題目
Milk and dairy products are rich in vitamin D and calcium—substances essential for building and maintaining bones. Many people therefore say that a diet rich in dairy products can help prevent osteoporosis, a disease that is linked to both environmental and genetic factors and that causes the bones to weaken significantly with age. But a long-term study of a large number of people found that those who consistently consumed dairy products throughout the years of the study have a higher rate of bone fractures than any other participants in the study. Since bone fractures are symptomatic of osteoporosis, this study result shows that a diet rich in dairy products may actually increase, rather than decrease, the risk of osteoporosis.
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
題目翻譯
牛奶和奶制品富含維生素D和鈣，這些都是骨骼生長(zhǎng)和保持骨骼健康所必須的物質(zhì)。因此很多人相信多吃奶制品的飲食可以有助預(yù)防骨質(zhì)疏松癥 [譯]骨質(zhì)疏松癥與環(huán)境因素和基因因素都有關(guān)系，而且它導(dǎo)致骨骼隨年齡增長(zhǎng)而脆性顯著增加。但是對(duì)大量人群的進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)期研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：那些在研究期間經(jīng)常食用奶制品的人骨折發(fā)病率比其他參加研究的人要高。由于骨折是骨質(zhì)疏松癥的癥狀之一，這一研究結(jié)果表明多吃奶制品實(shí)際上會(huì)增加而不是減少患骨質(zhì)疏松癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
說(shuō)明：寫(xiě)一篇文章，闡述需要哪些具體的證據(jù)來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)這個(gè)論證過(guò)程，并解釋這些證據(jù)如何削弱或強(qiáng)化這個(gè)論證過(guò)程。
題目分析
A. 前提：bone fractures are a symptom of osteoporosis
骨折是骨質(zhì)疏松癥的癥狀之一
B. 結(jié)論：a diet rich in dairy products may actually increase, rather than decrease, the risk of osteoporosis
多吃奶制品實(shí)際上會(huì)增加而不是減少患骨質(zhì)疏松癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
C. 論據(jù)：
1. Milk and dairy products are rich in vitamin D and calcium, substances essential for building and maintaining bones
牛奶和奶制品富含維生素D和鈣，這些都是骨骼生長(zhǎng)和保持骨骼健康所必須的物質(zhì)
2. Many people therefore believe that a diet rich in dairy products can help prevent osteoporosis, a disease in which the bones weaken significantly with age and that is linked to both environmental and genetic factors
很多人相信多吃奶制品的飲食可以有助預(yù)防骨質(zhì)疏松癥
3. Osteoporosis is a disease in which the bones weaken significantly with age and that is linked to both environmental and genetic factors
骨質(zhì)疏松癥是一種骨骼隨年齡增長(zhǎng)而脆性顯著增加的疾病，而且它與環(huán)境因素和基因因素都有關(guān)系
4. A long-term study of a large number of people found that those who have consistently consumed dairy products throughout the years of the study have a higher rate of bone fractures than any other participants in the study
對(duì)大量人群的進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)期研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：那些在研究期間經(jīng)常食用奶制品的人骨折發(fā)病率比其他參加研究的人要高
提綱(可攻擊點(diǎn))
1、“維生素D和鈣”是骨骼生長(zhǎng)和保持骨骼健康所必須的物質(zhì)，但是食用“牛奶和奶制品”是否就會(huì)給人體補(bǔ)充充足的骨骼生長(zhǎng)和保持骨骼健康所必須的物質(zhì)?
2、“骨折是骨質(zhì)疏松癥的癥狀之一”，但能否僅根據(jù)骨折就說(shuō)明骨質(zhì)疏松?
3、食用奶制品僅僅是保證“骨骼生長(zhǎng)和保持骨骼健康”的一個(gè)因素，和“與環(huán)境因素和基因因素都有關(guān)系有關(guān)”而且“是一種骨骼隨年齡增長(zhǎng)而脆性顯著增加的疾病”的骨質(zhì)疏松相比，是否存在直接對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系?
【新東方GRE課程推薦】GRE零基礎(chǔ)秘籍 更輕松 更容易>> |
|||
| 特色班 | GRE Verbal方法與高頻題目精講-陳琦 | [免費(fèi)試聽(tīng)] | |
| 強(qiáng)化班 | GRE進(jìn)階課程強(qiáng)化班 | [免費(fèi)試聽(tīng)] | |
| 精講班 | GRE 全程精講班（沖330分） | [免費(fèi)試聽(tīng)] | |