New words and expressions
l affect影響(負(fù)面)
├care much about關(guān)注
├m(xù)ean a lot對(duì)…意義重大
├m(xù)ake great difference巨大影響
├m(xù)ake no difference沒有影響
└exert influence on施加影響
affect one’s mood情緒
My mother cares much about me.
He means a lot to me.
His arrival makes great difference to me.
l take pride in (me)為…自豪
=be proud of
I pride myself on my good taste.
l exert漢語中的施加都可用它
├exert pressure on壓力
├exert influence on
└exert fascination on魔力，魅力
┌fascination奇妙的
├m(xù)iraculous奇談般的
├amazing讓人驚奇的
├fantastic妙不可言的
└magic奇妙的
l maternal love母愛
No one can avoid being influenced by maternal love.
l 倒裝
1. as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句倒裝
Rich as he is, he spends a cent on charity.
Try as he does, he never seems able to do the work beautifully.
as都可譯為“盡管”
2. Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose thethings we want.盡管我們?yōu)樽约旱慕^好鑒賞力感到自豪，但我們已經(jīng)無法自由地選擇我們所需要的東西了。
l In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that product, they have made a close study ofhuman nature.
l 人名(男)：
David被愛的人
Donald世界
Richard勇敢的人
John上帝的禮物
Alan英俊的人
Victor勝利者
Adam紅色的土
George農(nóng)夫
Henry貴族
Peter巖石
Francis自由
Lewis保護(hù)者
l design(具體) ┬設(shè)計(jì)
├devise(抽象) ┘
├plot to do謀劃
├scheme to do密謀
└conceive構(gòu)思
capture one’s attention
┌manufacturer人
└人工 工廠 制造商
l element元素(抽象)
├factor因素
├fraction小部分
└component組成成份
l ingredient配料
└放里面給他減肥，吃
┌anticipate預(yù)料
├foresee預(yù)見
├forecast預(yù)報(bào)
├predict預(yù)計(jì)
└foreknow預(yù)知
made a remarkable discovery
└取代discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)
l for花(錢)
I bought a house for 5,000 dollars.
for nothing免費(fèi)
l rarely go wrong
└be very effective
These days = Nowadays 當(dāng)前
l not only后的動(dòng)詞與but后動(dòng)詞一樣時(shí)，后可省;不同則不省
He not only offers me a free car, but helps me to solve the big problem.(解決)
l sth enables sb to do sth
└使…能…
The class enables me to feel bored.(煩)
Radio and TV have enable advertisers to…
l roast(肉死它)燒的冒煙
└bake烤
┌不久
├very soon
├Before long,
├In no time
└After a while
a little later一會(huì)兒，不久
It’s not long before+句子
=before long, +句子
building of all shapes and sizes大大小小各種形狀
┌Is this seat taken / occupied?
└座位有人嗎?
truly colossal(正式)= really
┌various other ingredients
└other是粘合性詞緊連在名詞前
pride
驕傲
Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste,
無論我們自以為眼光有多高明，
we are no longer free to choose the things we want,
我們事實(shí)上已經(jīng)無法隨心所欲地選購(gòu)想要的東西了，
for advertising exerts a subtle influence.
因?yàn)閺V告對(duì)所有的人都施加著一種潛移默化的影響。
Newland Archer always prides himself on his knowledge of Italian art.
紐蘭.阿切爾一向自命對(duì)意大利藝術(shù)很了解。
He prided himself on always doing the thing he had determined to do.
讓他很自負(fù)的一點(diǎn)是，他決定了的事情就一定要做到。
taste
鑒賞力
You would be surprised at the extent of his knowledge and the sensitivenss of his taste.
他的知識(shí)之廣博，鑒賞力之精細(xì)會(huì)讓你感到驚訝的。
There is no accounting for tastes.
嗜好是無法解釋的。
exert
施加
The consumer will exert a measure of influence over the market economy.
消費(fèi)者市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)能夠產(chǎn)生一定程度的影響。
Bob's parents have been exerting pressure on him to give up his job.
鮑勃的父母一直向他施加壓力，要他放棄現(xiàn)在的工作。
subtle
微妙的，難以捉摸的
Satire is a subtle art.
