無論是寫婚禮致詞還是技術(shù)報(bào)告，選擇合適的詞都是溝通的重要組成部分。要選擇適合主題能夠把信息傳達(dá)給聽眾的詞和最能表達(dá)自己想法的詞語。以下內(nèi)容由整理發(fā)布，歡迎閱讀參考！更多相關(guān)訊息請(qǐng)關(guān)注！
1. Choose everyday words
選擇日常單詞
It is true that English has a vast and varied vocabulary. However, we mostly communicate using only a fraction of those words. A mere 3,000 are enough to make up 75 percent of all communication. They are all standard, everyday words such as tall, eat, forget, and good. Those are the words that people are most used to. So, if you use them rather than more flowery words, your writing will be easier for people to read and process.
確實(shí)，英語有豐富多樣的詞匯。 但是，我們大多只使用這些詞的一小部分進(jìn)行交流。僅僅3000詞足以構(gòu)成日常生活中75％的交流。他們都是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，日常的用語，如高、吃、忘、好。 這些是人們最常用的詞。 所以，如果你使用它們而不是更花哨的文字，你的寫作會(huì)更容易閱讀和處理。
2 Avoid clichés and buzzwords
避免陳詞濫調(diào)和流行詞
Clichés are phrases and words which are used so often and so vaguely that they lose their original impact. For example, ‘a(chǎn)t the end of the day’, ‘mass exodus’, ‘in any way, shape, or form’.Buzzwords are words or phrases, often items of jargon, that are fashionable in certain contexts, and as a result tend to be overused and sound meaningless. For example, what does ‘a(chǎn) holistic approach’ really mean?
陳詞濫調(diào)是那些經(jīng)常被使用的詞匯和短語，以至于他們失去了原有的影響。例如，‘a(chǎn)t the end of the day’, ‘mass exodus’, ‘in any way, shape, or form’。流行語是在某些語境下流行的短語或者術(shù)語，這些詞往往被過度使用，聽起來毫無意義。例如，‘a(chǎn) holistic approach’到底是什么意思呢？
Clichés and buzzwords can irritate readers and either distract them from your message or make them question its validity.
陳詞濫調(diào)或者流行語會(huì)激怒讀者或者讓他們誤會(huì)你的意思，或者讓他們質(zhì)疑你所傳達(dá)的信息的有效性。
3 Choose appropriate formal, neutral, and words
選擇合適的，中性的，正式的詞匯
English is very rich in synonyms. But very often synonyms do not mean exactly the same thing. They are used in distinct styles of writing; some are more formal; some are slangy.
英語中有許多同義詞。但是，同義詞并不是指完全相同的詞。它們被用于不同的寫作風(fēng)格，一些比較正式，一些則偏俚語使用。
For example, dozens of words express the idea ‘to steal’, but they are all different. Just to examine three of them: purloin is definitely formal, while steal is ‘neutral’, that is to say it is neither formal nor informal. But nick is definitely informal: you would be surprised to find it in a newspaper report of a crime!
例如，許多詞表達(dá)‘偷’的含義，但是它們都不一樣。我們來看一下其中的三個(gè)詞：purloin表達(dá)的含義是絕對(duì)正式的，steal表達(dá)的含義則偏中性，也就是說它可以是表達(dá)正式的含義也可以表達(dá)非正式的含義。但是nick這個(gè)詞表達(dá)的含義就是非正式的：如果在報(bào)紙中的犯罪報(bào)告中發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)詞，你會(huì)很驚訝！
In straightforward informative writing, it is helpful to use only neutral words.
在簡(jiǎn)單的寫作中，只使用中性詞是很狀態(tài)有幫助的。
4 There are many Englishes
多種形式的英語
English is a world language with several national varieties, such as Canadian English and Australian English. The two varieties which are most often contrasted are American and British. Apart from the well-known differences in spelling between them, for instance color / colour, center / centre, there are also differences in the use of words, some of which are not obvious.
英語是一個(gè)具有多種民族語言的世界語言，如加拿大英語和澳大利亞英語。最常對(duì)比的英語就是英式英語和美式英語。除卻在拼寫方面我們都知道的差異，如color / colour和center / centre，還有一些不明顯的差異，即單詞的使用也有一些差異。
To make sure that a particular meaning applies outside your own variety of English, it is advisable to check in a dictionary. Also, make sure your spellchecker is set to your variety of English.
為確保某一特定意思在本族英語之外仍然適用，先查一下詞典。同時(shí)，要確保拼寫檢查器適應(yīng)于各種英語。
5 Use inclusive vocabulary
使用包容性詞匯
It is important to respect groups in society such as people with disabilities, older people, ethnic minorities, and so forth. One way of doing this is to choose appropriate, non-stereotyping words. In particular, the words you use should be gender-inclusive and not suggest a masculine bias. There are several ways of doing this. For example, when referring to professions it is nowadays standard to avoid words that refer only to one sex, such as actress (use actor) or policeman (use police officer).
尊重殘疾人，老年人，少數(shù)民族等社會(huì)群體是很重要的。可以選擇適當(dāng)?shù)?，不刻板的詞語來達(dá)到這樣做的目的。 特別是，你使用的詞語應(yīng)該是包容性的，而不僅代表了男性的偏見。 有幾種方法可以做到這一點(diǎn)。 例如，當(dāng)談及職業(yè)時(shí)，避免使用僅涉及一種性別的詞語，例如actress（使用actor）或policeman（使用police officer）。
6 Enrich your vocabulary
豐富詞匯量
By widening your vocabulary you will have more words to choose from, which means you are more likely to know a word that most precisely conveys your message. Reading is an excellent way to learn new words. However, before you use them, be sure to check the meanings of any words that are new to you in a dictionary!
擴(kuò)大詞匯量，你會(huì)有更多的詞匯可供選擇，這意味著你可能會(huì)找到一個(gè)最精確傳達(dá)信息的單詞。閱讀是一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)新單詞的好辦法。然而，在使用新單詞之前，一定要查詞典確認(rèn)新單詞的含義。