Lesson10 The loss of the Titanic “泰坦尼克”號(hào)的沉沒
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912. She was carrying 1,316 passengers and crew of 891. Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship. At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments. Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.
Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy water of the North Atlantic, huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense walk of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her. Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened. The noise had been so faint that no one though that the ship had been damaged. Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded! The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water. As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.
新概念英語3逐句精講：
1.The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912.
巨輪“泰坦尼克”號(hào)1912年4月10日從南安普敦起錨駛向紐約。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:Titanic是the great ship的同位語，起解釋說明的作用。April 10th,1912是按“日月年”的順序排列的，是典型的美式英語的寫法。
2.She was carrying 1,316 passengers and crew of 891.
船上載有1,316名乘客與891名船員。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:was carrying為過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，旨在強(qiáng)調(diào)“泰坦尼克”號(hào)載有的乘客和船員的人數(shù)之多。
語言點(diǎn)2:“a crew of+數(shù)量”往往指代一個(gè)集合名詞。
3.Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship.
卻使用現(xiàn)代標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來衡量，45,000 噸的“泰坦尼克”號(hào)與算得上一艘巨輪了。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:even by modern standards在本句中充當(dāng)讓步狀語。The 46,000 ton作Titanic的定語。
語言點(diǎn)2:注意句首的by,在這里為介詞，表示“根據(jù)，依據(jù)”，類似的表達(dá)還有:
1.even by ancient ways 即使使用古老的方法
2.even by present methods 即使用當(dāng)前的方法
4. At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments.
當(dāng)時(shí)，這艘輪船不僅是造船建造的大的一艘船，而且也被認(rèn)為是不會(huì)沉沒的。當(dāng)時(shí)，這艘輪船不僅是造船建造的大的一艘船，而且也被認(rèn)為是不會(huì)沉沒的。因?yàn)榇?6個(gè)密封艙組成，
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析: however和but一般不會(huì)同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一句話中，但本句例外，后半句其實(shí)是not only…but(also)…(不但…而且…)的結(jié)構(gòu)。
語言點(diǎn)2:regard…as…的意思是“把…當(dāng)作…”。
5.Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float.
即使有兩個(gè)艙進(jìn)水，仍可漂浮的水面上。
語言點(diǎn):句子機(jī)構(gòu)分析:even if的意思是“即使”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。
6. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.
然而，這艘巨輪首航就下沉，造成大批人員死亡。人們將永遠(yuǎn)記著這艘巨輪的沉沒慘劇。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，交代沉船事件應(yīng)該被銘記的原因。
語言點(diǎn)2:表示“沉沒”的多種方法辨析:
Sink 下沉（動(dòng)作）
Go down沉沒（結(jié)果）
Drown 淹沒（部分在水下）
Submerge 淹沒（全部在水下）
Dive潛水（還能再主動(dòng)出水）
7. Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy water of the North Atlantic, huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout.
“泰坦尼克”起航后的第4天，它正行駛在北大西洋冰冷的海面上。忽然，瞭望員發(fā)現(xiàn)一座冰山。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:four days after setting out,while…是時(shí)間狀語，中間被逗號(hào)隔開，這是一種非常新穎的時(shí)間狀語從句的寫法。
語言點(diǎn)2:the icy waters of the North Atlantic表示“北大西洋冰冷的海面”。
8. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision.
警報(bào)響過不久，巨輪急轉(zhuǎn)彎，以避免與冰山正面相撞。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:after引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)“警報(bào)被拉響”。To avoid a direct collision為動(dòng)詞不定式短語，作目的狀語，強(qiáng)調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)彎的目的。
語言點(diǎn)2:與“相撞”有關(guān)的短語:
head-on-collision 迎面相撞
rear-on-collision 追尾
side impact 側(cè)撞
9. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense walk of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.
“泰坦尼克”這個(gè)彎拐得及時(shí)，緊貼著高出海面100英尺的巨大的冰墻擦過去。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:narrowly missing…beside her是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，交代“轉(zhuǎn)彎”后的結(jié)果。Which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾the mimense wall of ice。
語言點(diǎn)2:over 100 feet out of the water可理解為“高出海平面100多英尺”。Besides her是介詞短語，作定語，修飾water。
10. Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened.
