2019考研英語長難句翻譯必備【五篇】

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英漢兩種語言,由于表達(dá)方式不盡相同,在具體英譯漢時(shí),有時(shí)往往需要轉(zhuǎn)換一下句子成分,才能使譯文達(dá)到邏輯正確、通順流暢、重點(diǎn)突出等目的。以下是為大家整理的《2019考研英語長難句翻譯必備【五篇】》供您查閱。
    
    【篇一:句子成份的轉(zhuǎn)譯】
    一、主語轉(zhuǎn)譯技巧:可以將句子的主語轉(zhuǎn)譯成漢語中的定語、賓語、狀語等。
    The wings are responsible for keeping the plane in the air.
    機(jī)翼的用途是使飛機(jī)在空中保持不墜。(轉(zhuǎn)譯成定語)
    To get all the stages off the ground, a first big push is needed.
    為了使火箭各級(jí)全部離開地面,需要有一個(gè)巨大的第一次推力。(轉(zhuǎn)譯成賓語)
    Machinery has made the products of manufactories very much cheaper than formerly.
    因?yàn)闄C(jī)械的緣故,工廠里出的產(chǎn)品比起以前來,價(jià)格便宜多了。(轉(zhuǎn)譯成狀語)
    二、謂語轉(zhuǎn)譯技巧:可以將謂語轉(zhuǎn)譯成定語。
    Radar works in very much the same way as the flashlight .雷達(dá)的工作原理和手電筒極為相同。
    三、賓語轉(zhuǎn)譯技巧:可以將賓語轉(zhuǎn)譯成主語。
    Automatic lathes perform basically similar functions but appear in a variety of forms.
    各種自動(dòng)車床的作用基本相同,但形式不同
    四、定語轉(zhuǎn)譯技巧:定語可以轉(zhuǎn)譯成謂語和狀語。
    Neutron has a mass slightly larger than that of proton.
    中子的質(zhì)量略大于質(zhì)子的質(zhì)量。(轉(zhuǎn)譯成謂語)
    Scientists in that county are now supplied with necessary books, equipment and assistant, that will ensure success in their scientific research.
    現(xiàn)在已給該縣科學(xué)家提供了必要的圖書、儀器和助手,以保證科研工作的成功。(轉(zhuǎn)譯成狀語)
    五、狀語轉(zhuǎn)譯技巧:狀語轉(zhuǎn)譯一般指的是狀語從句的轉(zhuǎn)譯。
    它可分作把時(shí)間狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)譯成條件狀語從句,把地點(diǎn)狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)譯成條件狀語從句和把原因狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)譯成因果偏正復(fù)句中的主語等三種形式。
    These three colors, red, green, and violet, when combined, produced white.
    紅色、綠色和紫色這三種顏色如果合在一起就變成白色。(時(shí)間狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)譯成條件狀語從句)
    Where there is nothing in the path of beam of light, nothing is seen.
    如果光束通道上沒有東西,就什么也看不到。(地點(diǎn)狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)譯成條件狀語從句)
    Because he was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he stuck to his opinion.
    他深信這件事正確可靠,因此堅(jiān)持已見。(原因狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)譯成因果偏正復(fù)合句中的主句)
    【篇二:顛倒順序】
    一、復(fù)合句翻譯技巧
    復(fù)合句翻譯可分為部分翻譯和完全翻譯兩種技巧。
    This university has newly established faculties, namely Electronic Computer, High Energy Physics, Laser, Geo-physics, Remote Sensing, and Genetic Engineering.
    這所大學(xué)現(xiàn)在有電子計(jì)算機(jī)、高能物理、激光、地球、物理、遙感技術(shù)、遺傳工程等六個(gè)新建的專業(yè)。(部分翻譯)
    Many laws of nature actually exist in nature though they have not yet been discovered.
    雖然許多自然規(guī)律還沒被發(fā)現(xiàn),但是它們確實(shí)在自然界中存在。(完全翻譯)
    二、被動(dòng)句翻譯的技巧
    被動(dòng)句翻譯時(shí),有時(shí)可將被動(dòng)句翻譯成主動(dòng)句,有時(shí)可將狀語翻譯成主語。
    The structure of an atom can be accurately described though we cannot see it.
    雖然我們看不見原子結(jié)構(gòu),但能準(zhǔn)確地描述它。(被動(dòng)句翻譯成主動(dòng)句)
    Table tennis is played all over China .
