Lesson5 The facts確切數(shù)字
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their reader with unimportant facts and statistics. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refuse to publish it. The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's palace'. The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.
The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press. He sent the 、journalist two more faxes, but received no reply. He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written. A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well. However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that the he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president's palace.
新概念英語(yǔ)3逐句精講：
1. Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their readers with unimportant facts and statistics.
報(bào)刊雜志的編輯常常為了向讀者提供一些無(wú)關(guān)緊要的事實(shí)和統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字而走向極端。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:of newspapers and magazines為介詞短語(yǔ)，作editors的定語(yǔ)。To provide their readers with unimportant facts and statisics為不定式短語(yǔ)，作狀語(yǔ)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:重要寫(xiě)作短語(yǔ)總結(jié):描述做某事的狀態(tài)
Go to extermes to do sth. 做某事走極端
Carry sth. To extremes 做某事很過(guò)分
Take a lot of risks doing sth. 冒險(xiǎn)做某事
2. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic.
去年一位記者受一家有名的雜志委托寫(xiě)一篇關(guān)于非洲某個(gè)新成立共和國(guó)總統(tǒng)府的文章。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:well-known為復(fù)合形容詞，修飾magazine。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:instruct sb. to do sth.表示“指示/吩咐某人做某事”，句中用的是這一短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。
3. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refuse to publish it.
稿子寄來(lái)后，編輯看了第一句話就拒絕予以發(fā)表。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明編輯接到文稿后的反應(yīng)。And并列連接讀稿和拒絕發(fā)表兩件事情。It指代article。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:間接否定的說(shuō)法總結(jié):
Refuse to do sth.=do not want to do sth,
Fail to do sth,=do not do sth.
Object to doing sth.=do not agree to do sth.
4. The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's palace'.
文章的開(kāi)頭是這樣的:“幾百級(jí)臺(tái)階通向總統(tǒng)府的高墻?！?BR> 語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:這是一個(gè)直接引語(yǔ)的句式，用數(shù)字作主語(yǔ)非常大氣的描述了總統(tǒng)府的龐大規(guī)模。Which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾wall,強(qiáng)調(diào)是怎樣的高墻。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:hundreds of 表示“成百上千的”。
下面是與數(shù)字有關(guān)的表達(dá)總結(jié):
Tens of 幾十
Dozens of 幾十
Thousands of 成千上萬(wàn)的
Tens of thousands of 數(shù)十萬(wàn)的
Millions of 數(shù)百萬(wàn)的
Tens of millions of數(shù)千萬(wàn)的
Hundreds of millions of 數(shù)億的
Billions of 數(shù)十億的
例句支持:
Hundreds of millions of people are living in harmful environment in the world. 全世界有數(shù)億人仍然生活在有害的環(huán)境當(dāng)中。
5. The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.
編輯立即給那位記者發(fā)去傳真，要求他核實(shí)一下臺(tái)階的確切數(shù)字和圍墻的高度。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析: instructing him find out… 為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作目的狀語(yǔ)。And并列連接臺(tái)階數(shù)量和圍墻高度。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:at once表示“立刻，立即”。
6. The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them.
記者立即出發(fā)去核實(shí)這些重要的事實(shí)，但過(guò)了好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不見(jiàn)他把數(shù)字寄來(lái)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析: to obtain these important facts為動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，作目的狀語(yǔ)。But連接兩個(gè)并列句，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說(shuō)明接下來(lái)的情況。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:注意區(qū)別以下重要的寫(xiě)作短語(yǔ):開(kāi)始做某事
（1） st out to do sth. 帶著某種特殊目的
（2） begin to do sth. 描述某種狀態(tài)的開(kāi)始，反義詞end
（3） start to do sth. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，反義詞為stop
例句支持:
They set out to write a book on Chinese history. 他們開(kāi)始著手寫(xiě)一部關(guān)于中國(guó)歷史的書(shū)。
I begin to recover confidence. 我開(kāi)始漸漸恢復(fù)了信心。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)3:sb. take + 時(shí)間 + to do sth.=it takes sb.+ 時(shí)間 + to do sth.，意思是“某人花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間做某事”。
例句支持:
I took five hours to do my home work.(=It took me five hours to do my homework.) 我花了5個(gè)小時(shí)做家庭作業(yè)。
7. Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press.