忽然，從船艙下部傳來一聲微顫音，船長(zhǎng)走下船艙去查看究竟。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:用there be句型描寫“泰坦尼克”被撞的時(shí)刻。To see what had happened為動(dòng)詞不定式短語，作目的狀語，交代船長(zhǎng)下到船艙去的目的。
11. The noise had been so faint that no one though that the ship had been damaged.
由于這個(gè)聲音非常輕，沒人會(huì)想到船身已遭損壞。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:so…that…引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，faint是原因，that之后的內(nèi)容是結(jié)果，說明聲音太小而導(dǎo)致無人知道船已受損；在這個(gè)結(jié)果狀語從句中又有一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，交代thought的內(nèi)容。
語言點(diǎn)2:表示“破壞”的詞匯總結(jié):
damage 造成一定的損失
destruct 故意或有計(jì)劃地破壞
demolish 造成巨大的打擊
destroy 具有摧毀性質(zhì)的破壞
disrupt 帶有分裂或瓦解的性質(zhì)
12. Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded!
在下面，船長(zhǎng)驚恐的地發(fā)現(xiàn)“泰坦尼克”號(hào)正在急速下沉，16個(gè)密封艙已有5個(gè)進(jìn)水。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，交代“船正在下沉”的原因。主句中，below放在句首往往表示方位“在下面”。To his horror作方式狀語。類似短語還有to one’s surprise(令人驚奇的是)。That引導(dǎo)賓語從句，說明realised的內(nèi)容。
語言點(diǎn)2:為了避免重復(fù)，five后面省略了watertight compartments.
13. The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water.
于是，他發(fā)出棄船的命令，幾百人跳進(jìn)了冰冷刺骨的海水里。
語言點(diǎn)1:to abandon ship是動(dòng)詞不定式短語，作order的定語，說明是什么命令。
語言點(diǎn)2:以-y結(jié)尾表示天氣狀況的十個(gè)經(jīng)典詞匯:
cloudy 多云的;dizzly 下毛毛雨的;foggy 有霧的；icy 結(jié)冰的;rainy 有雨的；snowy 下雪的；stormy 暴風(fēng)雨的;sunny晴朗的；thundery打雷的；windy有風(fēng)的
14. As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.
由于沒有足夠的救生艇運(yùn)載所有乘客，結(jié)果，1,500 人喪生。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子機(jī)構(gòu)分析:as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，交代1500人喪生的原因。
語言點(diǎn)2:被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式life is lost是“死亡，犧牲”的婉轉(zhuǎn)表達(dá)，含有不舍或令人遺憾卻無法挽回的意思。
語言點(diǎn)3:請(qǐng)注意for和as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句時(shí)用法上的區(qū)別:
1. for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句時(shí)，經(jīng)常放在句中。
2. as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句時(shí)，經(jīng)常放在句首。
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912. She was carrying 1,316 passengers and crew of 891. Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship. At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments. Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.
Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy water of the North Atlantic, huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense walk of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her. Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened. The noise had been so faint that no one though that the ship had been damaged. Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded! The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water. As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.
新概念英語3逐句精講：
1.The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912.
巨輪“泰坦尼克”號(hào)1912年4月10日從南安普敦起錨駛向紐約。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:Titanic是the great ship的同位語，起解釋說明的作用。April 10th,1912是按“日月年”的順序排列的，是典型的美式英語的寫法。
2.She was carrying 1,316 passengers and crew of 891.
船上載有1,316名乘客與891名船員。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:was carrying為過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，旨在強(qiáng)調(diào)“泰坦尼克”號(hào)載有的乘客和船員的人數(shù)之多。
語言點(diǎn)2:“a crew of+數(shù)量”往往指代一個(gè)集合名詞。
3.Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship.
卻使用現(xiàn)代標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來衡量，45,000 噸的“泰坦尼克”號(hào)與算得上一艘巨輪了。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:even by modern standards在本句中充當(dāng)讓步狀語。The 46,000 ton作Titanic的定語。
語言點(diǎn)2:注意句首的by,在這里為介詞，表示“根據(jù)，依據(jù)”，類似的表達(dá)還有:
1.even by ancient ways 即使使用古老的方法
2.even by present methods 即使用當(dāng)前的方法
4. At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments.
當(dāng)時(shí)，這艘輪船不僅是造船建造的大的一艘船，而且也被認(rèn)為是不會(huì)沉沒的。當(dāng)時(shí)，這艘輪船不僅是造船建造的大的一艘船，而且也被認(rèn)為是不會(huì)沉沒的。因?yàn)榇?6個(gè)密封艙組成，
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析: however和but一般不會(huì)同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一句話中，但本句例外，后半句其實(shí)是not only…but(also)…(不但…而且…)的結(jié)構(gòu)。
語言點(diǎn)2:regard…as…的意思是“把…當(dāng)作…”。
5.Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float.
即使有兩個(gè)艙進(jìn)水，仍可漂浮的水面上。
語言點(diǎn):句子機(jī)構(gòu)分析:even if的意思是“即使”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。
6. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.
