Lesson24 A Skeleton in the Cupboard 櫥柜里的骷髏
新概念3課文內(nèi)容：
We often read in novels how a seemingly respectable person or family has some terrible secret which has been concealed from strangers for years. The English language possesses a vivid saying to describe this sort of situation. The terrible secret is called "a skeleton in the cupboard". At some dramatic moment in the story, the terrible secret becomes known and a reputation is ruined. The reader's hair stands on end when he reads in the final pages of the novel that the heroine, a dear old lady who had always been so kind to everybody, had, in her youth, poisoned every one of her five husbands.
It is all very well for such things to occur in fiction. To varying degrees, we all have secrets which we do not want even our closest friends to learn, but few of us have skeletons in the cupboard. The only person I know who has a skeleton in the cupboard is George Carlton, and he is very proud of the fact. George studied medicine in his youth. Instead of becoming a doctor, however, he became a successful writer of detective stories. I once spent an uncomfortable weekend which I shall never forget at his house. George showed me to the guestroom which, he said, was rarely used. He told me to unpack my things and then come down to dinner. After I had stacked my shirts and underclothes in two empty drawers, I decided to hang one of the two suits I had brought with me in the cupboard. I opened the cupboard door and then stood in front of it petrified. A skeleton was dangling before my eyes. The sudden movement of the door make it sway slightly and it gave me the impression that it was about to leap out at me. Dropping my suit, I dashed downstairs to tell George. This was worse than‘a(chǎn) terrible secret; this was a real skeleton! But George was unsympathetic. ‘Oh, that,'he said with a smile as if he were talking about an old friend. ‘That's Sebastian. You forget that I was a medical student once upon a time.'
新概念英語(yǔ)3逐句精講：
1.We often read in novels how a seemingly respectable person or family has some terrible secret which has been concealed from strangers for years.
在小說(shuō)中，我們經(jīng)常讀到一個(gè)表面上受人尊重的人物或家庭，卻有著某種多年不為人所知的駭人聽(tīng)聞的秘密。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:how引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明read的內(nèi)容。從句中的which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾secret,說(shuō)明“是什么樣的秘密”。
2.The English language possesses a vivid saying to describe this sort of situation.
英語(yǔ)中有一個(gè)生動(dòng)的說(shuō)法來(lái)形容這種情況。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:to describe this sort of situation作賓語(yǔ)saying的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明“說(shuō)法”的內(nèi)容。
3.The terrible secret is called "a skeleton in the cupboard".
驚人的秘密稱(chēng)作 “柜中骷髏 ”。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析: a skeleton in the cupboard作主語(yǔ)secret的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
4.At some dramatic moment in the story, the terrible secret becomes known and a reputation is ruined.
在小說(shuō)的某個(gè)戲劇性時(shí)刻，可怕的秘密泄漏出來(lái)，接著便是某人的聲譽(yù)掃地。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):英語(yǔ)中的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)在譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)必須作出適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整，譯為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)更符合漢語(yǔ)的邏輯和表達(dá)習(xí)慣，a reputation is ruined不可直譯為“一個(gè)聲譽(yù)被毀了”，而是“聲譽(yù)掃地”。
5.The reader's hair stands on end when he reads in the final pages of the novel that the heroine, a dear old lady who had always been so kind to everybody, had, in her youth, poisoned every one of her five husbands.
當(dāng)讀者到小說(shuō)后幾頁(yè)了解到書(shū)中女主人公，那位一向待大家很好的可愛(ài)的老婦人年輕時(shí)一連毒死了她的 5個(gè)丈夫時(shí)，不禁會(huì)毛骨悚然。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:這是一個(gè)超長(zhǎng)的復(fù)合句，主句為T(mén)he reader's hair stands on end,when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，其中又有一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句中含有由who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾lady。此外，a dear old lady作heroine的同位語(yǔ)，in her youth是插入語(yǔ)。
6.It is all very well for such things to occur in fiction.
這種事發(fā)生在小說(shuō)中是無(wú)可非議的。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:it充當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to occur in fiction。此句可以還原為:To occur in fiction is all very well for such things.但還原后的句子頭重腳輕，故使用it作形式主語(yǔ)，而將句子的真正主語(yǔ)移到后面。
7.To varying degrees, we all have secrets which we do not want even our closest friends to learn, but few of us have skeletons in the cupboard.
