Eat Healthy
“Clean your plate!” and “Be a member of the clean-plate club!” (第一題：父母教孩子們不要浪費糧食。)Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, it’s accompanied by an appeal: “Just think about those starving ophans in Africa!” Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of staying “clean the plate”, perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.
According to the news reports, US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies. A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended bu the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that.(第二題) They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.
Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today (《今日美國》報)that restaurant portion size began to grow in the 1970s, the same time the American wasteline began to expand.(第三題)
Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this, too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed(調(diào)查) believe restaurants serve portions that are too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can’t afford fine dining still prefer large portions.(第四題) Seventy percent of those earning at $150,000 per year prefer smaller portions; but 45 percent of those earning less than $25,000 per year want smaller.
It’s not that working class Americans don’t want to eat healthy. (第五題：美國工人并不是不想吃得更加健康。)It’s just that, after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next year’s Christmas presents.
練習(xí)
1. Parents in the United States tend to ask their children ___________. (C)
A. to save food
B. to wash the dishes
C. not to waste food (C：父母教孩子不要浪費糧食。)
D. not to eat too much
2. Why do American restaurants serve large portions? (A)
A. Because Americans associate quantity with value.
文章第二段：(美國人傳統(tǒng)上把東西值不值錢是跟數(shù)量聯(lián)系在一起的。)
B. Because Americans have big bellies.
C. Because Americans are good eaters.
D. Because Americans are greedy.
3. What happened in the 1970s? (D)
A. The US government recommended the amount of food a restaurant gave to a customer.
B. Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions.
C. The United States produced more grain than needed.
D. The American wasteline began to expand.
第三段：20世紀(jì)70年代飯館給的飯菜量開始增加，與此同時，美國人的腰圍也開始增大。
4. What does the survey indicate? (A)
A. Many poor Americans want large portions.
調(diào)查報告說明，美國許多窮人希望(飯菜)量大。
B. Twenty percent Americans want smaller portions.
C. Fifty-seven percent Americans earn $150,000 per year.
D. Twenty-three percent Americans earn less than $25,000 per year.
5. Which of the following is Not true of working class Americans? (C)
A. They work long hours.
B. They live from paycheck to paycheck.
C. They don’t want to be healthy earters.
D. They want to save money for their children.
答案: 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. C
1.C 本題問的是：美國父母總是叫他們的孩子干什么。文章開頭說到，每個美國孩子都能從父母或爺爺奶奶那里聽到這樣的話，“吃光你盤子里的東西?！薄白銮灞P俱樂部的成員?！边@些話表達(dá)的意思就是不要浪費糧食。因此，C是正確答案。
2.A 本題問的是：美國飯館為什么飯菜給得多。第二段相關(guān)的話是這么說的：美國人傳統(tǒng)上把東西值不值錢是跟數(shù)量聯(lián)系在一起的。因此，大多數(shù)飯館給的量很大。這些飯館樂于讓顧客抱怨飯菜給得太多，而不愿意讓他們抱怨飯菜給得太少。所以，A 是正確答案。
3.D 本題文的是：20世紀(jì)70年代發(fā)生了什么事?文章第三段說，賓大一位營養(yǎng)學(xué)教授，Barbara Rolls，告訴《今日美國》，20世紀(jì)70年代飯館給的飯菜量開始增加，與此同時，美國人的腰圍也開始增大。所以，D是正確的。
4.A 本題文的是：調(diào)查報告說明了什么?選項B、C和D的數(shù)字不對。唯有A是正確的。A說的是：美國許多窮人希望量大。這個信息在第四段中可以找到。相關(guān)句子是：許多吃不起精美正餐的美國人仍然要量大。
5.C 本題問的是：下面那種說法不符合美國工人的實際情況?C說的是，他們不想做吃的健康的人。這個說法不正確。文章最后一段第一句話說：美國工人并不是不想做吃得健康的人。因此，C正確。