【課文】
First listen and then answer the following question.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
In what two areas have people made no 'progress' at all?
Why does the idea of progress loom so large in the modern world? Surely because progress of a particular kind is actually taking place around us and is becoming more and more manifest. Although mankind has undergone no general improvement in intelligence or morality, it has made extraordinary progress in the accumulation of knowledge. Knowledge began to increase as soon as the thoughts of one individual could be communicated to another by means of speech. With the invention of writing, a great advance was made, for knowledge could then be not only communicated but also stored. Libraries made education possible, and education in its turn added to libraries: the growth of knowledge followed a kind of compound interest law, which was greatly enhanced by the invention of printing. All this was comparatively slow until, with the coming of science, the tempo was suddenly raised. Then knowledge began to be accumulated according to a systematic plan. The trickle became a stream; the stream has now become a torrent. Moreover, as soon as new knowledge is acquired, it is now turned to practical account. What is called 'modern civilization' is not the result of a balanced development of all man's nature, but of accumulated knowledge applied to practical life. The problem now facing humanity is: What is going to be done with all this knowledge? As is so often pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be used equally for good or evil. It is now being used indifferently for both. Could any spectacle, for instance, be more grimly whimsical than that of gunners using science to shatter men's bodies while, close at hand, surgeons use it to restore them? We have to ask ourselves very seriously what will happen if this twofold use of knowledge, with its ever-increasing power, continues.
G.N.M.TYRRELL The Personality of Man
【New words and expressions 生詞和短語】
loom v. 赫然聳起
manifest adj.明顯的
morality n. 道德
communicate v. 交流，交際
compound adj. 復合的
enhance v. 增進
tempo n. 速率
trickle n. 涓涓細流
torrent n. 滔滔洪流
humanity n. 人類
indifferently adv. 不在乎地
grimly adv. 可怖地
whimsical adj. 怪誕的
shatter v. 毀壞
twofold adj. 雙重的
【課文注釋】
1.loom，隱現(xiàn)(常令人生畏);即將發(fā)生。
①If something looms over you, it appears as a large or unclear shape, often in a frightening way.
例句：The mountainous island loomed on the horizon.
那座巨大的島嶼隱隱約約浮現(xiàn)在地平線上。
②If a worrying or threatening situation or event is looming, it seems likely to happen soon.
例句：The looming threat of recession made them anxious.
近在眼前的經濟衰退讓他們很是焦慮。
2.take place，發(fā)生。
take place和happen意思相近，都有發(fā)生的意思，但take place更強調有人為因素參與的某事發(fā)生、有計劃的使某事發(fā)生，而happen多指沒有計劃的、自然發(fā)生的。來看幾個例子就知道了^^
例句：The fete will take place on Sunday, rain or shine.
游園義賣會定於星期日舉行，風雨無阻。
這句話用happen就不妥，因為fete是不會無計劃、自然而然自己發(fā)生的。
例句：The accident happened at the corner of the street.
意外發(fā)生在街角。
這句話中因為accident不是人為安排的讓其發(fā)生的，所以用happen更好。
3.undergo，經歷，遭受。
If you undergo something necessary or unpleasant, it happens to you.
例句：During the past few decades, this city has undergone great changes.
過去的幾十年中，這座城市經歷了巨大的變化。
undergo changes是個比較正式地道的表達。
4.with the invention of wrinting，短語中的with是“由于”的意思。
5.education in its turn added to libraries，教育反過來也豐富了藏書。
①in turn，反過來，轉而。
例句：One of the members of the surgical team leaked the story to a fellow physician who, in turn, confided in a reporter.
醫(yī)療隊中的一名成員把故事告訴了一名內科醫(yī)生，該內科醫(yī)生轉而又告訴了記者。
②in turn，輪流。
例句：The girls called out their names in turn.
那些女孩兒逐一報出自己的名字。
6.a kind of compound interest law，一種復利法則。compound interest law有時也被稱作“雪球法則”，即利上滾利，增長很快。
7.turn...to account，利用……。
例句：We should turn knowledge to good account to build a better future.
