情景交際部分
【考點分析】
學習日常交際用語的目的是表達自己的意向和理解他人所傳達的信息。初中英語課程標準在情景交際方面的要求是：1、能就國內(nèi)外普遍關(guān)心的問題如環(huán)保、人口、和平與發(fā)展等用英語交談，表明自己的態(tài)度和觀點;2、能把握交談時的分寸，會用客套語，會提出問題，會結(jié)束談話;3、能經(jīng)過準備就一些專題作5-10分鐘演講并回答有關(guān)提問;4、能用英語接受面試;5、能作一般性口頭翻譯;6、能在交際中恰當?shù)乇磉_自己的情感;7、能對交際中產(chǎn)生的誤會加以澄清或解釋。
近年來中考試題中，以書面的形式考查學生的情景會話能力的題目在逐年增多。其考點設置一般要體現(xiàn)出語言運用的得體性、語言思維的多向性何語言運用的綜合性。要么借助日常交際的特定語境對語言運用的影響，考查學生的語言綜合運用能力;要么憑借上下文的語境語義，考查學生的話題理解能力、邏輯推斷能力、單詞拼寫能力等。中考試題中常見有一下幾種形式：單項選擇題形式，句子的應答匹配形式，選擇適當?shù)木渥油瓿蓪υ?，根?jù)對話內(nèi)容填寫所缺的單詞，根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容填寫所缺的句子，安排對話的邏輯順序等。
【解題技巧】
例析1：從A-E五個選項中，選出能與下列各句正確匹配的答語。
1. Happy birthday to you.
2. Shall we have supper at six?
3. Can I go with you, too?
4. Could you look after her for me?
5. Goodbye!
A. Sure! You’re welcome.
B. See you later.
C. With pleasure!
D. Thank you .
E. No, let’s make it at half past six.
這是句子的應答匹配題目類型，把考點置于簡短的對話之中，僅僅創(chuàng)設了考點的考查與答題必須的的簡單情景，會話單句配對(近年來的中考題目中，常常多給備選項，就更有利于考查學生的真實交際能力)，考點設置也比較靈活，常是一組試題，考查學生對語言文化背景知識、習慣用語的掌握情況。這種題型一般分為兩欄，欄中分別給出一定數(shù)量的上、下句。要根據(jù)語境先把明顯的對應句找出來，然后逐個排隊，一一對應。(Key:1D2E3A4C5B)
例析2：從方框中選取適當?shù)木渥油瓿蓪υ挕?BR> A: We have to meet the others at 8:30at the reserve(自然保護區(qū))，don’t we?
B: 1
A: Do you know how to get there?
B: 2 It will take us about two hours to get there by bus.
A: 3
B: It’s an area that protects lots of different animals.
A: 4
B: I’m not really sure. I know there are many different kinds of birds there and I’m going to take my camera with me.
A: 5 What clothes are you going to wear?
B: Well, if it’s wet, I will wear my strong shoes and take my raincoat with me.
A: So will I.
A. So will I.
B. What kind of animal will we see there?
C. Neither will I.
D. Yes, I’ve got a map.
E. What do you know about it?
F. Yes. That’s right.
G. That’s a good idea.
這是選擇適當?shù)木渥油瓿蓪υ掝愋偷念}目，這種題型很注重語境，選材常常會貼近現(xiàn)實，與學生的生活息息相關(guān)。其考點是對常見的具有代表性的會話內(nèi)容的理解與接續(xù)，以及考生對會話用語的理解與運用。
解答此類型的試題時，首先要通讀全文何待選項，把握雙方和多方談話的話題中心。將待選項與話題相關(guān)、與空缺處的問答相關(guān)的句子找出來。同時應注意上下句的有機聯(lián)系，使得整個對話語義通暢。其實，作這這類題也是一個排除、選擇、繼續(xù)的過程。選出答案以后，還應重讀對話以及時修正當初錯選或者誤選項。(Key:1F2D3E4B5G)
例析3：根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，補全對話中所缺的單詞。
A: Excuse me. Where’s the 1 hospital, please?
B: Oh, there isn’t a hospital near 2 . There is 3 on the other side of the river.
A: How 4 is it from here?
B: A bout 8 kilometers 5 .
A: Oh, dear! I don’t 6 I can walk there.
B: You can 7 a No. 4 bus.
A: Where’s the nearest 8 9 then?
B: It’s on the other side of the road. 10 ! The bus is coming!
A. Thanks a lot.
B: That’s OK.