諷刺是含蓄的藝術(shù)。
This is an extremely subtle diplomatic problem and needs careful handling.
這是一個(gè)非常微妙的外交問題，需要小心處理。
advertiser
做廣告的人
In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that product,
廣告人為了讓我們買他們的商品，
advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our littleweaknesses.
對(duì)人性作了仔細(xì)研究，把人的小缺點(diǎn)也-分類。
This advertiser seems to have exhausted his wits.
這個(gè)廣告似乎是江朗才盡了。
The advertiser split off from his partner and started a company of his own.
這個(gè)廣告人和他的合伙人決裂了，自已開了個(gè)公司。
classify
分類
He classified the phenomena he observed according to the way he sensed them.
他根據(jù)感知的方式對(duì)觀象進(jìn)行分類。
Within a few years he had written five book,none of of which could be classified as fiction.
他在幾年內(nèi)寫了五本書，哪一本都能算小說。
magic
有奇妙作用的。
An advertisement which begins with the magic word Free can rarely go wrong.
用“免費(fèi)”這個(gè)神奇的詞開頭的廣告大都不會(huì)失靈的。
Ma Liang the Magic Brush is one of my favourite tales.
《神筆馬良》是我最喜歡的童話之一。
She has a magic touch with plants--there is a green kingdom on her balcony.
她種花的本領(lǐng)非常奇妙---她的陽臺(tái)上有一個(gè)綠色的王國(guó)。
sample
精品
These days,advertisers not only offer free samples,but free cars,free houses,and free trips roundthe world as well.
現(xiàn)在，廣告不僅提供免費(fèi)樣品，而且還提供免費(fèi)汽車，免費(fèi)住房，免費(fèi)周游世界。
The shopping mall is giving away free samples of this new brand fo cooking oil.
商場(chǎng)正在免費(fèi)分發(fā)這種新品食用油的樣品。
The nurse took a samples of my blood.
擬士抽取了我的血液樣本。
devise
設(shè)計(jì)，想出
They devised hundreds of competitions which will enable us to win huge sums of money.
他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)數(shù)以百計(jì)的競(jìng)賽，提供巨額獎(jiǎng)金。
This system was devised because gold was no longer sufficient to finance balance-of-paymentdeficits.
這套辦法之所以創(chuàng)立，是由于黃金已不足民融通國(guó)際收支中的逆差。
Many may have to rely more heavily on the short-term stores of energy
人類將不得不更多地依賴于能源的短期儲(chǔ)備，
and perhaps also devise new storage methods to supplement those of nature.
或許還得想出新的儲(chǔ)備方法來補(bǔ)充自然資源。
capture
吸引，贏得
Radio and television have made it possible for advertisers
廣播、電視使廣告商得以用這種方法
to capture the attention of millions of people in this way.
吸引成千上萬人的注意力。
The company captures a large share of the market.
公司接得了很大一部分市場(chǎng)份額。
The moon was formed elsewhere in the solar system
月球在太陽系別的地方形成，
and was later captured by the earth's gravitational fiels.
然后被地球的引力場(chǎng)俘獲。
manufacturer
生產(chǎn)廠家，制造商
During a radio programme,a company of biscuit manufacturers
有一次，在電臺(tái)的節(jié)目里，
once asked listeners to bake biscuits and send them to their factory.
一個(gè)餅干公司請(qǐng)聽眾自已烘制餅干送到他們的工廠去。
I always read customer mail,so I'm well aware that most people write to the manufacturer onlywhen there is a problem.
我一向都讀顧客的來信，所以我很知道大多數(shù)人只有在有問題時(shí)才給廠家寫信。
The air-conditioner did not work,so we sent it back to the manufacturer.
空調(diào)壞了，我們把它送回生產(chǎn)廠家了。
wheelbarrow
獨(dú)輪手推車
One lady brought in a biscuit on a wheelbarrow.
一位女士用于推手運(yùn)來一個(gè)餅干。
The gardener put the withered flowers in his wheelbarrow.
園丁把枯了的花放在手推車?yán)铩?BR> Roger hid the stolen statue in a wheelbarrow and came back for it in the midnight.
羅杰把偷來的雕像藏在手推車?yán)铮胍箒砣 ?BR> boot
行李箱
A little later,a man came along with a biscuit which occupied the whole boot of his car.
