新概念第一冊(cè)課文翻譯及知識(shí)點(diǎn)【Lesson115、117、119】

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新概念英語(yǔ)作為一套世界聞名的英語(yǔ)教程,以其全新的教學(xué)理念,有趣的課文內(nèi)容和全面的技能訓(xùn)練,深受廣大英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者的歡迎和喜愛。為了方便同學(xué)們的學(xué)習(xí),為大家整理了全面的新概念第一冊(cè)課文翻譯及學(xué)習(xí)筆記,希望為大家的新概念英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)提供幫助!
    Lesson115
      【課文】
    HELEN: Isn't there anyone at home?
    JIM: I'll knock again, Helen. Everything's very quiet. I'm sure there's no one at home.
    HELEN: But that's impossible. Carol and Tom invited us to lunch. Look through the window.
    HELEN: Can you see anything?
    JIM: Nothing at all.
    HELEN: Let's try the back door.
    JIM: Look! Everyone's in the garden.
    CAROL: Hello, Helen. Hello, Jim.
    TOM: Everybody wants to have lunch in the garden. It's nice and warm out here.
    CAROL: Come and have something to drink.
    JIM: Thanks, Carol. May I have a glass of beer please?
    CAROL: Beer? There's none left. You can have some lemonade.
    JIM: Lemonade!
    TOM: Don't believe her, Jim. She's only joking. Have some beer!
     【課文翻譯】
    海 倫:家里沒有人嗎?
    吉 姆:海倫,我再敲。毫無動(dòng)靜,肯定家里沒有人。
    海 倫:但這是不可能的??_爾和湯姆請(qǐng)我們來吃午飯。從窗子往里看看。
    海 倫:你能看見什么嗎?
    吉 姆:什么也看不見。
    海 倫:讓我們到后門去試試。
    吉 姆:瞧!大家都在花園里。
    卡羅爾:你好,海倫。你好,吉姆。
    湯 姆:大家都想在花園里吃午飯。這外面挺暖和。
    卡羅爾:來喝點(diǎn)什么。
    湯 姆:謝謝,卡羅爾。給我一杯啤酒好嗎?
    卡羅爾:啤酒?一點(diǎn)都不剩了。你可以喝點(diǎn)檸檬水。
    吉 姆:檸檬水!
    湯 姆:吉姆,別信她的。她只是在開玩笑。喝點(diǎn)啤酒吧!
     【生詞】
    anyone pron.(用于疑問句,否定句)任何人
    knock v. 敲,打
    everything pron.一切事情
    quiet adj. 寧?kù)o的,安靜的
    impossible adj. 不可能的
    invite v. 邀請(qǐng)
    anything pron.任何東西
    nothing pron.什么也沒有
    lemonade n. 檸檬水
    joke v. 開玩笑
    【知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解】
    (一)單詞擴(kuò)展
    1. knock v. 敲,打 knock at the door 敲門
    2. quiet adj. 平靜的,安靜的 quietly adv. 安靜地
    3. impossible adj. 不可能的 反義詞 possible adj. 可能的
    Adidas的廣告語(yǔ) Impossible is nothing “沒有不可能”
    4. invite v.邀請(qǐng) invite sb to lunch/dinner 請(qǐng)某人吃午飯/晚餐
    invitation n. 邀請(qǐng)
    5. joke v. 開玩笑 常用口語(yǔ): Are you joking?你不是在開玩笑吧?
    (二)不定代詞的用法
    本課中集中出現(xiàn)了較多的不定代詞。所謂的不定代詞就是由some,any,no, every與-one,-thing,-body組成的復(fù)合詞,在句子中起代詞的作用。但因?yàn)檫@些詞,具體指代什么,并不清楚,所以就稱為不定代詞。
    規(guī)律:
    1. 這些不定代詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí),均視為單數(shù)。
    2. 一般來說,由any組成的不定代詞,通常放在疑問句,否定句中。而由some組成的不定代詞則放在肯定句中。但希望別人不要拒絕某種邀請(qǐng)時(shí),可以用some來代替any組成的代詞。Would you like some orange?想來點(diǎn)橙汁嗎?(言下之意:請(qǐng)你不要拒絕。)
    3. 由any,some,no,every組成的不定代詞,還是保留了它們的含義。如:any(任何),anything,任何東西,anybody 任何人,anyone 任何人;some(某...) somebody/someone 某人, something,某事,以此類推,every(每...) no (沒有...)
    (三)省略句的用法
    在113課時(shí),我提到了省略句,并要求大家去找找這一課有多少個(gè)省略句。你找到了嗎?