這是根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容填寫所缺的單詞類型的題目，考生一定要首先弄清楚對話的內(nèi)容，推測對話人的意圖，然后一邊看對話，一邊填寫單詞。本題考查的情景是問路。一問醫(yī)院，二問車站。解題的關(guān)鍵是對口語句型的熟悉程度何對上下文情景的理解。答題時一要仔細審題，明確語境;二要理解情景，弄清內(nèi)容;三要以意判詞，準確拼寫。(Key: 1. nearest 可由下文推測而出。2.here本句話意為“這附近沒有醫(yī)院”。3.one在這里直代“一家醫(yī)院”。4.far聯(lián)系上下文情景，可推測出此處是在詢問距離。5.away在此處為習慣用法。6.think從上下文情景可推測而出。7.take 或者catch a bus“乘車”。8.bus9.Stop這兩個空可從上下文推知。10.Look此空可由下面的“汽車來了”推知。)
例析4：根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，在空白處填上適當?shù)木渥樱瑫r對話意義完整。
A: Good morning. Madam. Can I help you?
B: Yes, I’m looking for a silk shirt.
A: 1
B: I’d like a dark color.
A: A dark color? Let me see what colors we have… Oh, how about the brown one?
B: Hmm, I don’t like brown. 2
A: Yes. What about the purple one and the black one?
B: Well, I prefer the black one. 3
A: 500 yuan
B:4 I don’t think I’ll take it.
A: Well, if you take it, I’ll give you a 10% discount(折扣)。
B: Hmm, 5
A: Certainly. This way, please.
…
B: OK, it fits me well. I’ll take it.
這是根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容填寫所缺的句子類型的題目，此類試題開放性較強，但要根據(jù)情景，使用適當?shù)木渥油瓿蓪υ?。本題的情景時購物，要熟悉購物用語。1、What color do you like/want?或者What color would you like?根據(jù)下一句的回答可知。2、Do you have other colors?或者Have you got any other colors?由前一句“I don’t like brown”以及下句的詢問可知。3、How much is it?由下句的500元可知。4、That’s/It’s too much.或者That’s/It’s too expensive/dear.由下一句的“I don’t think I can take it”可知。5、Can/May I try it on?由最后一句“OK, it fits me well. I’ll take it”可知。
例析5：
把下列句子組合成意義通順的對話。
A. Hi, Lin Tao! Can you come and play basketball?
B. Yes, I’m afraid I do. I may come later.
C. Sorry, I can’t. I have to tidy my room.
D. Oh! Do yo9u have to?
E. All right?
1.______ 2._______ 3.__________ 4._______ 5.________
這是安排對話的邏輯順序類型的題目,此類題目常把一段具有某種語境關(guān)系、邏輯關(guān)系的句子順序打亂，讓考生重新排列，旨在考查他們的邏輯推理能力何語斷整合能力。一個對話的開場白往往是由打招呼性的語言開始的，由此，我們可以推斷A是第一句。根據(jù)C的答語內(nèi)容可以推知這是第二句。由此思路繼續(xù)推測下去就可以得出一下的順序是DBE。
作此類題目，主要是根據(jù)對話的內(nèi)部存在的邏輯關(guān)系，如問答對應。說明、暗示、遞進和語義轉(zhuǎn)折等，并根據(jù)情景以及各句之間的承接關(guān)系，才能理順句子的順序，整合語篇。
【專項練習】
I.
請將下面五句話重新進行邏輯排列，組成一個合理的小對話
A. Now he can ride it well, but my mother often tells him to be more careful.
B. My father has bought a motorbike.
C. And it is used for going to work every day.
D. It was bought in a supermarket about two weeks ago.
E. It was made in Shanghai.
II.
根據(jù)下面的一個Telephone Message，每空一詞，補全對話
Telephone Message
From: Fred To: Daniel
Date: July 8th Time: 10: 40 am
Message: Fred asked you to ring him this evening. He wanted to talk with you about the trip to Bishushanzhuang this Sunday. His telephone number is 3688969.
Sandy
A: Hello! 783356219.
B: Hello! (1)______
A: Hold on, please. I'm sorry. He isn't here now.
B: This is Fred. Who's that?
A: Hello, Fred. This is Daniel's sister, Sandy.
B: Sandy, (2) ______
A: Sure. What's it?
B: Would you please tell him to call me this evening? (3)______
A: (4) ______
B: I'm not sure. Just tell him my telephone number is 3688969.
A: 3688969. Got it. (5)______
B: Thank you very much.
A: That's all right.
III.
每空限填一詞，補全對話
A: Hello, Kate. You're so beautiful in this red dress.
B: I'm so_______(1) to hear that. And______(2) are you.
A: Thank you.
B: Tomorrow is Sunday. What are you going to do?
A: I have no ________(3).
B: Shall we go________(4)?
A: I don't_______(5). I don't like skating at all. I think we may go to Uncle Wang's farm.
B: Good idea. It's ______(6) time. We can go there and help him pick the apples.______(7) shall we leave?
A: What_______(8) seven thirty in the morning?
B: Let's_______(9)it a little_______(10).
A: OK. Let's leave at seven. We'll meet outside the school gate.
B: All right. See you tomorrow.