    中國到處都打乒乓球。(狀語翻譯成主語)
    三、以否定型副詞或條件副詞開頭的句子的部分翻譯技巧
    能引起這種翻譯的副詞有no, never, hardly, no longer, in no way, not until, not even, only 等。
    Never before have I read such an interesting book .
    我從來沒有讀過這樣有趣的書。
    四、帶有介詞短語句子的部分翻譯技巧
    These data will be of some value in our research work.
    這些資料對(duì)于我們的研究工作有些價(jià)值。
    五、習(xí)語的翻譯技巧
    習(xí)語的翻譯可分為按照漢語的固定順序翻譯和從輕重上加以區(qū)分進(jìn)行翻譯以及逆時(shí)間順序進(jìn)行翻譯三種技巧。
    For its last 600 miles the Yellow River flows eastwards through the flat, fertile, North China Plain, which is densely populated.
    黃河最后的六百英里,向東流過平坦肥沃、人口密集的華北平原。(按照漢語的固定順序翻譯)
    Heal the wounded, rescue the dying, practice revolutionary humanitarianism.
    救死扶傷,實(shí)行革命的人道主義。(以輕重上區(qū)分進(jìn)行翻譯)
    We have to be quick of eye and deft of hand .
    我們必須眼疾手快。(逆時(shí)間順序翻譯)
    【篇三:正反、反正漢譯】
    1、肯定譯否定
    The above facts insist on the following conclusions.上述事實(shí)使人們不能不得出以下結(jié)論。
    2、否定譯肯定
    She won’t go away until you promise to help her.她要等你答應(yīng)幫助以后才肯走。
    3、雙否定譯肯定
    There can be no sunshine without shadow. 有陽光就有陰影。
    但是,如果翻譯時(shí)保留英語原來的“否定之否定”的形式并不影響中文的流暢時(shí),則應(yīng)保留的目的還可突出原文中婉轉(zhuǎn)的語氣。如He is not unequal to the duty.他并非不稱職。
    4、正反移位
    I don’t think he will come.我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)來了。
    5、譯為部分否定
    Not all minerals come from mines.并非所有礦物都來自礦山。
    Both of the substances do not dissolve in water.不是兩種物質(zhì)都溶于水。
    【篇四:分句、合句漢譯】
    1、主語分句漢譯技巧。
    A man spending twelve days on the moon would find, on returning to the earth, that a year had passed by already.
    一個(gè)人如果在月亮上度過了十二天,回到地球以后就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)一年已經(jīng)過去了。
    2、謂語分句漢譯技巧。
    It goes without saying that oxygen is the most active element in the atmosphere.
    不言而喻,氧氣是大氣中最活潑的元素。
    3、定語分句漢譯技巧
    He managed to raise a crop of 200 miracle tomatoes that weighed up to two pounds each.
    他居然種出了二百個(gè)奇跡般的西紅柿,每個(gè)重達(dá)兩磅。
    4、狀語分句漢譯技巧
    Sunrays filtered in wherever they could, driving out darkness and choking the shadows.
    陽光射入了它所能透過的地方,趕走了黑暗,驅(qū)散了幽影。
    5、同位語分句漢譯技巧。
    Mary normally a timid girl, argued heated with them about it.
    瑪麗平常是個(gè)靦腆的姑娘,現(xiàn)在也熱烈地和他們辯論起來。
    【篇五:漢譯的重復(fù)】
    1、為了明確
    I had experienced oxygen and /or engine trouble.
    我曾碰到過,不是氧氣設(shè)備了故障,就是引擎出故障,或兩者都出故障(重復(fù)名詞)
    Under ordinary conditions of pressure, water becomes ice at C and steam at 100C.
    在常壓下,水在攝氏零度時(shí)變成冰,在攝氏一百度時(shí)變成蒸汽。(重復(fù)動(dòng)詞)
    A locality has its own over-all interest, a nation has another and the earth gets another.
    一個(gè)地方有一個(gè)地方的全局,一個(gè)國家有一個(gè)國家的全局,一個(gè)地球有一個(gè)地球的全局(重復(fù)謂語部分)
    2、為了強(qiáng)調(diào)
    He wandered along the street, thinking and thinking, brooding and brooding.
    他在街頭游來蕩去,想了又想,盤算了又盤算。
    3、為了生動(dòng)
    While stars and nebulae look like specks or small patches of light, they are really enormous bodies.
    星星和星云看起來只是斑點(diǎn),或者是小片的光,但它們確實(shí)是巨大的天體。