Lesson2 An unknown goddess無名女神
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
Some time ago, and interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini. The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. Houses-often three storeys high-were built of stone. They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls. The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets.
The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C. It's missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C. This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. It was very old and precious even then. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.
新概念英語3逐句精講：
1.Some time ago, and interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea.
不久之前，在愛琴海的基亞島上，考古工作者們有一項(xiàng)有趣的發(fā)現(xiàn)。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:some time ago作時間狀語。Was made是一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。On the Aegean island of Kea作地點(diǎn)狀語。
語言點(diǎn)2:由some time ago拓展學(xué)習(xí)與時間有關(guān)的短語:
Ahead of time 提前
At one time 曾經(jīng)
At a time
Each time 每
For the time being 暫時
2.An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini.
一個美國考古隊(duì)在阿伊亞·依里尼海角的一座古城里考察了一座廟宇。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾temple，說明廟宇的具體位置。One the promontory of Ayia Irini是地點(diǎn)狀語。
語言點(diǎn)2:stand in表示“位于/處于…地方”，由此可以總結(jié)學(xué)習(xí)以下短語:
Stand in/at/on 聳立在（高處）
Lie in/at/on 位于（低處）
Be situated in/at/on 坐落于（方向）
3.The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.
這座古城肯定一定很繁榮，因?yàn)樗碛懈叨鹊奈拿鳌?BR> 語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:must have been是對過去的推測。For引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，說明古城繁榮的原因。
語言點(diǎn)2:enjoy a high level of表示“享有高度的…”。“sb.+enjoy”表示“某人喜歡/享受”，“sth.+enjoy”則表示“擁有”，enjoy在此相當(dāng)于have。
例句支持:
Hongkong and Macao enjoy a high level of autonomy.香港和澳門都享有高度的自治權(quán)。
China enjoys/has a long and glorious history of over 5000 years.中國享有5000多年悠久燦爛的歷史。
4.Houses-often three storeys high-were built of stone.
房子一般有3層樓高，用石塊修建。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:often three storeys high在此起到分隔主謂語的作用，實(shí)際上是作houses的定語。Were built of為被動語態(tài)，說明房屋是由什么材料建造的。
語言點(diǎn)2:sth.be built of sth.表示“某物由（可看見的單一）材料建造而成”。
例句支持:
The school room is built of wood. 這所學(xué)校的校舍是由木頭建造的。
5.They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls.
里面房間很大，墻壁裝飾華麗。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:with引導(dǎo)介詞短語，作定語，修飾rooms。
語言點(diǎn)2:本句可以用一個定語從句改寫:They had large rooms with walls that were beautifully decorated.
6.The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets.
城里甚至還鋪設(shè)了排水系統(tǒng)，因?yàn)樵讵M窄的街道底下發(fā)現(xiàn)了許許多多陶土制作的排水管道。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:be equipped with是典型的被動語態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)古城配備了什么。For引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，說明排水系統(tǒng)存在的原因。
語言點(diǎn)2:was even equipped with和clay pipes were found都是被動語態(tài)。請大家注意英文和中文在表達(dá)上的差異:英文表達(dá)遵循的是“重要的先說”原則，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者，多用被動語態(tài)；而中文則習(xí)慣于強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者，再在其后補(bǔ)充說明施動對象。
7.The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times.
考古工作者考查的這座廟宇從公元前15世紀(jì)直至羅馬時代一直都是祭祀祈禱的場所。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾temple。Was used是一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。As a place of worship作主語temple的補(bǔ)足語。From the fifteenth century B.C.until Roman times為時間狀語。
語言點(diǎn)2:總結(jié)學(xué)習(xí)一組關(guān)于時間的縮寫:
B.C.=Before Christ 公元前
A.C.=Ante Christum 公元前
A.D.=Anno Domini 公元
A.M.=Ante Meridiem 上午
P.M.=Post Meridiem 下午
語言點(diǎn)3:sth.be used as a place of sth.指的是“某地被當(dāng)作一個做某事的地方”，sth.be not used as a place of sth.指的是“某地不被當(dāng)作做某事的地方”。
8.In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found.
