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【篇一】2020年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)
英語(yǔ)六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)：不定冠詞
冠詞是虛詞，本身不能單獨(dú)使用，也沒(méi)有詞義，它用在名詞的前面，幫助指明名詞的含義。
冠詞是虛詞，本身不能單獨(dú)使用，也沒(méi)有詞義，它用在名詞的前面，幫助指明名詞的含義。英語(yǔ)中的冠詞有三種，一種是定冠詞(the Definite Article)，另一種是不定冠詞(the Indefinite Article)，還有一種是零冠詞(Zero Article)。
不定冠詞a (an)與數(shù)詞one 同源，是"一個(gè)"的意思。a用于輔音音素前，一般讀作[e]，而an則用于元音音素前，一般讀做[en]。
1) 表示"一個(gè)"，意為one;指某人或某物，意為a certain。
A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.
2) 代表一類(lèi)人或物。
A knife is a tool for cutting with.
Mr. Smith is an engineer.
3) 詞組或成語(yǔ)。
a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden
【篇二】2020年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)
英語(yǔ)六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
1)動(dòng)詞不定式——只能接不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：
decide, hope, learn, manage(打算), offer, prepare, agree, refuse, fail(未), pretend, happen(碰巧), promise, plan(打算，計(jì)劃)
a) 測(cè)試作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不定式帶補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)
這種結(jié)構(gòu)的常用動(dòng)詞有：find、think、consider、make等，基本句型是： v. + it + adj + to do
[例]Do you consider wise to ignore him
A. it is
B. it to be
C. it as being
D. it
b) 不定式在svoc句型中的應(yīng)用
解題的關(guān)鍵是記住帶不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞，如：ask、tell、allow、enable、expect、get、require、request、cause、urge、want、force、order等。
[例]They don’t allow in the library, but they allow people in the restroom.
A. to smoketo smoke B. smokingsmoking C. to smokesmoking D. smokingto smoke
c) 不定式作定語(yǔ)的用法
(1)與其他非謂語(yǔ)形式或謂語(yǔ)形式的區(qū)別
[例]The question tomorrow is whether income tax should be increased.
A. to be debated
B. debates
C. debating
D. debated
(2)介詞的使用
[例]The boy’s father bought him a large toy train .
A. which to play with B. to play with it C. to play with D. at which to play
d) 不定式的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)
不定式完成時(shí)表示不定式動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，不定式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是其動(dòng)作的承受者，be soory、be glad、seem或say、find、hear、report等動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后加不定式完成時(shí)態(tài)較為常見(jiàn)。
[例1]The new power station is reported within three years.
A. to have completed
B. to have been completed
C. having been completed
D. to complete
[例2]Mr. Johnson preferred heavier work to do.
A. to be given
B. to be giving C. to have given
D. having given
e) 不定式作狀語(yǔ)
[例1]The police inspector spoke to the little girl kindlt her.
A. not to frighten
B. in order to not frighten
C. so as not to frighten
D. so not as to frighten
[例2]He moved away from his parents, and missed them_____ enjoy the exciting life in New York. A. too much to
B. enough to C. very much to
D. much so as to
2)動(dòng)名詞
a) 只能接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：
miss, mind, enjoy, suggest, practise, persist, quit, admit, appreciate, deny, escape, complete, fulfil, acknowledge, favour, delay, postpone, finish, avoid, prevent, recall, recollect, risk, consider
b) 只能接動(dòng)名詞的一些常用句型\結(jié)構(gòu)： It’s no good/use/fun (in) doing sth
There is no need/point/use/sense (in) doing sth. be busy/be worth doing sth.
have difficulty/trouble/problem (in) doing sth
spend/waste time (in) doing sth can’t help doing sth
confess to, object to, be opposed to, look forward to, contribute to, be used to, be devoted to, be dedicated to, lead to, refer to, equal to, stick to, belong to, thanks to, be accustomed to doing sth
c) 既可接動(dòng)名詞又可接動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)的有：
① 接動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)而意義差別不大的動(dòng)詞：love, like, dislike, hate, begin, start, continue, intend, prefer, propose, etc.
② 可跟動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)但意義有差別的動(dòng)詞：歧義動(dòng)詞中已講。
③ need, want, require, deserve + 動(dòng)名詞/+不定式被動(dòng)態(tài)，表被動(dòng)意義。
The pencil needs sharpening.(to be sharpened)
[例1]Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy for her examination.
A. to prepare
B. preparing
C. to be prepared
D. being prepared
[例2]I appreciate to your home.
A. to be invited
B. to have invited
C. having invited
D. being invited
【篇三】2020年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)
英語(yǔ)六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)：定冠詞
定冠詞the與指示代詞this，that同源，有"那(這)個(gè)"的意思，但較弱，可以和一個(gè)名詞連用，來(lái)表示某個(gè)或某些特定的人或東西。
1)特指雙方都明白的人或物：
Take the medicine.把藥吃了。
2)上文提到過(guò)的人或事：
He bought a house.I‘ve been to the house.
他買(mǎi)了幢房子。我去過(guò)那幢房子。
3)指世上獨(dú)一物二的事物：
the sun， the sky， the moon， the earth
4)單數(shù)名詞連用表示一類(lèi)事物，如：the dollar 美元;
the fox 狐貍;或與形容詞或分詞連用，表示一類(lèi)人：the rich 富人; the living 生者。
5)用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞級(jí)，及形容詞only， very， same等前面：
Where do you live?I live on the second floor. 你住在哪?我住在二層。
That‘s the very thing I‘ve been looking for. 那正是我要找的東西。
6)與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用，指整個(gè)群體：
They are the teachers of this school.指全體教師)
They are teachers of this school. (指部分教師)
7)表示所有，相當(dāng)于物主代詞，用在表示身體部位的名詞前：
She caught me by the arm..她抓住了我的手臂。
8)用在某些由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國(guó)家名稱(chēng)、機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體、階級(jí)、等專(zhuān)有名詞前：
the People‘s Republic of China 中華人民共和國(guó)
the United States 美國(guó)
9)用在表示樂(lè)器的名詞之前： She plays the piano.她會(huì)彈鋼琴。
10) 用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前，表示一家人：
the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫婦)
11) 用在慣用語(yǔ)中：
in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening),the day after tomorrowthe day before yesterday,the next morning,in the sky (water，field，country)in the dark,in the rain,in the distance,in the middle (of),in the end,on the whole,by the way,go to the theatre。