77. This is the credibility process, through whichthe individual researcher's me, here, now becomesthe community's anyone, anywhere, anytime.
78. Within the complex social structure of the scientific community, researchers makediscoveries; editors and reviewers act as gatekeepers by controlling the publication process;other scientists use the new finding to suit their own purpose; and finally, the public (includingother scientists) receives the new discovery and possibly accompanying technology.
79. As a discovery claim works it through thecommunity, the interaction and confrontationbetween shared and competing beliefs about thescience and the technology involved transforms anindividual's discovery claim into the community'scredible discovery.
80. First, scientific work tends to focus on some aspect of prevailing knowledge that is viewedas incomplete or incorrect.
考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句解析：
第77題：
【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干為 This is...process...。which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 process，其中介詞 through提前。
【譯文】這是一個(gè)信任的過(guò)程，通過(guò)這個(gè)過(guò)程，個(gè)體研究者的"我"、"此地"、"此時(shí)"變成了整個(gè)科學(xué)界的"任何人"、"任何地方"和"任何時(shí)間"。
第78題：
【分析】并列句。由分號(hào)及 and 連接四個(gè)并列的分句。第一個(gè)分句的主干為 researchers makediscoveries。第二個(gè)分句的主干為 editors and reviewers act。第三個(gè)分句的主干為 scientistsuse...finding...。第四個(gè)分句的主干為 the public...receives...discovery and...technology。Within thecommunity 作四個(gè)分句共同的狀語(yǔ)。
【譯文】在科學(xué)界的復(fù)雜社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)里，研究人員負(fù)責(zé)發(fā)現(xiàn)事物;編輯和評(píng)論作為看門人掌握著發(fā)表發(fā)現(xiàn)的進(jìn)程;其他科學(xué)家按自己的研究目的運(yùn)用新發(fā)現(xiàn);最終大眾(包括其他科學(xué)家)接受新發(fā)現(xiàn)以及可能隨之而來(lái)的新技術(shù)。
【點(diǎn)撥】1) suit 作名詞時(shí)意為"一套衣服"，作動(dòng)詞時(shí)意為"適合于，使?jié)M意"。2) accompany "陪伴，伴隨"。
第79題：
【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干為 the interaction andconfrontation...transforms...claiminto...discovery。as 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。主句中between...involved 作定語(yǔ)，修飾主語(yǔ) the interactionand confrontation。
【譯文】當(dāng)一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)申明通過(guò)了科學(xué)界的層層考驗(yàn)，與之相關(guān)的科學(xué)和技術(shù)所共有和沖突的信念間相互作用、相互對(duì)抗，使個(gè)人申明的發(fā)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)化成為科學(xué)界可信的發(fā)現(xiàn)。
第80題：
【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干為 work tends to focus on...，that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 knowledge。
【譯文】第一，科學(xué)工作傾向于針對(duì)現(xiàn)有的知識(shí)中被認(rèn)為不完全或不正確的某個(gè)方向。
【點(diǎn)撥】prevailing"普遍的;流行的"。
78. Within the complex social structure of the scientific community, researchers makediscoveries; editors and reviewers act as gatekeepers by controlling the publication process;other scientists use the new finding to suit their own purpose; and finally, the public (includingother scientists) receives the new discovery and possibly accompanying technology.
79. As a discovery claim works it through thecommunity, the interaction and confrontationbetween shared and competing beliefs about thescience and the technology involved transforms anindividual's discovery claim into the community'scredible discovery.
80. First, scientific work tends to focus on some aspect of prevailing knowledge that is viewedas incomplete or incorrect.
考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句解析：
第77題：
【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干為 This is...process...。which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 process，其中介詞 through提前。
【譯文】這是一個(gè)信任的過(guò)程，通過(guò)這個(gè)過(guò)程，個(gè)體研究者的"我"、"此地"、"此時(shí)"變成了整個(gè)科學(xué)界的"任何人"、"任何地方"和"任何時(shí)間"。
第78題：
【分析】并列句。由分號(hào)及 and 連接四個(gè)并列的分句。第一個(gè)分句的主干為 researchers makediscoveries。第二個(gè)分句的主干為 editors and reviewers act。第三個(gè)分句的主干為 scientistsuse...finding...。第四個(gè)分句的主干為 the public...receives...discovery and...technology。Within thecommunity 作四個(gè)分句共同的狀語(yǔ)。
【譯文】在科學(xué)界的復(fù)雜社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)里，研究人員負(fù)責(zé)發(fā)現(xiàn)事物;編輯和評(píng)論作為看門人掌握著發(fā)表發(fā)現(xiàn)的進(jìn)程;其他科學(xué)家按自己的研究目的運(yùn)用新發(fā)現(xiàn);最終大眾(包括其他科學(xué)家)接受新發(fā)現(xiàn)以及可能隨之而來(lái)的新技術(shù)。
【點(diǎn)撥】1) suit 作名詞時(shí)意為"一套衣服"，作動(dòng)詞時(shí)意為"適合于，使?jié)M意"。2) accompany "陪伴，伴隨"。
第79題：
【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干為 the interaction andconfrontation...transforms...claiminto...discovery。as 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。主句中between...involved 作定語(yǔ)，修飾主語(yǔ) the interactionand confrontation。
【譯文】當(dāng)一個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)申明通過(guò)了科學(xué)界的層層考驗(yàn)，與之相關(guān)的科學(xué)和技術(shù)所共有和沖突的信念間相互作用、相互對(duì)抗，使個(gè)人申明的發(fā)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)化成為科學(xué)界可信的發(fā)現(xiàn)。
第80題：
【分析】復(fù)合句。句子主干為 work tends to focus on...，that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 knowledge。
【譯文】第一，科學(xué)工作傾向于針對(duì)現(xiàn)有的知識(shí)中被認(rèn)為不完全或不正確的某個(gè)方向。
【點(diǎn)撥】prevailing"普遍的;流行的"。