被動態(tài)的用法
1、不知道或沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者，這時就用被動語態(tài)。
I felt a littlie nervous when I was beinginterviewed. 我接受面試的時候，有點緊張。
These fighters are imported from Russia. 這些戰(zhàn)斗機是從俄國進口的。
That place has been turned into a swimmingpool. 那個地方已被變成游泳池。
2、說話或發(fā)表意見時，為了顯得客觀公正，也常用被動語態(tài)
He’ssaid/believed/reported to be in the U. S. A. 據(jù)說/據(jù)信/據(jù)報道他在美國。
常用句型(that后面跟句子)：
It is said that…….
It is reported that…….
It is hoped that…….
It is believed that…….
It is announced that…….
it is (well) known that…….
It has been decided that…….
It is supposed that…….
It is suggested that…….
It must be remembered that…….
It is taken for granted that…….
主動句變被動句
一：時態(tài)不能改變;二：變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)后，謂語動詞要和被動語態(tài)的主語在人稱、數(shù)上保持一致。還要作如下變動：把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語;主動語態(tài)的主語放在by的后面，組成介詞短語，再把這個介詞短語放在被動語態(tài)的謂語動詞之后。在動作的執(zhí)行者無須說明或不必要強調(diào)時，by短語可以省略。
They will open a new supermarket theresoon.
A new supermarket will be opened theresoon.
Somebody has warned us to be careful ofrats.
We have been warned to be careful of rats.
如果主動語態(tài)有兩個賓語(直接賓語和間接賓語)，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，可將其中任何一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個不變。但較常見的是將間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。
The reporters asked the president somequestions.
The president was asked some questions bythe reporters. (變間接賓語為主語)
Some questions were asked the president bythe reporters. (變直接賓語為主語)
情態(tài)動詞被動態(tài)
句中含有情態(tài)動詞時，其被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是：情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞：
The timetable can be changed any time. 時間表隨時可以改變。
This book may not be taken out of thereading room. 這本書不允許帶出閱覽室。
This dictionary must be taken good care of.這本詞典必須保管好。
其他要點
1、有些動詞形式上是主動，意義上是被動。
School begins in September. 學(xué)校九月份開學(xué)。
The library doesn’t open onSunday. 圖書館星期天不開放。
The machine runs well. 這臺機器容易操作。
My pen writes well. 我的鋼筆好使。
The cloth washes well. 這料子耐洗。
The dictionary sells well. 這詞典銷路很好。
The door will not shut/lock. 門關(guān)/鎖不上。
2、make, see, watch,hear, notice, feel等使役動詞和感官動詞的賓語后面可以接不帶to的不定式作賓補。但在被動語態(tài)中，不定式符號to必須補上。
They made him go. 他們讓他去。
He was made to go. 他被要求去了。
I heard him say good-bye to his friends. 我聽見他向他的朋友說再見。
He was heard to say good-bye to hisfriends. 有人聽到他向他的朋友說再見。
3、除助動詞be外，動詞get有時也可跟過去分詞構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)，是比較口語化的一種被動語態(tài)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)中很少用by短語。
I got lost in the huge market. 在那個巨大的市場中我迷失了方向。
In the end this story got translated intoEnglish. 這故事最后被譯成了英文。 His car got damaged in aroad accident. 他的車在交通事故中被毀了。
4、“have/get+賓語+過去分詞”這個句型也表達了一種被動的意思。
I had my wallet stolen/lost last Sundaywhen I was shopping. 上星期天買東西的時候我的錢夾被盜。
I bought these books at a discount and hadtwo hundred dollars saved. 我打折買了這些書，省了兩百美元。
5、在need, want, require后面，主動的-ing形式表達被動的意思：
our garden needs watering. (=…to bewatered) 你的花園需要澆水。
Does your suit require pressing, sir? 先生，您的衣服要燙嗎?
1、不知道或沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者，這時就用被動語態(tài)。
I felt a littlie nervous when I was beinginterviewed. 我接受面試的時候，有點緊張。
These fighters are imported from Russia. 這些戰(zhàn)斗機是從俄國進口的。
That place has been turned into a swimmingpool. 那個地方已被變成游泳池。
2、說話或發(fā)表意見時，為了顯得客觀公正，也常用被動語態(tài)
He’ssaid/believed/reported to be in the U. S. A. 據(jù)說/據(jù)信/據(jù)報道他在美國。
常用句型(that后面跟句子)：
It is said that…….
It is reported that…….
It is hoped that…….
It is believed that…….
It is announced that…….
it is (well) known that…….
It has been decided that…….
It is supposed that…….
It is suggested that…….
It must be remembered that…….
It is taken for granted that…….
主動句變被動句
一：時態(tài)不能改變;二：變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)后，謂語動詞要和被動語態(tài)的主語在人稱、數(shù)上保持一致。還要作如下變動：把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語;主動語態(tài)的主語放在by的后面，組成介詞短語，再把這個介詞短語放在被動語態(tài)的謂語動詞之后。在動作的執(zhí)行者無須說明或不必要強調(diào)時，by短語可以省略。
They will open a new supermarket theresoon.
A new supermarket will be opened theresoon.
Somebody has warned us to be careful ofrats.
We have been warned to be careful of rats.
如果主動語態(tài)有兩個賓語(直接賓語和間接賓語)，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，可將其中任何一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個不變。但較常見的是將間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。
The reporters asked the president somequestions.
The president was asked some questions bythe reporters. (變間接賓語為主語)
Some questions were asked the president bythe reporters. (變直接賓語為主語)
情態(tài)動詞被動態(tài)
句中含有情態(tài)動詞時，其被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是：情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞：
The timetable can be changed any time. 時間表隨時可以改變。
This book may not be taken out of thereading room. 這本書不允許帶出閱覽室。
This dictionary must be taken good care of.這本詞典必須保管好。
其他要點
1、有些動詞形式上是主動，意義上是被動。
School begins in September. 學(xué)校九月份開學(xué)。
The library doesn’t open onSunday. 圖書館星期天不開放。
The machine runs well. 這臺機器容易操作。
My pen writes well. 我的鋼筆好使。
The cloth washes well. 這料子耐洗。
The dictionary sells well. 這詞典銷路很好。
The door will not shut/lock. 門關(guān)/鎖不上。
2、make, see, watch,hear, notice, feel等使役動詞和感官動詞的賓語后面可以接不帶to的不定式作賓補。但在被動語態(tài)中，不定式符號to必須補上。
They made him go. 他們讓他去。
He was made to go. 他被要求去了。
I heard him say good-bye to his friends. 我聽見他向他的朋友說再見。
He was heard to say good-bye to hisfriends. 有人聽到他向他的朋友說再見。
3、除助動詞be外，動詞get有時也可跟過去分詞構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)，是比較口語化的一種被動語態(tài)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)中很少用by短語。
I got lost in the huge market. 在那個巨大的市場中我迷失了方向。
In the end this story got translated intoEnglish. 這故事最后被譯成了英文。 His car got damaged in aroad accident. 他的車在交通事故中被毀了。
4、“have/get+賓語+過去分詞”這個句型也表達了一種被動的意思。
I had my wallet stolen/lost last Sundaywhen I was shopping. 上星期天買東西的時候我的錢夾被盜。
I bought these books at a discount and hadtwo hundred dollars saved. 我打折買了這些書，省了兩百美元。
5、在need, want, require后面，主動的-ing形式表達被動的意思：
our garden needs watering. (=…to bewatered) 你的花園需要澆水。
Does your suit require pressing, sir? 先生，您的衣服要燙嗎?