2020考研英語長難句解析:并列句和同位語從句

字號:

天再高又怎樣,踮起腳尖就更接近陽光??佳锌扉_始了,堅持下去,你是最棒的!以下為2020考研英語長難句解析,今天你復習了嗎?
    
    第一部分:并列句
    一、理論常識
    由并列連詞連接、含有兩個或更多主謂結(jié)構(gòu)的句子叫并列句。
    表示轉(zhuǎn)折對比關系的并列連詞
    1. but
    2. yet 但是;盡管如此
    3. while 而,但是,可是,卻
    表示因果關系的并列連詞
    1. for 因為
    2. so 因此
    表示選擇關系的連詞:or
    表示并列關系的并列連詞
    1. and 和,同,與,又,并且
    2. not only ... but also ... 不僅……而且
    3. neither ... nor ... 既不……也不
    4. both ... and ... 既……又
    其他并列連詞
    1. not ... but ... 不是……而是
    2. rather than 而不是;與其……寧愿
    3. when 正當那時,相當于and at that time
    二、試題舉例
    例句1:
    In the American economy , the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights , including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual .
    【重點詞匯解析】embrace,v. 擁抱、包含 n. 擁抱;productive,adj. 生產(chǎn)(性)的;contract,n. 合同 v. 訂約
    【參考翻譯】在美國經(jīng)濟中,私有財產(chǎn)的概念不僅包含對生產(chǎn)資源的所有權(quán),也指其他一些特定的權(quán)利,如確定一個產(chǎn)品價格和與另一個私人個體自由簽定合同的權(quán)利。
    例句2:
    In addition , the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation .
    【重點詞匯解析】estimate,vi. 估計、估價 vt. 估計、評價 n. 估計、判斷;patent,n. 專利權(quán) vt. 授予專利
    【參考翻譯】另外,有的公司用來鑒定關系的計算機程序或許已經(jīng)申請了專利保護,并不接受同行評審或外界的評估。
    第二部分:同位語從句
    一、理論常識
    同位語從句是對其前面的抽象名詞進行解釋說明,被解釋說明的詞和同位語在邏輯上是主表關系。同位語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)一定是先行詞加引導詞加上從句的構(gòu)成,that并不是可以引導同位語從句的引導詞,whether , why , who . 從句一定要具有完整的句子結(jié)構(gòu),主謂賓都必須齊全,引導詞不充當任何成分。
    常見先行詞:
    belief , fact , hope , idea , doubt , news , rumor , conclusion , evidence ,suggestion , problem , order , answer , decision , discovery , explanation , information , knowledge , law , opinion , truth , promise , report , thought , statement , rule , possibility .
    二、試題舉例
    例句1:
    Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them . (2010,46)
    【重點詞匯解析】distinctly,adv. 明顯地;eat up 吃光、耗盡
    【參考翻譯】科學家急忙用一些明顯站不住腳的證據(jù)去營救,證據(jù)內(nèi)容是如果鳥類不能控制昆蟲的話,他們會把我們吃光。
    例句2:
    But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the media . (2007,48)
    【重點詞匯解析】profoundly,adv. 深刻地;rest on 依靠、信賴
    【參考翻譯】但是新聞記者必須比普通公民更深刻的理解法律,這種觀點基/依賴于新聞媒體對慣例和特殊責任的理解。
    例句3:
    Generally there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states , large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a common set of laws .
    【重點詞匯解析】sovereign,n. 君主、獨立國 adj. 有主權(quán)的;viable,adj. 可行的;integrate,v. (使……)成整體 adj. 整合的
    【參考翻譯】他們普遍認為新生的國家是擁有主權(quán)和完全獨立的國家,大到經(jīng)濟上可運行良好,并由一套共同法律讓各個新的獨立國家聯(lián)合起來。