A: See you.
IV.
請根據(jù)提示(遺憾、同情、道歉及應答)，選用所給句子完成下列對話，每個句子只能用一次，有兩個多余選項。
A: Kate, I hear you didn't go to Jenny's birthday party yesterday. Why not?
B: Jenny's birthday party? I didn't know about that. No one told me about it.
A:__________1) But I didn't go either.
B: Why? Didn't Jenny invite you?
A: __________(2) I didn't go because my brother was ill in hospital. I had to look after him there.
B: __________(3) Is he all right now?
A: Yes. He is now fine. Thank you.
B: John, I hear you'll also have a birthday party this Sunday evening.
A: Yes.__________(4)
B: But I'm very sorry I can't go. Tomorrow we're moving to London.
A:__________(5). Good luck to you.
B: Thank you.
A. No, I didn't.
B. I'm sorry to hear that.
C. It doesn't matter.
D. Yes, she did.
E. Thank you all the same.
F. I've been here to invite you there.
G. What a pity!
V.
根據(jù)圖文提示，補全對話(提建議、意愿、求助)
Bill: Good morning David. Would you like to play________(1) with me?
David: Look! Sam and Fred are asking me to play________(2) with them.
Bill: Can I come, too?
David: Of course. You're ________(3).
Dad: David!
David: ________(4)?
Dad: Could you give me a ________(5), please?
David: Sure. What's________(6)?
Dad: I'm________(7) a ________(8).
I ________(9) a knife.
David: OK. I'm coming. Bill, please________(10) for me. I'll be back soon.
Bill: OK.
VI.
每空一詞，補全對話(10分)
Lucy: Mum, do you see my pen?
Mother: No, I don't. ______(1) that on the desk?
Lucy: Let ______(2) see. It's my pen.
Mother: ______(3) is your pencil-box?
Lucy: Oh, my pencil-box is in my bag.
Mother: Where is your bag?
Lucy: I can't see.
Mother: Is it on your desk?
Lucy: ______(4), it isn't.
Mother: ______(5) that?
Lucy: ______(6)?
Mother: Behind ______(7) door.
Lucy: Oh, it's here. I can ______(8) it.
Mother: Is ______(9) pencil in your pencil-box?
Lucy: Yes, it is.
Mother: Lucy, you must look ______(10) your bag.
Lucy: Thank you very much, mum.
VII.
從II欄中找出與I欄相對應的答案。(10分)
I
( )1. What do you think of China?
( )2. What can I do for you?
( )3. Can I borrow your ruler?
( )4. What day is it today?
( )5. It's hot today, isn't it?
( )6. Would you like some pears?
( )7. Shall we go and play games?
( )8. Hello! Is that Mrs Liu?
( )9. Is everyone here today?
( )10. Congratulations, boys!
II
A. Yes, why not take off your coat?
B. No, Jack isn't here.
C. Yes, please.
D. I'm looking for a shirt.
E. Certainly. Here you are.
F. It's Monday.
G. Thank you, Mr Wu.
H. What a good idea! Let's go.
I. I like it very much. The people are very friendly.
J. I'm afraid she is not in.
VIII.
根據(jù)圖示完成下面對話，每空一詞。
A: Who's that? Oh, it's you, Mr White. Please come in and sit down.
B: Thank you, Mr Black.
A: Would you like a cup of coffee or a glass of milk?
B: ________(1). I'd only like a cup of tea. Mr Black, would you like to go to ________(2) for our holiday on February 12?
A: I'd love ______(3). ______ (4) not? We can go and visit Tianyahaijiao. On February 12th. Well, what's the date today?
B: Look, it's ______(5) ______(6).
A: Then this ________(7) is February 12. How shall we go there?
B: By ________(8). It's safe.
A: And we can enjoy the beautiful________(9) during the journey. I think we should book tickets tomorrow.
B: Why not book them ________(10)?
A: OK. I'll do that right now.
情景交際部分參考答案
I. BDECA
II.1. May I speak to Daniel? 2. could you take a message for your brother? 3. We are going to Bishushanzhuang this Sunday. We will talk about it. 4. Does he know your telephone number? 5. I'll leave the message on his desk.
III.1. glad (happy, pleased) 2. so 3. idea 4. skating 5. agree 6. harvest 7. When 8. about 9. make 10. earlier
IV.1-5 GDBFC
V.1. football 2. basketball 3. welcome 4. Yes 5. hand 6. wrong 7. mending / repairing 8. bike 9. need 10. wait
VI.1. What's 2. me 3. Where 4. No 5. What's 6. Where 7. the 8. see 9. your 10. after
VII.1I2D3E4F5A6C7H10G8J9B
VIII. 1. Neither 2. Hai-nan 3. to 4. Why 5. Feb-ruary 6. 7th 7. Saturday 8. train 9. scenery 10. online
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