英語(yǔ)閱讀在四六級(jí)考試的重要性不言而喻，為了幫同學(xué)們更好的提高閱讀水平，幫助大家備考，四六級(jí)頻道為大家整理了《2018年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)題：Caught in the Web》一文，希望對(duì)大家備考有所幫助，并預(yù)祝同學(xué)們高分通過(guò)考試。
2018年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀200篇匯總
Caught in the Web
A few months ago, it wasn't unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15 hours per day online. She'd wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programs-leaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem.
"I was starting to feel like my whole world was falling apart-kind of slipping into a depression," said Carla. "I knew that if I didn't get off the dating sites, I'd just keep going," detaching (使脫離) herself further from the outside world.
Toebe's conclusion: She felt like she was "addicted" to the Internet. She's not alone.
Concern about excessive Internet use isn't new. As far back as 1995, articles in medical journals and the establishment of a Pennsylvania treatment center for overusers generated interest in the subject. There's still no consensus on how much time online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possible.
But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting more serious attention. Last month, a study published in CNS Spectrums claims to be the first large-scale look at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web.
"There's no question that there're people who're seriously in trouble because they're overdoing their Internet involvement. " said psychiatrist (精神科醫(yī)生) Ivan Goldberg. Goldberg calls the problem a disorder rather than a true addition.
Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales specializing in online communities, is more skeptical. "The Internet is an environment," he said. "You can't be addicted to the environment." Bishop describes the problem as simply a matter of priorities, which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans in place of time spent online.
The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephone survey of more than 2,500 adults. Like the 2005 survey, this one was conducted by Stanford University researchers. About 6% of respondents reported that "their relationships suffered because of excessive Internet use." About 9% attempted to conceal "nonessential Internet use," and nearly 4% reported feeling "preoccupied by the Internet when offline."
About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost 14% reported they "found it hard to stay away from the Internet for several days at a time."
"The Internet problem is still in its infancy," said Elias Aboutjaoude, a Stanford professor. No single online activity is to blame for excessive use, he said. "They're online in chat rooms, checking e-mail, or writing blogs. [The problem is] not limited to porn (色 情) or gambling" websites.
Excessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent online but "in terms of losses," said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor. "If it's a loss [where] you're not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then it's too much."
Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U. S. to treat heavy Internet users. They include the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery and the Center for Internet Behavior.
The websites for Orzack's center lists the following among the psychological symptoms of computer addictions:
● Having a sense of well-being (幸福) or excitement while at the computer.
● Longing for more and more time at the computer.
● Neglect of family and friends.
● Feeling empty, depressed or irritable when not at the computer.
● Lying to employers and family about activities.
● Inability to stop the activity.
● Problems with school or job.
Physical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches, skipping meals, poor personal hygiene (衛(wèi)生) and sleep disturbances.
People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she discusses Internet habits with her patients, they often report that being online offers a "sense of belonging, and escape, excitement [and] fun," she said. "Some people say relief…because they find themselves so relaxed."
Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet gamers spend countless hours competing in games against people from all over the world. One such game, called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters complaining of a "gaming addiction."
Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays World of Warcraft for about two to four hours every other night, but that's nothing compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he was in college. He cut back only after a full-scale family intervention (干預(yù)), in which relatives told him he'd gained weight.
"There's this whole culture of competition that sucks people in" with online gaming, said Heidrich, now a father of two. "People do it at the expense of everything that was a constant in their lives." Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming addiction regularly "to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check."
Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line: "I have an Internet Addiction."
"I'm self-employed and need the Internet for my work, but I'm failing to accomplish my work,to take care of my home, to give attention to my children," she wrote in a message sent to the group."I have no money or insurance to get professional help; I can't even pay my mortgage (抵押貸款) and face losing everything."
Since then, Toebe said, she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her Internet use. "I have a boyfriend now, and I'm not interested in online dating," she said by phone last week. "It's a lot better now."