在此期間，編輯等的不耐煩了，因?yàn)殡s志馬上要付印。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:meanwhile強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行。Be getting impatient是用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)前后的情緒變化。For引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，交代編輯等的不耐煩的原因。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:be impatinet to do sth.意思是“急不可耐地做某事”。
例句支持:
I am impatient to see you.(=I cannot wait to see you./I am anxious to see you.) 我迫不及待地要見(jiàn)到你。
8. He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply.
他給記者先后發(fā)去兩份傳真，但對(duì)方毫無(wú)反應(yīng)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:but連接兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的句子，強(qiáng)調(diào)“沒(méi)有收到任何回應(yīng)”。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:本句中的No為不定代詞，在此處具有形容詞性質(zhì)，作定語(yǔ)，修飾reply。
9. He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired.
于是他又發(fā)了一份傳真，通知那位記者說(shuō)，若再不迅速答復(fù)，將被解雇。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:informing the journalist that…為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作目的狀語(yǔ)，其用法和第5句中的instructing him to find out…有異曲同工之處。That引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明informing的內(nèi)容。If引導(dǎo)條件句，表示如不迅速答復(fù)后果會(huì)是什么。句子前面的sent為過(guò)去時(shí)，因此后面用did,而非虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:“yet+another/once/again”表示“又，再”，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。
例句支持:
This led to yet another angry argument. 這又引起了一場(chǎng)唇槍舌劍的爭(zhēng)吵。
10. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written.
但記者還是沒(méi)有回復(fù)。編輯無(wú)奈，勉強(qiáng)按原樣發(fā)了稿。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。Reluctantly表示“勉強(qiáng)地”，為方式狀語(yǔ)。As引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句，交代文稿的狀態(tài)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:“fail+動(dòng)詞不定式”的搭配看似肯定，實(shí)則否定。
例句支持:
I fail to see why you think so. 我不明白你們?yōu)槭裁催@么想。
They fail to revive the economy. 他們沒(méi)能使經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)3:be reluctant to do sth.=be unwilling to do sth.意思是“不情愿做某事”。
例句支持:
She was very reluctant to do the job.(=She was unwilling to do the job.) 她很不情愿做這份工作。
11. A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist.
一周之后，編輯終于接到了記者的傳真。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:a week later放在句首，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間久。At last說(shuō)明終結(jié)果。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:at last=in the end/finally/eventually/in course of time/ultimately,意思是“終于，后”。
例句支持:
You'll learn English well in course of time.你總有一天會(huì)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。
12. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well.
那個(gè)可憐的記者不僅被捕了，而且還被送進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:not only放在句首引起部分倒裝。But…as well連接兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)作。
13. However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that the he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president's palace.
不過(guò)，他終于獲準(zhǔn)發(fā)回了一份傳真。在傳真中他告訴編輯，就在他數(shù)通向15英尺高的總統(tǒng)府圍墻的1084級(jí)臺(tái)階時(shí)，被抓了起來(lái)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:however為過(guò)渡性的轉(zhuǎn)折用語(yǔ)。To send a fax是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，作主語(yǔ)he的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。In which是“prep.+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾fax。That引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明informed的內(nèi)容。Leading to …為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作定語(yǔ)，修飾steps。While引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。第二個(gè)which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾wall。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:be allowed to do sth.=be permitted to do sth.意思是“被允許做某事”。
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their reader with unimportant facts and statistics. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refuse to publish it. The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's palace'. The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.
The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press. He sent the 、journalist two more faxes, but received no reply. He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written. A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well. However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that the he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president's palace.
新概念英語(yǔ)3逐句精講：
1. Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to provide their readers with unimportant facts and statistics.