    今天我們具體來講講,省略句的用法:
    1. 省略句,就是別人在稱述某種現(xiàn)象或觀點(diǎn)時(shí),你表示贊同,或你也有如此經(jīng)歷時(shí),所用的一種表達(dá)。
    E.g. A:I like watching TV very much. B可能會(huì)說:I like watching TV very much, too.但更多的時(shí)候,我們不必要再把別人的話,原原本本地重復(fù)一遍。這是省略句就可以大展拳腳了。
    2. 省略句的用法:
    1)肯定句后的省略句。So+be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)??隙ň渲腥绻衎e動(dòng)詞,確定好時(shí)態(tài)后,省略句用So+be動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu);如果肯定句中沒有be動(dòng)詞,就得借助助動(dòng)詞了。選擇助動(dòng)詞的選擇,取決于肯定句的時(shí)態(tài)。如果句子中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can,could,may,must等),省略句的格式為so+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)。
    例如:
    be動(dòng)詞:
    A:I am a student. (有be動(dòng)詞,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)) B: So am I/So is my sister.
    A:I was 16 years old. (有be動(dòng)詞,一般過去時(shí))B:So was I/So was my sister.
    助動(dòng)詞:
    A:I like watching TV very much.(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)) B:So do I./So does my sister. (do, does,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的助動(dòng)詞,但要根據(jù)省略句的主語(yǔ)變化而變)
    A:I went to Beijing last summer.(一般過去時(shí)) B:So did I./So did my sister.
    情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:
    A:I can swim as fast as Liuxiang. B: So can I/so can my sister.(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不需要做任何變化)
    2)否定句后的省略句。Neither+be動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)。(具體be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的變化與肯定句后的省略句相同)
    A:I am not a student. B: Neither am I./Neither is my sister.
    A:I don't like watching TV very much. B: Neither do I./Neither does my sister.
    Lesson117
      【課文】
    When my husband was going into the dining room this morning, he dropped some coins on the floor.
    There were coins everywhere. We looked for them, but we could not find them all.
    While we were having breakfast, our little boy, Tommy, found two small coins on the floor.
    He put them both into his mouth. We both tried to get the coins, but it was too late. Tommy had already swallowed them!
    Late that morning, when I was doing the housework, my husband phoned me from the office.
    'How's Tommy?' he asked. 'I don't know,' I answered, 'Tommy's been to the toilet three times this morning, but I haven't had any change yet!'
      【課文翻譯】
    今天早晨我丈夫走進(jìn)飯廳時(shí),把一些硬幣掉在地上了。
    到處都是硬幣。我們雖然找了,但沒有把它們?nèi)空业健?BR>    正當(dāng)我們吃早飯時(shí),我們的小男孩湯米在地上找到兩枚小硬幣。
    他把這兩枚硬幣全都放進(jìn)嘴里。我們倆都試圖把這兩枚硬幣拿出來,但太遲了。湯米已經(jīng)把硬幣咽了下去!
    那天下午的晚些時(shí)候,當(dāng)我正做家務(wù)時(shí),我丈夫從辦公室打來電話。
    “湯米怎么樣?”他問。“我不知道”,我回答說,“今天上午湯米去了3次廁所了,但我還沒看到硬幣!”
     【生詞】
    dinning room 飯廳
    coin n. 硬幣
    mouth n. 嘴
    swallow v. 吞下
    later adv. 后來
    toilet n. 廁所,盥洗室
     【知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解】
    1. 翻譯句子:
    1) 聽!誰在敲門呢?
    Listen! Who is knocking at the door?
    2) 他打算今晚請(qǐng)你吃晚飯。
    He is going to invite you to dinner.
    2. A: 我不能跟劉翔跑得一樣快。B: 我也不能。
    A: I cannot run as fast as Liuxiang. B:Neither can I.
    A: Tom 很喜歡吃巧克力。B: 我妹妹也很喜歡吃。
    A: Tom likes eating chocolate very much. B: So does my sister.
    (一)單詞擴(kuò)展
    1)dinning room 飯廳 dine v. 吃飯,用餐 dinning room (a room for dining) 就餐的房間
    toilet 廁所,盥洗室
    現(xiàn)在我們用英語(yǔ)來描述一下我們的家:living room 客廳/起居室 bedroom 臥室 dining room 飯廳 garden 花園
    kitchen #FormatImgID_5# 廚房 toilet #FormatImgID_6# 廁所 balcony #FormatImgID_7# 陽(yáng)臺(tái)
    2)toilet n. 廁所,盥洗室
    廁所,你也許馬上就把WC脫口而出。WC,是water closet(水箱)的縮寫,但wc是一種很粗俗的表達(dá)方式(相當(dāng)于中國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村常在廁所中標(biāo)“大便處”“小便處”,是英美等國(guó)一二百年前使用的,現(xiàn)在一般不用WC,而使用Toilet等較文雅的詞。在美國(guó),通常會(huì)成為Restroom 或者 Bathroom,有些地方也用 Washroom。
    3)mouth n. 嘴巴 現(xiàn)在說說人體的五官,從上到下,分別是,眉毛(eyebrows),眼睛(eyes),鼻子(nose),耳朵(ears),嘴巴(mouth)這五部分。同時(shí),我們?cè)賮韺W(xué)一個(gè)俚語(yǔ),big mouth 大嘴巴(說話管不緊,容易泄漏秘密)如:他說話嘴松。He has a big mouth.