盡管我們?nèi)巳硕加懈鞣N大小秘密。連親密的朋友都不愿讓他們知道，但我們當(dāng)中極少有人有柜中骷髏。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾secrets,說(shuō)明是“什么樣的秘密”。But連接兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的句子，引出下文。
8.The only person I know who has a skeleton in the cupboard is George Carlton, and he is very proud of the fact.
我所認(rèn)識(shí)的的在柜中藏骷嶁的人便是喬治 .卡爾頓，他甚至引以為自豪。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:person的后面接了兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其中I know的前面省去了在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分的關(guān)系代詞that。
9.George studied medicine in his youth.
喬治年輕時(shí)學(xué)過(guò)醫(yī)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:in his youth的意思是“在他年輕時(shí)”，在本句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
10.Instead of becoming a doctor, however, he became a successful writer of detective stories.
然而，他后來(lái)沒(méi)當(dāng)上醫(yī)生，卻成了一位成功的偵探小說(shuō)作家。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:however是轉(zhuǎn)折連詞，連接兩個(gè)意思相反的句子。Instead of becoming a doctor作方式狀語(yǔ)，放在句首是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)。
11.I once spent an uncomfortable weekend which I shall never forget at his house.
有，我在他家里度周末，過(guò)得很不愉快。這事我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾weekend,說(shuō)明“周末過(guò)得怎么樣”。
12.George showed me to the guestroom which, he said, was rarely used.
喬治把我領(lǐng)進(jìn)客房，說(shuō)這間很少使用。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾guestroom。He said作插入語(yǔ)。
13. He told me to unpack my things and then come down to dinner.
他讓我打開(kāi)行裝后下樓吃飯。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:to unpack my things充當(dāng)me的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。
14. After I had stacked my shirts and underclothes in two empty drawers, I decided to hang one of the two suits I had brought with me in the cupboard.
我將襯衫、內(nèi)衣放進(jìn)兩個(gè)空抽屜里，然后我想把隨身帶來(lái)的兩套西服中的一套掛到大衣柜里去。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:after引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。Suits后為省略了關(guān)系代詞that/which的定語(yǔ)從句。
15. I opened the cupboard door and then stood in front of it petrified.
我打開(kāi)柜門(mén)，站在柜門(mén)前一下驚呆了。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:and并列連接主語(yǔ)“我”發(fā)出的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作。
16. A skeleton was dangling before my eyes.
一具骷髏懸掛在眼前。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):本句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was dangling特別形象地強(qiáng)調(diào)“骷髏”晃來(lái)晃去的恐怖模樣。
17. The sudden movement of the door make it sway slightly and it gave me the impression that it was about to leap out at me.
由于柜門(mén)突然打開(kāi)，它也隨之輕微搖晃起來(lái)，讓我覺(jué)得它好像馬上要跳出柜門(mén)朝我撲過(guò)來(lái)似的。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:sway slightly是賓語(yǔ)it的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。That引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾impression,說(shuō)明“印象如何”。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:leap out(跳出來(lái))為夸張修辭格。
18. Dropping my suit, I dashed downstairs to tell George.
我扔下西服沖下樓去告訴喬治。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:dropping my suit是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:dash downstais的意思是“沖下樓”，注意與rush out(沖出去)加以區(qū)別。
19. This was worse than a terrible secret; this was a real skeleton!
這是比 “駭人聽(tīng)聞的秘密 ”更加驚人的東西，這是一具真正的骷髏??！
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:分號(hào)之后的內(nèi)容為補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，解釋“為什么駭人聽(tīng)聞”。
20. But George was unsympathetic.
但喬治卻無(wú)動(dòng)于衷。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn):句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:but引導(dǎo)的句子與上文的說(shuō)法形成轉(zhuǎn)折，引出下文George對(duì)這件事情的不同看法。
21. ‘Oh, that,’he said with a smile as if he were talking about an old friend.
“噢，是它呀！他笑著說(shuō)道，儼然在談?wù)撘晃焕吓笥选? 語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:that指代上文中提到的skeleton。as if引導(dǎo)虛擬語(yǔ)氣—“好像在談?wù)撘晃焕吓笥选薄? 語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:said with a smile的意思是“笑著說(shuō)”，with a smile作方式狀語(yǔ)，指的是“以笑的方式說(shuō)”。
22. ‘That’s Sebastian. You forget that I was a medical student once upon a time.’
“那是塞巴斯蒂安。你忘了我以前是學(xué)醫(yī)的了?！? 語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1:句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析:that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明forget的內(nèi)容是什么。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2:once upon a time指的是“過(guò)去，曾經(jīng)”，即以前的事情。