報(bào)刊雜志的編輯常常為了向讀者提供一些無(wú)關(guān)緊要的事實(shí)和統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字而走向極端。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:of newspapers and magazines為介詞短語(yǔ)，作editors的定語(yǔ)。To provide their readers with unimportant facts and statisics為不定式短語(yǔ)，作狀語(yǔ)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:重要寫(xiě)作短語(yǔ)總結(jié):描述做某事的狀態(tài)
Go to extermes to do sth. 做某事走極端
Carry sth. To extremes 做某事很過(guò)分
Take a lot of risks doing sth. 冒險(xiǎn)做某事
2. Last year a journalist had been instructed by a well-known magazine to write an article on the president's palace in a new African republic.
去年一位記者受一家有名的雜志委托寫(xiě)一篇關(guān)于非洲某個(gè)新成立共和國(guó)總統(tǒng)府的文章。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:well-known為復(fù)合形容詞，修飾magazine。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:instruct sb. to do sth.表示“指示/吩咐某人做某事”，句中用的是這一短語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。
3. When the article arrived, the editor read the first sentence and then refuse to publish it.
稿子寄來(lái)后，編輯看了第一句話就拒絕予以發(fā)表。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明編輯接到文稿后的反應(yīng)。And并列連接讀稿和拒絕發(fā)表兩件事情。It指代article。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:間接否定的說(shuō)法總結(jié):
Refuse to do sth.=do not want to do sth,
Fail to do sth,=do not do sth.
Object to doing sth.=do not agree to do sth.
4. The article began: 'Hundreds of steps lead to the high wall which surrounds the president's palace'.
文章的開(kāi)頭是這樣的:“幾百級(jí)臺(tái)階通向總統(tǒng)府的高墻?！?BR> 語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:這是一個(gè)直接引語(yǔ)的句式，用數(shù)字作主語(yǔ)非常大氣的描述了總統(tǒng)府的龐大規(guī)模。Which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾wall,強(qiáng)調(diào)是怎樣的高墻。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:hundreds of 表示“成百上千的”。
下面是與數(shù)字有關(guān)的表達(dá)總結(jié):
Tens of 幾十
Dozens of 幾十
Thousands of 成千上萬(wàn)的
Tens of thousands of 數(shù)十萬(wàn)的
Millions of 數(shù)百萬(wàn)的
Tens of millions of數(shù)千萬(wàn)的
Hundreds of millions of 數(shù)億的
Billions of 數(shù)十億的
例句支持:
Hundreds of millions of people are living in harmful environment in the world. 全世界有數(shù)億人仍然生活在有害的環(huán)境當(dāng)中。
5. The editor at once sent the journalist a fax instructing him find out the exact number of steps and the height of the wall.
編輯立即給那位記者發(fā)去傳真，要求他核實(shí)一下臺(tái)階的確切數(shù)字和圍墻的高度。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析: instructing him find out… 為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作目的狀語(yǔ)。And并列連接臺(tái)階數(shù)量和圍墻高度。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:at once表示“立刻，立即”。
6. The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them.
記者立即出發(fā)去核實(shí)這些重要的事實(shí)，但過(guò)了好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不見(jiàn)他把數(shù)字寄來(lái)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析: to obtain these important facts為動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，作目的狀語(yǔ)。But連接兩個(gè)并列句，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說(shuō)明接下來(lái)的情況。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:注意區(qū)別以下重要的寫(xiě)作短語(yǔ):開(kāi)始做某事
（1） st out to do sth. 帶著某種特殊目的
（2） begin to do sth. 描述某種狀態(tài)的開(kāi)始，反義詞end
（3） start to do sth. 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，反義詞為stop
例句支持:
They set out to write a book on Chinese history. 他們開(kāi)始著手寫(xiě)一部關(guān)于中國(guó)歷史的書(shū)。
I begin to recover confidence. 我開(kāi)始漸漸恢復(fù)了信心。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)3:sb. take + 時(shí)間 + to do sth.=it takes sb.+ 時(shí)間 + to do sth.，意思是“某人花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間做某事”。
例句支持:
I took five hours to do my home work.(=It took me five hours to do my homework.) 我花了5個(gè)小時(shí)做家庭作業(yè)。