不一會(huì)兒，一個(gè)男子也帶來一個(gè)大餅干，那餅干把汽車的行李箱擠得滿滿的。
Among other problems,the Cardinal was too small and had no boot.
除了別的問題，卡她那太小了，又沒有行李箱。
I found a little cat sleeping in the boot of my car.
我發(fā)現(xiàn)一只小貓?jiān)谖业男欣钕淅锎姿?BR> ingredient
配料
It had been baked by a college student who had used over 1,000 pounds of fat,
它是由一個(gè)大學(xué)生烘制的，用去1，000 多磅面粉，800磅食糖，
and 400 pounds of various other ingredients.
200 磅動(dòng)物脂肪及400 磅其他各種原料。
Flour and honey are the most important ingredients.
面粉和蜂蜜是最重要的配料。
Inspiration and perspiration are the ingredients of success.
靈感和汗水是成功的要素。
crane
起重機(jī)
It was so heavy that a crane had to be used to remove it from the lorry.
餅干分量太重了，用了一臺(tái)起重機(jī)才把它從卡車上卸下。
Cranes have come into their present widespread use, only since the introduction of steamengines.
直到19世紀(jì)發(fā)明了蒸汽機(jī)之后，起重機(jī)才得以廣泛應(yīng)用。
The band hired a crane to lift the piano into the theatre.
樂隊(duì)組用上臺(tái)起重機(jī)把鋼琴搬進(jìn)劇場(chǎng)。
anticipate
預(yù)期，預(yù)料
The manufacturers had to pay more money than they had anticipated,
餅干公司不得支付比他們的預(yù)計(jì)多得多的錢，
for they bought the biscuit from the student for $24,000.
因?yàn)橘I下那學(xué)生烘制的餅干他們花了24，000 美元。
The football players anticipated nothing but friendly congratulations and a substantialcheque.
足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員們期待著友好的祝賀和一張數(shù)目可觀的支票。
In business you've got to anticipate how your competitors will act.
做生意，必須事先估計(jì)你的對(duì)手會(huì)如何行動(dòng)。
l affect影響(負(fù)面)
├care much about關(guān)注
├m(xù)ean a lot對(duì)…意義重大
├m(xù)ake great difference巨大影響
├m(xù)ake no difference沒有影響
└exert influence on施加影響
affect one’s mood情緒
My mother cares much about me.
He means a lot to me.
His arrival makes great difference to me.
l take pride in (me)為…自豪
=be proud of
I pride myself on my good taste.
l exert漢語中的施加都可用它
├exert pressure on壓力
├exert influence on
└exert fascination on魔力，魅力
┌fascination奇妙的
├m(xù)iraculous奇談般的
├amazing讓人驚奇的
├fantastic妙不可言的
└magic奇妙的
l maternal love母愛
No one can avoid being influenced by maternal love.
l 倒裝
1. as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句倒裝
Rich as he is, he spends a cent on charity.
Try as he does, he never seems able to do the work beautifully.
as都可譯為“盡管”
2. Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose thethings we want.盡管我們?yōu)樽约旱慕^好鑒賞力感到自豪，但我們已經(jīng)無法自由地選擇我們所需要的東西了。
l In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that product, they have made a close study ofhuman nature.
l 人名(男)：
David被愛的人
Donald世界
Richard勇敢的人
John上帝的禮物
Alan英俊的人
Victor勝利者
Adam紅色的土
George農(nóng)夫
Henry貴族
Peter巖石
Francis自由
Lewis保護(hù)者
l design(具體) ┬設(shè)計(jì)
├devise(抽象) ┘
├plot to do謀劃
├scheme to do密謀
└conceive構(gòu)思
capture one’s attention
┌manufacturer人
└人工 工廠 制造商
l element元素(抽象)
├factor因素
├fraction小部分
└component組成成份
l ingredient配料
└放里面給他減肥，吃
┌anticipate預(yù)料
├foresee預(yù)見
├forecast預(yù)報(bào)
├predict預(yù)計(jì)
└foreknow預(yù)知
made a remarkable discovery
└取代discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)
l for花(錢)
I bought a house for 5,000 dollars.