我們應該好好利用知識，創(chuàng)造一個美好的未來。
8.Could any spectacle,...to restore them?這句話從形式上是個疑問句，但實質上起一個加強語氣的陳述句的作用，這種疑問句常被稱為修辭疑問句。
9.this twofold use of knowledge，知識的這種雙重性。
twofold表示雙重性：You can use twofold to introduce a topic that has two equally important parts.
例句：The case against is twofold: too risky and too expensive.
反對的理由有兩個：太冒險，太昂貴。
【參考譯文】
為什么進步這個概念在現(xiàn)代世界顯得如此突出?無疑是因為有一種特殊的進步實際上正在我們周圍發(fā)生，而且變得越來越明顯。雖然人類有智力和道德上沒有得到普遍提高，但在知識積累方面卻取得了巨大的進步。人一旦能用語言同別人交流思想，知識的積累便開始了。隨著書寫的發(fā)明，又邁進了一大步，因為這樣一來，知識不僅能交流，而且能儲存了。藏書使教育成為可能，而教育反過來又豐富了藏書，因為知識的增長遵循著一種“滾雪球”的規(guī)律。印刷術的發(fā)明又大大提高了知識增長的速度。所有這些發(fā)展都比較緩慢，而隨著科學的到來，增長的速度才突然加快。于是，知識便開始有系統(tǒng)有計劃地積累起來。涓涓細流匯成小溪，小溪現(xiàn)已變成了奔騰的江河。而且，新知識一旦獲得，便得到實際應用。所謂“現(xiàn)代文明”并不是人的天性平衡發(fā)展的結果，而是積累起來的知識應用到實際生活中的結果。現(xiàn)在人類面臨的問題是：用這些知識去做什么?正像人們常常指出的，知識是一把雙刃刀，可以用于造福，也可以用來為害。人們現(xiàn)在正漫不經心地把知識用于這兩個方面，例如：炮兵利用科學毀壞人的身體、而外科醫(yī)生就在附近用科學搶救被炮兵毀壞的人體，還有什么情景比這更可怕、更怪誕的嗎?我們不得不嚴肅地問問我們自己：隨著日益增長的知識的力量，如果我們繼續(xù)利用知識的這種雙重性，將會發(fā)生什么樣的情況呢?
First listen and then answer the following question.
聽錄音，然后回答以下問題。
In what two areas have people made no 'progress' at all?
Why does the idea of progress loom so large in the modern world? Surely because progress of a particular kind is actually taking place around us and is becoming more and more manifest. Although mankind has undergone no general improvement in intelligence or morality, it has made extraordinary progress in the accumulation of knowledge. Knowledge began to increase as soon as the thoughts of one individual could be communicated to another by means of speech. With the invention of writing, a great advance was made, for knowledge could then be not only communicated but also stored. Libraries made education possible, and education in its turn added to libraries: the growth of knowledge followed a kind of compound interest law, which was greatly enhanced by the invention of printing. All this was comparatively slow until, with the coming of science, the tempo was suddenly raised. Then knowledge began to be accumulated according to a systematic plan. The trickle became a stream; the stream has now become a torrent. Moreover, as soon as new knowledge is acquired, it is now turned to practical account. What is called 'modern civilization' is not the result of a balanced development of all man's nature, but of accumulated knowledge applied to practical life. The problem now facing humanity is: What is going to be done with all this knowledge? As is so often pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be used equally for good or evil. It is now being used indifferently for both. Could any spectacle, for instance, be more grimly whimsical than that of gunners using science to shatter men's bodies while, close at hand, surgeons use it to restore them? We have to ask ourselves very seriously what will happen if this twofold use of knowledge, with its ever-increasing power, continues.
G.N.M.TYRRELL The Personality of Man
【New words and expressions 生詞和短語】
loom v. 赫然聳起
manifest adj.明顯的
morality n. 道德
communicate v. 交流，交際
compound adj. 復合的
enhance v. 增進
tempo n. 速率
trickle n. 涓涓細流
torrent n. 滔滔洪流
humanity n. 人類
indifferently adv. 不在乎地
grimly adv. 可怖地
whimsical adj. 怪誕的
shatter v. 毀壞
twofold adj. 雙重的
【課文注釋】
1.loom，隱現(xiàn)(常令人生畏);即將發(fā)生。
①If something looms over you, it appears as a large or unclear shape, often in a frightening way.