在廟中神圣的一間殿堂里發(fā)現(xiàn)了15尊陶制雕像的碎片。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:in the most sacred room of the temple作地點(diǎn)狀語。Were found為一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。
語言點(diǎn)2:the most sacred room 這個短語中的the most sacreds sacred的高形式，必須加定冠詞the。
例句支持:
Lhasa is the most sacred place of Tibetan buddhism.
拉薩是藏傳佛教中為神圣的地方。
9. Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted.
每一尊雕像代表一位女神，而且一度上過色。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:each of these作主語，強(qiáng)調(diào)“每一…”。And連接兩個并列的謂語represented和had been painted;had been painted是過去完成時的被動語態(tài)，表示上色這個動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。
10. The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C.
其中一尊雕像，她的軀體是在公元前15世紀(jì)的歷史文物中發(fā)現(xiàn)的。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:本句中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語dating from the fifteenth century B.C.作定語，修飾remains。
語言點(diǎn)2:date from（=date back to,trace by）的意思是“起始于”。
例句支持:
The castle,the very best in Europe,has a long history dating back to the ancient Roman times.古堡為歐洲之，其歷史悠久，可以追溯到古羅馬時代。
11. It's missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C.
而她那身首異處的腦袋卻碰巧是在公元前5世紀(jì)的文物中找到的。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:missing為現(xiàn)在分詞形式，相當(dāng)于形容詞，作定語，修飾head。
語言點(diǎn)2:happen to do sth的意思是“碰巧做某事”。
12. This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved.
她的腦袋一定是在古希臘羅馬世代就為人所發(fā)現(xiàn)，并受到了精心的保護(hù)。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:must have been found是對過去的推測。In classical times作時間狀語。And連接兩個并列句，說明這個女神的頭“被發(fā)現(xiàn)”和“被保護(hù)”這兩個動作。
語言點(diǎn)2:preserved為部分省略式,本句補(bǔ)充完整為:This head must have been found in Classical times and was carefully preserved.
13. It was very old and precious even then.
即使在當(dāng)時，它也屬歷史悠久的珍奇之物。
語言點(diǎn)1:it為代詞，指代the statue。
語言點(diǎn)2:even then指“即使在當(dāng)時”，相當(dāng)于even at that time，但前者比后者更加強(qiáng)調(diào)時間的特殊性。
14. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman.
考古工作者把這些碎片重新拼裝起來后，驚奇的發(fā)現(xiàn)那位女神原來是一位相貌十分摩登的女郎。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。That引導(dǎo)賓語從句，說明find的內(nèi)容。
語言點(diǎn)2:be amazed to do sth，的意思是“某人驚奇的做某事”。
例句支持:
We are all amazed to see his progress. 看到他的進(jìn)步，我們都很吃驚。
語言點(diǎn)3:turn out to be=prove(to be),前者不可省去to be,后者可以省去to be。
例句支持:
She seems to be stingy,but actually proves to be most generous. 她看上去很小氣，但是實(shí)際上卻很大方。
15. She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips.
她身高3英尺，雙手叉腰。
語言點(diǎn):本文中兩個stand不同的經(jīng)典用法:
Which stands in…中的stand=be located in,強(qiáng)調(diào)“高高聳立”。
She stood three feet high…中的stand表示人或物的高度。
16. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground.
她身穿一條拖地長裙。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:which引導(dǎo)定語從句，說明女神所穿的長裙是拖地的。
語言點(diǎn)2:was wearing看似是用過去進(jìn)行時表示過去進(jìn)行的動作，實(shí)際上是表示過去的狀態(tài)。
語言點(diǎn)3:表示“穿著”的短語還有:be dressed in,put on,have sth.on等等。
17. Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.
盡管上了年紀(jì)，但體態(tài)確實(shí)優(yōu)美。不過，考古工作者至今未能確定這位女神的身份。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:despite引導(dǎo)讓步狀語，相當(dāng)于in spite of…。Indeed為強(qiáng)調(diào)副詞，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明考古學(xué)家的研究結(jié)果。
語言點(diǎn)2:be unable to do sth.表示“沒能做到某事”。
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
Some time ago, and interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini. The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. Houses-often three storeys high-were built of stone. They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls. The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets.