for nothing免費(fèi)
l rarely go wrong
└be very effective
These days = Nowadays 當(dāng)前
l not only后的動(dòng)詞與but后動(dòng)詞一樣時(shí)，后可省;不同則不省
He not only offers me a free car, but helps me to solve the big problem.(解決)
l sth enables sb to do sth
└使…能…
The class enables me to feel bored.(煩)
Radio and TV have enable advertisers to…
l roast(肉死它)燒的冒煙
└bake烤
┌不久
├very soon
├Before long,
├In no time
└After a while
a little later一會(huì)兒，不久
It’s not long before+句子
=before long, +句子
building of all shapes and sizes大大小小各種形狀
┌Is this seat taken / occupied?
└座位有人嗎?
truly colossal(正式)= really
┌various other ingredients
└other是粘合性詞緊連在名詞前
pride
驕傲
Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste,
無論我們自以為眼光有多高明，
we are no longer free to choose the things we want,
我們事實(shí)上已經(jīng)無法隨心所欲地選購(gòu)想要的東西了，
for advertising exerts a subtle influence.
因?yàn)閺V告對(duì)所有的人都施加著一種潛移默化的影響。
Newland Archer always prides himself on his knowledge of Italian art.
紐蘭.阿切爾一向自命對(duì)意大利藝術(shù)很了解。
He prided himself on always doing the thing he had determined to do.
讓他很自負(fù)的一點(diǎn)是，他決定了的事情就一定要做到。
taste
鑒賞力
You would be surprised at the extent of his knowledge and the sensitivenss of his taste.
他的知識(shí)之廣博，鑒賞力之精細(xì)會(huì)讓你感到驚訝的。
There is no accounting for tastes.
嗜好是無法解釋的。
exert
施加
The consumer will exert a measure of influence over the market economy.
消費(fèi)者市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)能夠產(chǎn)生一定程度的影響。
Bob's parents have been exerting pressure on him to give up his job.
鮑勃的父母一直向他施加壓力，要他放棄現(xiàn)在的工作。
subtle
微妙的，難以捉摸的
Satire is a subtle art.
諷刺是含蓄的藝術(shù)。
This is an extremely subtle diplomatic problem and needs careful handling.
這是一個(gè)非常微妙的外交問題，需要小心處理。
advertiser
做廣告的人
In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that product,
廣告人為了讓我們買他們的商品，
advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our littleweaknesses.
對(duì)人性作了仔細(xì)研究，把人的小缺點(diǎn)也-分類。
This advertiser seems to have exhausted his wits.
這個(gè)廣告似乎是江朗才盡了。
The advertiser split off from his partner and started a company of his own.
這個(gè)廣告人和他的合伙人決裂了，自已開了個(gè)公司。
classify
分類
He classified the phenomena he observed according to the way he sensed them.
他根據(jù)感知的方式對(duì)觀象進(jìn)行分類。
Within a few years he had written five book,none of of which could be classified as fiction.
他在幾年內(nèi)寫了五本書，哪一本都能算小說。
magic
有奇妙作用的。
An advertisement which begins with the magic word Free can rarely go wrong.
用“免費(fèi)”這個(gè)神奇的詞開頭的廣告大都不會(huì)失靈的。
Ma Liang the Magic Brush is one of my favourite tales.
《神筆馬良》是我最喜歡的童話之一。
She has a magic touch with plants--there is a green kingdom on her balcony.
她種花的本領(lǐng)非常奇妙---她的陽臺(tái)上有一個(gè)綠色的王國(guó)。
sample
精品
These days,advertisers not only offer free samples,but free cars,free houses,and free trips roundthe world as well.
現(xiàn)在，廣告不僅提供免費(fèi)樣品，而且還提供免費(fèi)汽車，免費(fèi)住房，免費(fèi)周游世界。
The shopping mall is giving away free samples of this new brand fo cooking oil.
商場(chǎng)正在免費(fèi)分發(fā)這種新品食用油的樣品。
The nurse took a samples of my blood.
擬士抽取了我的血液樣本。
devise
設(shè)計(jì)，想出
They devised hundreds of competitions which will enable us to win huge sums of money.
他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)數(shù)以百計(jì)的競(jìng)賽，提供巨額獎(jiǎng)金。
This system was devised because gold was no longer sufficient to finance balance-of-paymentdeficits.
