake/woke/woken(或woke)
或wake/waked/waked醒來
(4)rise/rose/risen上升、上漲、升起——fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken沉下,(使)下沉
(5)buy/bought/bought買——sell/sold/sold出售,賣
(6)take/took/taken帶去——bring/brought/brought帶來
(7)teach/taught/taught教——learn/learnt/learnt
或learn/learned/learned學(xué)習(xí)、學(xué)會(huì)
(8)lose/lost/lost丟失、失敗——find/found/found找到
win/won/won贏得、(獲)勝
(9)stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐
(10)send/sent/sent送、寄、發(fā)送——get/got/got獲得、收到
(二)詞義相近：
(1)beat/beat/beaten打,打敗win/won/won贏得、獲勝
(2)understand/understood/understood懂,了解
know/knew/known知道,了解,認(rèn)識(shí)
(3)get/got/got(AmEgotten)變成、成為、變得
become/became/become變成,成為,變得
go/went/gone變成turn/turned/turned變成
(4)spend/spent/spent花費(fèi)、度過
pay/paid/paid支付、交納
cost/cost/cost花費(fèi)、價(jià)值為
take/took/taken花費(fèi)
(5)say/said/said說、講
speak/spoke/spoken說、演講
tell/told/told告訴、說、吩咐、斷定
talk/talked/talked談話,講,談?wù)?議論
★記憶法三：
1.無變化，過去式與原形相同。
let→let,put→put,hit→hit,must→must,set→set,beat→beat,cast→cast,cost→cost,cut→cut,hurt→hurt,read→red,shut→shut
(shed→shedsplit→splitspread→spreadburst→burst)
2.元音字母的變化。
i→a:begin→began,drink→drank,ring→rang,sing→sang,swim→swam,give→gave,sit→sat,sink→sank
i→o:drive→drove,ride→rode,shine→shone,write→wrote,rise→rose,win→won,
(strive→strovearise→arose)
i→ou:find→found(wind→wound,bind→bound,grind→ground)
a→oo:take→took,shake→shook
e→o:get→got,forget→forgot
o→a:come→came,become→became
oo→o:shoot→shot,choose→chose
3.元音字母組合的變化。
aw/ow/y→ew:draw→drew,blow→blew,grow→grew,know→knew,throw→threw,fly→flew
4.元音字母和輔音字母都有變化。
(1)sell→sold,tell→told,retell→retold
(2)say→said,pay→paid,lay→laid,relay→relaid
(3)sweep→swept,keep→kept,sleep→slept,creep→crept
(4)bring→brought,buy→bought,think→thought,fight→fought
(5)catch→caught,teach→taught
(6)can→could,will→would,shall→should
5.輔音字母變化。
(1)build→built,send→sent,bend→bent,lend→lent,rend→rent,spend→spent
(2)make→made,have→had,hear→heard
(3)mean→meant,learn→learnt
一、A—A—A型，即原形、過去式和過去分詞三者都相同。(共9個(gè))
cost—cost—cost
cut—cut—cut
hit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurt
let—let—let
put—put—put
read—read—read
set—set—set
shut—shut—shut
二、A—B—B型，即過去式、過去分詞相同。(共41個(gè))
1.過去式和過去分詞都含有-ought。(3個(gè))
bring—brought—brought
buy—bought—bought
think—thought—thought
2.詞尾有-ild，-end時(shí)，只需把d變?yōu)閠。(4個(gè))
build—built—built
lend—lent—lent
send—sent—sent
spend—spent—spent
3.過去式、過去分詞都含有-aught。(2個(gè))
catch—caught—caught
teach—taught—taught
4.把-eep變?yōu)?ept。(3個(gè))
keep—kept—kept
sleep—slept—slept
sweep—swept—swept
5.把-ell變?yōu)?old。(2個(gè))
tell—told—told
sell—sold—sold
6.過去式、過去分詞都含有-elt或-ilt。(4個(gè))
smell—smelt—smelt
spell—spelt—spelt
feel—felt—felt
spill—spilt—spilt
7.過去式、過去分詞都在原形詞尾加t。(3個(gè))
learn—learnt—learnt
mean—meant—meant
spoil—spoilt—spoilt
8.過去式、過去分詞詞尾是d。(4個(gè))
say—said—said
pay—paid—paid
lay—laid—laid
hear—heard—heard
9.改變?cè)糇帜浮?11個(gè))
meet—met—met
get—got—got
sit—sat—sat
find—found—found
hold—held—held
spit—spat—spat
shine—shone—shone
win—won—won
hang—hung—hung
dig—dug—dug
lose—lost—lost
10.改變輔音字母。(1個(gè))
make—made—made
11.改變?cè)?、輔音字母。(4個(gè))
leave—left—left
stand—stood—stood
have(has)—had—had