The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C. It's missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C. This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. It was very old and precious even then. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.
新概念英語3逐句精講：
1.Some time ago, and interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea.
不久之前，在愛琴海的基亞島上，考古工作者們有一項(xiàng)有趣的發(fā)現(xiàn)。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:some time ago作時間狀語。Was made是一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。On the Aegean island of Kea作地點(diǎn)狀語。
語言點(diǎn)2:由some time ago拓展學(xué)習(xí)與時間有關(guān)的短語:
Ahead of time 提前
At one time 曾經(jīng)
At a time
Each time 每
For the time being 暫時
2.An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini.
一個美國考古隊(duì)在阿伊亞·依里尼海角的一座古城里考察了一座廟宇。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾temple，說明廟宇的具體位置。One the promontory of Ayia Irini是地點(diǎn)狀語。
語言點(diǎn)2:stand in表示“位于/處于…地方”，由此可以總結(jié)學(xué)習(xí)以下短語:
Stand in/at/on 聳立在（高處）
Lie in/at/on 位于（低處）
Be situated in/at/on 坐落于（方向）
3.The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization.
這座古城肯定一定很繁榮，因?yàn)樗碛懈叨鹊奈拿鳌?BR> 語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:must have been是對過去的推測。For引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，說明古城繁榮的原因。
語言點(diǎn)2:enjoy a high level of表示“享有高度的…”。“sb.+enjoy”表示“某人喜歡/享受”，“sth.+enjoy”則表示“擁有”，enjoy在此相當(dāng)于have。
例句支持:
Hongkong and Macao enjoy a high level of autonomy.香港和澳門都享有高度的自治權(quán)。
China enjoys/has a long and glorious history of over 5000 years.中國享有5000多年悠久燦爛的歷史。
4.Houses-often three storeys high-were built of stone.
房子一般有3層樓高，用石塊修建。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:often three storeys high在此起到分隔主謂語的作用，實(shí)際上是作houses的定語。Were built of為被動語態(tài)，說明房屋是由什么材料建造的。
語言點(diǎn)2:sth.be built of sth.表示“某物由（可看見的單一）材料建造而成”。
例句支持:
The school room is built of wood. 這所學(xué)校的校舍是由木頭建造的。
5.They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls.
里面房間很大，墻壁裝飾華麗。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:with引導(dǎo)介詞短語，作定語，修飾rooms。
語言點(diǎn)2:本句可以用一個定語從句改寫:They had large rooms with walls that were beautifully decorated.
6.The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets.
城里甚至還鋪設(shè)了排水系統(tǒng)，因?yàn)樵讵M窄的街道底下發(fā)現(xiàn)了許許多多陶土制作的排水管道。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:be equipped with是典型的被動語態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)古城配備了什么。For引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，說明排水系統(tǒng)存在的原因。
語言點(diǎn)2:was even equipped with和clay pipes were found都是被動語態(tài)。請大家注意英文和中文在表達(dá)上的差異:英文表達(dá)遵循的是“重要的先說”原則，強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者，多用被動語態(tài)；而中文則習(xí)慣于強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者，再在其后補(bǔ)充說明施動對象。
7.The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times.
考古工作者考查的這座廟宇從公元前15世紀(jì)直至羅馬時代一直都是祭祀祈禱的場所。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾temple。Was used是一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。As a place of worship作主語temple的補(bǔ)足語。From the fifteenth century B.C.until Roman times為時間狀語。
語言點(diǎn)2:總結(jié)學(xué)習(xí)一組關(guān)于時間的縮寫:
B.C.=Before Christ 公元前
A.C.=Ante Christum 公元前
A.D.=Anno Domini 公元
A.M.=Ante Meridiem 上午
P.M.=Post Meridiem 下午
語言點(diǎn)3:sth.be used as a place of sth.指的是“某地被當(dāng)作一個做某事的地方”，sth.be not used as a place of sth.指的是“某地不被當(dāng)作做某事的地方”。
8.In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found.