注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。
46. In one of the messages she posted on a website, Toebe admitted that she had an Internet addition.
47. Excessive Internet use had rendered Toebe so poor that she couldn't afford to seek professional help.
48. Jonathan Bishop believes that the Internet overuse problem can be solved if people can realize what is important in life.
49. According to Professor Maressa Orzack, Internet use would be considered excessive if it seriously affected family relationships.
50. According to Orzack, people who struggle with heavy reliance on the Internet may feel puzzled.
51. Andrew Heidrich cut back online gaming because his family had intervened.
52. Andrew Heidrich now visits websites that discuss online gaming addiction to curb his desire for online gaming.
53. Now that she's got a boyfriend, Toebe is no longer crazy about online dating.
54. Her daughter's repeated complaints made Carla Toebe realize she was spending too much time on the Internet.
55. People haven't yet reached agreement on excessive Internet use.
參考答案：
46. H)由埋干定位到H段，其提到當(dāng)特貝首次意識(shí)到她有問(wèn)題時(shí)，她在雅虎上網(wǎng)成癮群里發(fā)了一個(gè)帖子，名為“I have an Internet Addiction”《我有網(wǎng)絡(luò)成痛問(wèn)題》,與題干相符?因此選H。
47. I)由埋干定位到文章I段,其提到特貝是一個(gè)自由職業(yè)工作者，由于過(guò)度上網(wǎng)，她不能完成'自己的工作，以至于沒(méi)有錢或保險(xiǎn)來(lái)獲得專業(yè)幫助，與題干相符，因此選K
48. C)根據(jù)題干信息詞Jonathan Bishop和solved將答案定位到C段。該段提到，通過(guò)鼓勵(lì)人們優(yōu)先考慮其他生活目標(biāo)和計(jì)劃而不是上網(wǎng)沖浪，這個(gè)問(wèn)題是可以得到解決的，與題干相符，因此選C.
49. E)由埋干知文中相關(guān)部分在E段,其中馬里薩?奧薩克教授提到，過(guò)度上網(wǎng)不應(yīng)該根據(jù)上網(wǎng)的時(shí)間來(lái)界定，而要根據(jù)它所造成的損失來(lái)定義。如果上網(wǎng)導(dǎo)致的損失是你不再上班、家庭關(guān)系破裂，那么你就上網(wǎng)過(guò)度了，與題干相符，因此選E?！?BR> 50. F)題干中的people who struggle with 定位到文中People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed orhave other mood disorders, Orzack said.與題干相符，因此選F。
51. G)根據(jù)題干信息詞Andrew Heidrich將答案定位到G段。Gg中提到，Andrew Heidrich上大學(xué)時(shí),每周花在《魔獸世界》上的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)年40到60 時(shí)，直到他的家人對(duì)其進(jìn)療全面干預(yù)后,他才減玩《魔螯世界》4時(shí)間，與題干相符，因此選G: ?
52 H)球由題干亨,位到文中H段，其提到，現(xiàn)在Heidrich命(定期訪問(wèn)—些討論游踔成癮的網(wǎng)站以提醒自己控制對(duì)網(wǎng)游的喜愛(ài)”,與題干相符，因此選H,
53. I)由題干定輯到1段，其提到特貝表示“我現(xiàn)在有男朋友彳對(duì)在線交友沒(méi)有仗名興趣了”,與題干相符，因此選I.
54. A),湊段提到，卡拉?特貝每天要花15個(gè)小時(shí)上網(wǎng),不太管家里的事情。直到她女兒不斷地向她抱怨，她才意識(shí)到自己有何題,與題干相符，因此選A。
55. B) People haven’t yet reachedagreement on its definition.是對(duì)B 段的，其中，People haven't yet reached agreement on 對(duì)應(yīng)There’s still no consensuson, its definition 則是對(duì)how muchtime online constitutes too much(多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的上網(wǎng)算是過(guò)量)的概括，與題干相符，因此選B.
2018年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀200篇匯總