然而，這艘巨輪首航就下沉，造成大批人員死亡。人們將永遠(yuǎn)記著這艘巨輪的沉沒慘劇。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，交代沉船事件應(yīng)該被銘記的原因。
語言點(diǎn)2:表示“沉沒”的多種方法辨析:
Sink 下沉（動(dòng)作）
Go down沉沒（結(jié)果）
Drown 淹沒（部分在水下）
Submerge 淹沒（全部在水下）
Dive潛水（還能再主動(dòng)出水）
7. Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy water of the North Atlantic, huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout.
“泰坦尼克”起航后的第4天，它正行駛在北大西洋冰冷的海面上。忽然，瞭望員發(fā)現(xiàn)一座冰山。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:four days after setting out,while…是時(shí)間狀語，中間被逗號(hào)隔開，這是一種非常新穎的時(shí)間狀語從句的寫法。
語言點(diǎn)2:the icy waters of the North Atlantic表示“北大西洋冰冷的海面”。
8. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision.
警報(bào)響過不久，巨輪急轉(zhuǎn)彎，以避免與冰山正面相撞。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:after引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)“警報(bào)被拉響”。To avoid a direct collision為動(dòng)詞不定式短語，作目的狀語，強(qiáng)調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)彎的目的。
語言點(diǎn)2:與“相撞”有關(guān)的短語:
head-on-collision 迎面相撞
rear-on-collision 追尾
side impact 側(cè)撞
9. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense walk of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her.
“泰坦尼克”這個(gè)彎拐得及時(shí)，緊貼著高出海面100英尺的巨大的冰墻擦過去。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:narrowly missing…beside her是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，交代“轉(zhuǎn)彎”后的結(jié)果。Which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾the mimense wall of ice。
語言點(diǎn)2:over 100 feet out of the water可理解為“高出海平面100多英尺”。Besides her是介詞短語，作定語，修飾water。
10. Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened.
忽然，從船艙下部傳來一聲微顫音，船長(zhǎng)走下船艙去查看究竟。
語言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:用there be句型描寫“泰坦尼克”被撞的時(shí)刻。To see what had happened為動(dòng)詞不定式短語，作目的狀語，交代船長(zhǎng)下到船艙去的目的。
11. The noise had been so faint that no one though that the ship had been damaged.
由于這個(gè)聲音非常輕，沒人會(huì)想到船身已遭損壞。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:so…that…引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，faint是原因，that之后的內(nèi)容是結(jié)果，說明聲音太小而導(dǎo)致無人知道船已受損；在這個(gè)結(jié)果狀語從句中又有一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，交代thought的內(nèi)容。
語言點(diǎn)2:表示“破壞”的詞匯總結(jié):
damage 造成一定的損失
destruct 故意或有計(jì)劃地破壞
demolish 造成巨大的打擊
destroy 具有摧毀性質(zhì)的破壞
disrupt 帶有分裂或瓦解的性質(zhì)
12. Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded!
在下面，船長(zhǎng)驚恐的地發(fā)現(xiàn)“泰坦尼克”號(hào)正在急速下沉，16個(gè)密封艙已有5個(gè)進(jìn)水。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，交代“船正在下沉”的原因。主句中，below放在句首往往表示方位“在下面”。To his horror作方式狀語。類似短語還有to one’s surprise(令人驚奇的是)。That引導(dǎo)賓語從句，說明realised的內(nèi)容。
語言點(diǎn)2:為了避免重復(fù)，five后面省略了watertight compartments.
13. The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water.
于是，他發(fā)出棄船的命令，幾百人跳進(jìn)了冰冷刺骨的海水里。
語言點(diǎn)1:to abandon ship是動(dòng)詞不定式短語，作order的定語，說明是什么命令。
語言點(diǎn)2:以-y結(jié)尾表示天氣狀況的十個(gè)經(jīng)典詞匯:
cloudy 多云的;dizzly 下毛毛雨的;foggy 有霧的；icy 結(jié)冰的;rainy 有雨的；snowy 下雪的；stormy 暴風(fēng)雨的;sunny晴朗的；thundery打雷的；windy有風(fēng)的
14. As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.
由于沒有足夠的救生艇運(yùn)載所有乘客，結(jié)果，1,500 人喪生。
語言點(diǎn)1:句子機(jī)構(gòu)分析:as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，交代1500人喪生的原因。
語言點(diǎn)2:被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式life is lost是“死亡，犧牲”的婉轉(zhuǎn)表達(dá)，含有不舍或令人遺憾卻無法挽回的意思。
語言點(diǎn)3:請(qǐng)注意for和as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句時(shí)用法上的區(qū)別:
1. for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句時(shí)，經(jīng)常放在句中。
2. as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句時(shí)，經(jīng)常放在句首。