例句：The mountainous island loomed on the horizon.
那座巨大的島嶼隱隱約約浮現(xiàn)在地平線上。
②If a worrying or threatening situation or event is looming, it seems likely to happen soon.
例句：The looming threat of recession made them anxious.
近在眼前的經濟衰退讓他們很是焦慮。
2.take place，發(fā)生。
take place和happen意思相近，都有發(fā)生的意思，但take place更強調有人為因素參與的某事發(fā)生、有計劃的使某事發(fā)生，而happen多指沒有計劃的、自然發(fā)生的。來看幾個例子就知道了^^
例句：The fete will take place on Sunday, rain or shine.
游園義賣會定於星期日舉行，風雨無阻。
這句話用happen就不妥，因為fete是不會無計劃、自然而然自己發(fā)生的。
例句：The accident happened at the corner of the street.
意外發(fā)生在街角。
這句話中因為accident不是人為安排的讓其發(fā)生的，所以用happen更好。
3.undergo，經歷，遭受。
If you undergo something necessary or unpleasant, it happens to you.
例句：During the past few decades, this city has undergone great changes.
過去的幾十年中，這座城市經歷了巨大的變化。
undergo changes是個比較正式地道的表達。
4.with the invention of wrinting，短語中的with是“由于”的意思。
5.education in its turn added to libraries，教育反過來也豐富了藏書。
①in turn，反過來，轉而。
例句：One of the members of the surgical team leaked the story to a fellow physician who, in turn, confided in a reporter.
醫(yī)療隊中的一名成員把故事告訴了一名內科醫(yī)生，該內科醫(yī)生轉而又告訴了記者。
②in turn，輪流。
例句：The girls called out their names in turn.
那些女孩兒逐一報出自己的名字。
6.a kind of compound interest law，一種復利法則。compound interest law有時也被稱作“雪球法則”，即利上滾利，增長很快。
7.turn...to account，利用……。
例句：We should turn knowledge to good account to build a better future.
我們應該好好利用知識，創(chuàng)造一個美好的未來。
8.Could any spectacle,...to restore them?這句話從形式上是個疑問句，但實質上起一個加強語氣的陳述句的作用，這種疑問句常被稱為修辭疑問句。
9.this twofold use of knowledge，知識的這種雙重性。
twofold表示雙重性：You can use twofold to introduce a topic that has two equally important parts.
例句：The case against is twofold: too risky and too expensive.
反對的理由有兩個：太冒險，太昂貴。
【參考譯文】
為什么進步這個概念在現(xiàn)代世界顯得如此突出?無疑是因為有一種特殊的進步實際上正在我們周圍發(fā)生，而且變得越來越明顯。雖然人類有智力和道德上沒有得到普遍提高，但在知識積累方面卻取得了巨大的進步。人一旦能用語言同別人交流思想，知識的積累便開始了。隨著書寫的發(fā)明，又邁進了一大步，因為這樣一來，知識不僅能交流，而且能儲存了。藏書使教育成為可能，而教育反過來又豐富了藏書，因為知識的增長遵循著一種“滾雪球”的規(guī)律。印刷術的發(fā)明又大大提高了知識增長的速度。所有這些發(fā)展都比較緩慢，而隨著科學的到來，增長的速度才突然加快。于是，知識便開始有系統(tǒng)有計劃地積累起來。涓涓細流匯成小溪，小溪現(xiàn)已變成了奔騰的江河。而且，新知識一旦獲得，便得到實際應用。所謂“現(xiàn)代文明”并不是人的天性平衡發(fā)展的結果，而是積累起來的知識應用到實際生活中的結果。現(xiàn)在人類面臨的問題是：用這些知識去做什么?正像人們常常指出的，知識是一把雙刃刀，可以用于造福，也可以用來為害。人們現(xiàn)在正漫不經心地把知識用于這兩個方面，例如：炮兵利用科學毀壞人的身體、而外科醫(yī)生就在附近用科學搶救被炮兵毀壞的人體，還有什么情景比這更可怕、更怪誕的嗎?我們不得不嚴肅地問問我們自己：隨著日益增長的知識的力量，如果我們繼續(xù)利用知識的這種雙重性，將會發(fā)生什么樣的情況呢?