understand—understood—understood
三、A—B—C型，即原形、過去式、過去分詞都不相同。(共35個(gè))
1.i—a—u變化。(6個(gè))
begin—began—begun
drink—drank—drunk
sing—sang—sung
ring—rang—rung
swim—swam—swum
sink—sank—sunk
2.詞尾為-ow，-aw時(shí)，過去式將其變?yōu)?ew，過去分詞在其原形后加n。(5個(gè))
blow—blew—blown
draw—drew—drawn
grow—grew—grown
know—knew—known
throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
3.詞尾為“i+輔(1個(gè))+e”，過去式將i變?yōu)閛，過去分詞多在原形后加n，若那個(gè)輔音字母為d或t，須雙寫d或t后加n。(4個(gè))(give，hide除外)
drive—drove—driven
write—wrote—written
ride—rode—ridden
rise—rose—risen
4.過去分詞在過去式后加(e)n。(5個(gè))
break—broke—broken
choose—chose—chosen
freeze—froze—frozen
speak—spoke—spoken
wake—woke—woken
5.過去分詞由過去式加-ten構(gòu)成。(1個(gè))
forget—forgot—forgotten
6.過去分詞由原形加(e)n構(gòu)成。(6個(gè))
be—was(were)—been
eat—ate—eaten
fall—fell—fallen
give—gave—given
see—saw—seen
hide—hid—hidden(hid)
7.詞尾為-ake時(shí)，過去式將其變?yōu)?ook，過去分詞在原形詞后加-n。(2個(gè))
take—took—taken
mistake—mistook—mistaken
8.原形、過去式和過去分詞都不相同。(6個(gè))
do—did—done
fly—flew—flown
go—went—gone
lie—lay—lain
show—showed—shown
wear—wore—worn
四、A—A—B型，即過去式和原形相同。(1個(gè))
beat—beat—beaten
五、A—B—A型，即過去分詞和原形相同。(3個(gè))
come—came—come
become—became—become
run—ran—run
六、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞型，只有原形和過去式，沒有過去分詞。(4個(gè))
can—could
may—might
will—would
shall—should
★記憶法二：不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞相對(duì)于規(guī)則動(dòng)詞來說，難記得多，是最難對(duì)付的一類詞。學(xué)生難學(xué)，老師難教。幸好它們不是雜亂無章的，可根據(jù)其中的一些內(nèi)部規(guī)律來記憶。下面給大家介紹一種歸納記憶法，以期大家在攻克這一難關(guān)時(shí)，能收到事半功倍的效果。
一、原形、過去式、過去分詞相同：
cost/cut/hit/hurt/let/put/read/shut
(細(xì)心的你一定會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些詞中大多數(shù)是以字母t結(jié)尾的。)
二、原形、過去式相同，過去分詞不同：
beat/beat/beaten
三、原形、過去分詞相同，過去式不同：
come/came/comebecome/became/becomerun/ran/run
(come，become，屬不規(guī)則變化，但welcome屬規(guī)則動(dòng)詞，其過去式、過去分詞為：welcomed，welcomed)
四、過去式，過去分詞相同：
(1)去掉字母組合ee中的一個(gè)e
meet/met/metfeed/fed/fed
(2)去掉字母組合ee中的一個(gè)e,然后再在詞尾加t
feel/felt/feltsleep/slept/slept
keep/kept/keptsweep/swept/swept
(3)詞尾為的ll去掉一個(gè)l加t
spell/spelt/speltsmell/smelt/smeltspill/spilt/spilt
(4)過去式和過去分詞以aught或ought結(jié)尾
catch/caught/caughtteach/taught/taughtbring/brought/brought
buy/bought/boughtthink/thought/thought
(5)將stand改為stood
stand/stood/stoodunderstand/understood/understood
(6)將ay改為aid
lay/laid/laidpay/paid/paidsay/said/said
(7)將d改為t
lend/lent/lentsend/sent/sent
spend/spent/spentbuild/built/built
(8)將i改為a,o,u等
sit/sat/satspit/spat/spat
dig/dug/dugwin/won/won
(9)將ell改為old
tell/told/toldsell/sold/sold
(10)詞尾加t
learn/learnt/learntmean/meant/meant
dream/dreamt/dreamtspoil/spoilt/spoilt
(11)有兩種過去式和過去分詞,一種是不規(guī)則的,一種是規(guī)則的：
learn/learnt/learntlearn/learned/learned
shine/shone/shoneshine/shined/shined
hang/hung/hunghang/hanged/hanged
smell/smelt/smeltsmell/smelled/smelled
burn/burnt/burntburn/burned/burned
light/lii/litlight/lighted/lighted
(12)其它
have(has)/had/hadhear/heard/heard
shoot/shot/shotlose/lost/lost
hold/held/heldget/got/got(AmEgotten)
find/found/foundmake/made/made
leave/left/left
五、三者均不同：
(1)過去式以ew結(jié)尾、過去分詞以own結(jié)尾
blow/blew/blownfly/flew/flown
grow/grew/grownknow/knew/known
throw/threw/thrown
