在學(xué)習(xí)新知識(shí)的同時(shí)還要復(fù)習(xí)以前的舊知識(shí)，肯定會(huì)累，所以要注意勞逸結(jié)合。只有充沛的精力才能迎接新的挑戰(zhàn)，才會(huì)有事半功倍的學(xué)習(xí)。高二頻道為你整理了《高二年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理》希望對(duì)你的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助！
1.高二年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理
定語(yǔ)從句
關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
1、that指人或物在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)
which指物在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)(作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略)
who指人在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)
whom指人在從句中作賓語(yǔ)
whose指人或物在從句中作定語(yǔ)
as指人或物在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)
but指人或物在從句中作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)
注意：指物時(shí)，whose+名詞=the+名詞+of which或of which+the+名詞
2、as的用法
(1)常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as
注意：the same…as表示同一類(lèi)，不同一個(gè)
the same…that表示同一個(gè)
(2)as與which的區(qū)別
a、位置不同
as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中間;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起連接作用，表達(dá)說(shuō)話人的觀點(diǎn)、看法，并指出主句內(nèi)容的根據(jù)或出處，意為“正如，正像”。
Which相當(dāng)于并列句，可以用and this來(lái)代替，意為“這一點(diǎn)，這件事”。
注意：as常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,
as might be excepted, as is often the case,一般不能用which代替as。
c、在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，which既可作系動(dòng)詞be的主語(yǔ)也可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)，而as只可作系動(dòng)詞be的主語(yǔ)。
2.高二年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理
不定式做主語(yǔ)：
1、不定式做主語(yǔ)一般表示具體的某次動(dòng)作。===動(dòng)名詞doing表示習(xí)慣的，經(jīng)常的動(dòng)作。
e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult.
To do such things is foolish.
To see is to believe. (對(duì)等)
注:
1).不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)
2).當(dāng)主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)，謂語(yǔ)較短時(shí)，常用it做形式主語(yǔ)，而將不定式放到謂語(yǔ)的后面。
it做形式主語(yǔ)，不定式放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)中：
(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do…
(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do…
It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary
(3) it is +a +名詞+ to do...
It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to do
It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do…
It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…
注意: probable和possible均可作表語(yǔ)，但possible可以用不定式作真實(shí)主語(yǔ)，而probable不能用不定式作真實(shí)主語(yǔ)。
It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(錯(cuò))
It is possible for him to come to the meeting.
It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.
3.高二年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理
表語(yǔ)從句
1. 定義：用作表語(yǔ)的從句叫做表語(yǔ)從句。
2. 構(gòu)成：關(guān)聯(lián)詞+簡(jiǎn)單句
3. 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞的種類(lèi)：
(1) 從屬連詞that。如：
The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻煩是我把他的地址丟了。
(2) 從屬連詞whether, as, as if。如：
He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起來(lái)還與十年前一樣。
The question is whether they will be able to help us. 問(wèn)題是他們是否能幫我們。
注：從屬連詞if一般不用來(lái)引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，但as if卻可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，如：
All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday.
這都是20多年前的事了，但宛如昨天一樣。
能跟表語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般為系動(dòng)詞be, seem, look等。如：
It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起來(lái)天要下雨了。
(3)連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
連接副詞 where, when, how, why。
如：The problem is who we can get to replace her. 問(wèn)題是我們能找到誰(shuí)去替換她呢。
The question is how he did it. 問(wèn)題是他是如何做此事的。
4.高二年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理
1. Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, ... you may want to try hiking. Instead和instead of的用法
2. Say "Hi" / "Hello" / "Thanks" to sb. (for me)問(wèn)候的句型
3. Is anybody seeing you off?進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)
4. She struggled and struggled, and could not get on her feet. (= keep struggling)
5. You should not go rafting unless you know... unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于if... not
6. By staying at..., tourists can help the villagers make money so that they can take care of the fiver and the birds.目的狀語(yǔ)從句
7. She was so surprised that she couldn't move.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句
8. Tree after tree went down, cut down by water.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)
9. The next moment, the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)
10. However, before she could think twice, the water was upon her. It didn't take long before the building was destroyed. before的用法
5.高二年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理
表示工具或手段的介詞：by,with,on
1.by用某種方式，多用于交通。如by bus乘公共汽車(chē)，by e-mail.通過(guò)電子郵件。
注意：表示搭乘交通工具時(shí)，用by時(shí)不用冠詞，用in時(shí)要用冠詞。請(qǐng)比較：
I went there by bus/in a bus.我是坐公共汽車(chē)去的那兒。
2.with表示“用某種工具”。如：
He broke the window with a stone.他用石頭把玻璃砸壞了。
注意：with表示用某種工具時(shí)，必須用冠詞或物主代詞。
3.on表示“以……方式”，多用于固定詞組。
They talked on the telephone.他們通過(guò)電話進(jìn)行交談。
She learns English on the radio/on TV.她通過(guò)收音機(jī)/電視學(xué)英語(yǔ)。