這套辦法之所以創(chuàng)立，是由于黃金已不足民融通國(guó)際收支中的逆差。
Many may have to rely more heavily on the short-term stores of energy
人類將不得不更多地依賴于能源的短期儲(chǔ)備，
and perhaps also devise new storage methods to supplement those of nature.
或許還得想出新的儲(chǔ)備方法來補(bǔ)充自然資源。
capture
吸引，贏得
Radio and television have made it possible for advertisers
廣播、電視使廣告商得以用這種方法
to capture the attention of millions of people in this way.
吸引成千上萬人的注意力。
The company captures a large share of the market.
公司接得了很大一部分市場(chǎng)份額。
The moon was formed elsewhere in the solar system
月球在太陽系別的地方形成，
and was later captured by the earth's gravitational fiels.
然后被地球的引力場(chǎng)俘獲。
manufacturer
生產(chǎn)廠家，制造商
During a radio programme,a company of biscuit manufacturers
有一次，在電臺(tái)的節(jié)目里，
once asked listeners to bake biscuits and send them to their factory.
一個(gè)餅干公司請(qǐng)聽眾自已烘制餅干送到他們的工廠去。
I always read customer mail,so I'm well aware that most people write to the manufacturer onlywhen there is a problem.
我一向都讀顧客的來信，所以我很知道大多數(shù)人只有在有問題時(shí)才給廠家寫信。
The air-conditioner did not work,so we sent it back to the manufacturer.
空調(diào)壞了，我們把它送回生產(chǎn)廠家了。
wheelbarrow
獨(dú)輪手推車
One lady brought in a biscuit on a wheelbarrow.
一位女士用于推手運(yùn)來一個(gè)餅干。
The gardener put the withered flowers in his wheelbarrow.
園丁把枯了的花放在手推車?yán)铩?BR> Roger hid the stolen statue in a wheelbarrow and came back for it in the midnight.
羅杰把偷來的雕像藏在手推車?yán)铮胍箒砣 ?BR> boot
行李箱
A little later,a man came along with a biscuit which occupied the whole boot of his car.
不一會(huì)兒，一個(gè)男子也帶來一個(gè)大餅干，那餅干把汽車的行李箱擠得滿滿的。
Among other problems,the Cardinal was too small and had no boot.
除了別的問題，卡她那太小了，又沒有行李箱。
I found a little cat sleeping in the boot of my car.
我發(fā)現(xiàn)一只小貓?jiān)谖业男欣钕淅锎姿?BR> ingredient
配料
It had been baked by a college student who had used over 1,000 pounds of fat,
它是由一個(gè)大學(xué)生烘制的，用去1，000 多磅面粉，800磅食糖，
and 400 pounds of various other ingredients.
200 磅動(dòng)物脂肪及400 磅其他各種原料。
Flour and honey are the most important ingredients.
面粉和蜂蜜是最重要的配料。
Inspiration and perspiration are the ingredients of success.
靈感和汗水是成功的要素。
crane
起重機(jī)
It was so heavy that a crane had to be used to remove it from the lorry.
餅干分量太重了，用了一臺(tái)起重機(jī)才把它從卡車上卸下。
Cranes have come into their present widespread use, only since the introduction of steamengines.
直到19世紀(jì)發(fā)明了蒸汽機(jī)之后，起重機(jī)才得以廣泛應(yīng)用。
The band hired a crane to lift the piano into the theatre.
樂隊(duì)組用上臺(tái)起重機(jī)把鋼琴搬進(jìn)劇場(chǎng)。
anticipate
預(yù)期，預(yù)料
The manufacturers had to pay more money than they had anticipated,
餅干公司不得支付比他們的預(yù)計(jì)多得多的錢，
for they bought the biscuit from the student for $24,000.
因?yàn)橘I下那學(xué)生烘制的餅干他們花了24，000 美元。
The football players anticipated nothing but friendly congratulations and a substantialcheque.
足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員們期待著友好的祝賀和一張數(shù)目可觀的支票。
In business you've got to anticipate how your competitors will act.
做生意，必須事先估計(jì)你的對(duì)手會(huì)如何行動(dòng)。