值得注意的是:
show/showed/shown或showeddraw/drew/drawn
(2)改i為a變成過去式、改i為u變成過去分詞
begin/began/begundrink/drank/drunk
ring/rang/rungsing/sang/sung
swim/swam/swumsink/sank/sunk
(3)改i為o變成過去式，過去分詞以n結(jié)尾
drive/drove/drivenwrite/wrote/written
rise/rose/risenride/rode/ridden
(4)原形后加n變成過去分詞
drive/drove/drivenrise/rose/riseneat/ate/eaten
give/gave/givenfall/fell/fallen
(5)過去式后加n變成過去分詞
break/broke/brokenchoose/chose/chosen
freeze/froze/frozenmistake/mistook/mistaken
steal/stole/stolenspeak/spoke/spoken
take/took/takenwake/woke/woken(或woke)
(6)其它
be/was或were/beendo/did/doneforget/forgot/forgotten
go/went/gonehide/hid/hiddensee/saw/seen
wear/wore/worn
六、有兩種過去式和過去分詞，但詞義相同。
wake/woke/woken(或woke)wake/waked/waked
sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken
七、動(dòng)詞因其過去式、過去分詞有兩種形式而產(chǎn)生不同詞義：
shine、hang的兩種過去式和過去分詞：
shone/shone照耀shined/shined擦亮
hung/hung懸掛hanged/hanged絞死
八、兩個(gè)既可以做過去式，又可以做動(dòng)詞原形的詞
lie躺臥lay/lain/lying(現(xiàn)在分詞)
lay放，下蛋l(fā)aid/laid/laying
find找到、發(fā)現(xiàn)find/found/found
found創(chuàng)建，成立found/founded/founded
九、根據(jù)動(dòng)詞之間的詞義聯(lián)系來記憶
(一)詞義相對(duì)：
(1)come/came/come來——go/went/gone去
(2)give/gave/given給——get/got/got(AmEgotten)獲得
(3)sleep/slept/slept睡覺—wake/woke/woken(或woke)
或wake/waked/waked醒來
(4)rise/rose/risen上升、上漲、升起——fall/fell/fallen下降、落下、倒下
sink/sank/sunksink/sunk/sunken沉下,(使)下沉
(5)buy/bought/bought買——sell/sold/sold出售,賣
(6)take/took/taken帶去——bring/brought/brought帶來
(7)teach/taught/taught教——learn/learnt/learnt
或learn/learned/learned學(xué)習(xí)、學(xué)會(huì)
(8)lose/lost/lost丟失、失敗——find/found/found找到
win/won/won贏得、(獲)勝
(9)stand/stood/stood站、立——sit/sat/sat坐
(10)send/sent/sent送、寄、發(fā)送——get/got/got獲得、收到
(二)詞義相近：
(1)beat/beat/beaten打,打敗win/won/won贏得、獲勝
(2)understand/understood/understood懂,了解
know/knew/known知道,了解,認(rèn)識(shí)
(3)get/got/got(AmEgotten)變成、成為、變得
become/became/become變成,成為,變得
go/went/gone變成turn/turned/turned變成
(4)spend/spent/spent花費(fèi)、度過
pay/paid/paid支付、交納
cost/cost/cost花費(fèi)、價(jià)值為
take/took/taken花費(fèi)
(5)say/said/said說、講
speak/spoke/spoken說、演講
tell/told/told告訴、說、吩咐、斷定
talk/talked/talked談話,講,談?wù)?議論
★記憶法三：
1.無變化，過去式與原形相同。
let→let,put→put,hit→hit,must→must,set→set,beat→beat,cast→cast,cost→cost,cut→cut,hurt→hurt,read→red,shut→shut
(shed→shedsplit→splitspread→spreadburst→burst)
2.元音字母的變化。
i→a:begin→began,drink→drank,ring→rang,sing→sang,swim→swam,give→gave,sit→sat,sink→sank
i→o:drive→drove,ride→rode,shine→shone,write→wrote,rise→rose,win→won,
(strive→strovearise→arose)
i→ou:find→found(wind→wound,bind→bound,grind→ground)
a→oo:take→took,shake→shook
e→o:get→got,forget→forgot
o→a:come→came,become→became
oo→o:shoot→shot,choose→chose
3.元音字母組合的變化。
aw/ow/y→ew:draw→drew,blow→blew,grow→grew,know→knew,throw→threw,fly→flew
4.元音字母和輔音字母都有變化。
(1)sell→sold,tell→told,retell→retold
(2)say→said,pay→paid,lay→laid,relay→relaid
(3)sweep→swept,keep→kept,sleep→slept,creep→crept
(4)bring→brought,buy→bought,think→thought,fight→fought
(5)catch→caught,teach→taught
(6)can→could,will→would,shall→should
5.輔音字母變化。
(1)build→built,send→sent,bend→bent,lend→lent,rend→rent,spend→spent
(2)make→made,have→had,hear→heard
(3)mean→meant,learn→learnt