7. Meanwhile, the editor was getting impatient, for the magazine would soon go to press.
在此期間，編輯等的不耐煩了，因?yàn)殡s志馬上要付印。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:meanwhile強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行。Be getting impatient是用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)前后的情緒變化。For引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，交代編輯等的不耐煩的原因。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:be impatinet to do sth.意思是“急不可耐地做某事”。
例句支持:
I am impatient to see you.(=I cannot wait to see you./I am anxious to see you.) 我迫不及待地要見(jiàn)到你。
8. He sent the journalist two more faxes, but received no reply.
他給記者先后發(fā)去兩份傳真，但對(duì)方毫無(wú)反應(yīng)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:but連接兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的句子，強(qiáng)調(diào)“沒(méi)有收到任何回應(yīng)”。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:本句中的No為不定代詞，在此處具有形容詞性質(zhì)，作定語(yǔ)，修飾reply。
9. He sent yet another fax informing the journalist that if he did not reply soon he would be fired.
于是他又發(fā)了一份傳真，通知那位記者說(shuō)，若再不迅速答復(fù)，將被解雇。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:informing the journalist that…為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作目的狀語(yǔ)，其用法和第5句中的instructing him to find out…有異曲同工之處。That引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明informing的內(nèi)容。If引導(dǎo)條件句，表示如不迅速答復(fù)后果會(huì)是什么。句子前面的sent為過(guò)去時(shí)，因此后面用did,而非虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:“yet+another/once/again”表示“又，再”，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。
例句支持:
This led to yet another angry argument. 這又引起了一場(chǎng)唇槍舌劍的爭(zhēng)吵。
10. When the journalist again failed to reply, the editor reluctantly published the article as it had originally been written.
但記者還是沒(méi)有回復(fù)。編輯無(wú)奈，勉強(qiáng)按原樣發(fā)了稿。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。Reluctantly表示“勉強(qiáng)地”，為方式狀語(yǔ)。As引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句，交代文稿的狀態(tài)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:“fail+動(dòng)詞不定式”的搭配看似肯定，實(shí)則否定。
例句支持:
I fail to see why you think so. 我不明白你們?yōu)槭裁催@么想。
They fail to revive the economy. 他們沒(méi)能使經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)3:be reluctant to do sth.=be unwilling to do sth.意思是“不情愿做某事”。
例句支持:
She was very reluctant to do the job.(=She was unwilling to do the job.) 她很不情愿做這份工作。
11. A week later, the editor at last received a fax from the journalist.
一周之后，編輯終于接到了記者的傳真。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:a week later放在句首，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間久。At last說(shuō)明終結(jié)果。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:at last=in the end/finally/eventually/in course of time/ultimately,意思是“終于，后”。
例句支持:
You'll learn English well in course of time.你總有一天會(huì)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。
12. Not only had the poor man been arrested, but he had been sent to prison as well.
那個(gè)可憐的記者不僅被捕了，而且還被送進(jìn)了監(jiān)獄。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:not only放在句首引起部分倒裝。But…as well連接兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)作。
13. However, he had at last been allowed to send a fax in which he informed the editor that the he had been arrested while counting the 1,084 steps leading to the fifteen-foot wall which surrounded the president's palace.
不過(guò)，他終于獲準(zhǔn)發(fā)回了一份傳真。在傳真中他告訴編輯，就在他數(shù)通向15英尺高的總統(tǒng)府圍墻的1084級(jí)臺(tái)階時(shí)，被抓了起來(lái)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:however為過(guò)渡性的轉(zhuǎn)折用語(yǔ)。To send a fax是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，作主語(yǔ)he的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。In which是“prep.+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾fax。That引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明informed的內(nèi)容。Leading to …為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作定語(yǔ)，修飾steps。While引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。第二個(gè)which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾wall。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:be allowed to do sth.=be permitted to do sth.意思是“被允許做某事”。