在廟中神圣的一間殿堂里發(fā)現(xiàn)了15尊陶制雕像的碎片。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:in the most sacred room of the temple作地點(diǎn)狀語。Were found為一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。
語言點(diǎn)2:the most sacred room 這個短語中的the most sacreds sacred的高形式，必須加定冠詞the。
例句支持:
Lhasa is the most sacred place of Tibetan buddhism.
拉薩是藏傳佛教中為神圣的地方。
9. Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted.
每一尊雕像代表一位女神，而且一度上過色。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:each of these作主語，強(qiáng)調(diào)“每一…”。And連接兩個并列的謂語represented和had been painted;had been painted是過去完成時的被動語態(tài)，表示上色這個動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”。
10. The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C.
其中一尊雕像，她的軀體是在公元前15世紀(jì)的歷史文物中發(fā)現(xiàn)的。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:本句中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語dating from the fifteenth century B.C.作定語，修飾remains。
語言點(diǎn)2:date from（=date back to,trace by）的意思是“起始于”。
例句支持:
The castle,the very best in Europe,has a long history dating back to the ancient Roman times.古堡為歐洲之，其歷史悠久，可以追溯到古羅馬時代。
11. It's missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C.
而她那身首異處的腦袋卻碰巧是在公元前5世紀(jì)的文物中找到的。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:missing為現(xiàn)在分詞形式，相當(dāng)于形容詞，作定語，修飾head。
語言點(diǎn)2:happen to do sth的意思是“碰巧做某事”。
12. This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved.
她的腦袋一定是在古希臘羅馬世代就為人所發(fā)現(xiàn)，并受到了精心的保護(hù)。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:must have been found是對過去的推測。In classical times作時間狀語。And連接兩個并列句，說明這個女神的頭“被發(fā)現(xiàn)”和“被保護(hù)”這兩個動作。
語言點(diǎn)2:preserved為部分省略式,本句補(bǔ)充完整為:This head must have been found in Classical times and was carefully preserved.
13. It was very old and precious even then.
即使在當(dāng)時，它也屬歷史悠久的珍奇之物。
語言點(diǎn)1:it為代詞，指代the statue。
語言點(diǎn)2:even then指“即使在當(dāng)時”，相當(dāng)于even at that time，但前者比后者更加強(qiáng)調(diào)時間的特殊性。
14. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman.
考古工作者把這些碎片重新拼裝起來后，驚奇的發(fā)現(xiàn)那位女神原來是一位相貌十分摩登的女郎。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。That引導(dǎo)賓語從句，說明find的內(nèi)容。
語言點(diǎn)2:be amazed to do sth，的意思是“某人驚奇的做某事”。
例句支持:
We are all amazed to see his progress. 看到他的進(jìn)步，我們都很吃驚。
語言點(diǎn)3:turn out to be=prove(to be),前者不可省去to be,后者可以省去to be。
例句支持:
She seems to be stingy,but actually proves to be most generous. 她看上去很小氣，但是實(shí)際上卻很大方。
15. She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips.
她身高3英尺，雙手叉腰。
語言點(diǎn):本文中兩個stand不同的經(jīng)典用法:
Which stands in…中的stand=be located in,強(qiáng)調(diào)“高高聳立”。
She stood three feet high…中的stand表示人或物的高度。
16. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground.
她身穿一條拖地長裙。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:which引導(dǎo)定語從句，說明女神所穿的長裙是拖地的。
語言點(diǎn)2:was wearing看似是用過去進(jìn)行時表示過去進(jìn)行的動作，實(shí)際上是表示過去的狀態(tài)。
語言點(diǎn)3:表示“穿著”的短語還有:be dressed in,put on,have sth.on等等。
17. Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity.
盡管上了年紀(jì)，但體態(tài)確實(shí)優(yōu)美。不過，考古工作者至今未能確定這位女神的身份。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:despite引導(dǎo)讓步狀語，相當(dāng)于in spite of…。Indeed為強(qiáng)調(diào)副詞，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明考古學(xué)家的研究結(jié)果。
語言點(diǎn)2:be unable to do sth.表示“沒能做到某事”。