    (二)語(yǔ)法講解
    過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。其形式為was /were + V-ing。常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如:last night, last Saturday等;或者與when, while, as引導(dǎo)的過去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。
    1. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞was/were + 現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成   例如: We were having supper when the phone rang. 我們正在吃晚飯時(shí)電話響了。
    2. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定式由“was/were not +現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。   例如: This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV. He was repairing his bike. 昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候,杰克不是在看電視,而是在修理自行車。
    3. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的疑問式由“was/were + 主語(yǔ)+ 現(xiàn)在分詞?”構(gòu)成。   例如: Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午四點(diǎn)你們?cè)诖蚧@球嗎?
    (三)感受英語(yǔ)
    讓我們來感受一下英語(yǔ)中的一語(yǔ)雙關(guān)。
    通過學(xué)習(xí),我們知道這篇小文章講述的是,一對(duì)夫婦的小兒子誤食硬幣的家庭小事故。故事的結(jié)尾時(shí)丈夫打來電話問妻子,兒子怎樣了?妻子回答是他今天去了三次廁所,但我現(xiàn)在還沒有看到change。
    change n.零錢,改變。在這里,我們既可以理解為零錢(被吞食的硬幣)也可以理解為“改變”(起色)。所以change一詞,在文章中,是一語(yǔ)雙關(guān)呢。
    Lesson119
      【課文】
    Do you like stories? I want to tell you a true story. It happened to a friend of mine a year ago.
    While my friend, George, was reading in bed, two thieves climbed into his kitchen.
    After they had entered the house, they went into the dining room. It was very dark, so they turned on a torch.
    Suddenly, they heard a voice behind them. "What's up? What's up?" someone called. The thieves dropped the torch and ran away as quickly as they could.
    George heard the noise and came downstairs quickly.
    He turned on the light, but he couldn't see anyone. The thieves had already gone.
    But George's parrot, Henry, was still there. "What's up, George?" he called. 'Nothing, Henry,' George said and smiled. 'Go back to sleep.'
    【課文翻譯】
    你喜歡聽故事嗎?我要告訴你一個(gè)真實(shí)的故事。這是一年前發(fā)生在我的一個(gè)朋友身上的故事。
    當(dāng)我的朋友喬治在床上看書時(shí),兩個(gè)小偷爬進(jìn)了他的廚房。
    他們進(jìn)到屋里后,走進(jìn)了飯廳。飯廳很暗,于是他們打開了手電筒。
    突然他們聽到身后有聲音?!笆裁词?什么事?”有人叫著。小偷扔下了手電筒,飛快地逃走了。
    喬治聽到了響聲,迅速地下了樓。
    他開了燈,但不見一個(gè)人。小偷逃走了。
    當(dāng)時(shí)喬治的鸚鵡亨利仍在那里。“什么事,喬治?”它叫著?!皼]事,亨利。”喬治笑著說,“接著睡覺吧。”
    【生詞】
    story n. 故事
    happen v. 發(fā)生
    thief n. 賊
    enter v. 進(jìn)入
    dark adj. 黑暗的
    torch n. 手電筒
    voice n. (說話的)聲音
    parrot n. 鸚鵡
      【知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解】
    (一)單詞擴(kuò)展
    1. happen to 發(fā)生 What happened to you? 你怎么了?(發(fā)生什么事了?)it happens/happened to +sb 這件事發(fā)生在...身上
    2. enter v. 進(jìn)入= come in 留意一下你鍵盤上的回車鍵。 entrance n. 入口 exist n. 出口
    3. dark adj.黑暗的 反義詞 bright 明亮的
    【諺語(yǔ)】the darkest hour is just before the dawn 黎明前的黑暗/黎明前黑暗
    4. thief n. 賊 復(fù)數(shù)(thieves)
    復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則:以-f或-ef結(jié)尾的名詞,變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),把-f或-fe變成-v,再加es。如小刀knife,thief等
    5. voice n. 聲音 對(duì)比noise n. 噪音
    6. torch n. 手電筒 torch除了手電筒的意思外,也有“火把,火炬”的意思,如奧運(yùn)火炬 Olympic Torch.
    【諺語(yǔ)】carry a torch for +sb 單戀,單相思... 如: 我正單戀著那個(gè)美麗的女孩。I am carrying a torch for that pretty girl.
    (二)語(yǔ)法講解(常用短語(yǔ))
    1. 電器的使用:
    turn on 打開 turn on the TV/light/torch
    turn off 關(guān)掉 turn off the TV/light/torch
    turn up 開大聲 turn up the radio/TV/MP4
    turn down 調(diào)小聲 turn down the radio/TV/MP4
    2. 詢問用語(yǔ)
    “發(fā)生什么事了?/怎么了?” 可以有以下幾種表達(dá):
    What's up?
    What happened to you?
    What's wrong with you?
    What's the matter?
    回答:Nothing./ Everything goes well. 一切正常。(或者是根據(jù)自身情況來回答)