在學習初中英語的過程中, 同學們常會犯這樣那樣的錯誤, 大多數同學認為這些錯誤紛繁復雜, 無章可循, 其實并非如此。為便于系統復習, 現將中考高頻考點，或者說把同學們常犯的錯誤進行分類詳解, 希望對大家能有所警示與啟迪。
I. “蛇足”類錯誤例析
“蛇足”類錯誤就是“畫蛇添足”，在句中出現一些原本沒有或本應省略的成分。
例1.
Though traveling by air is fast and comfortable, but it costs too much money. (×)
Traveling by air is fast and comfortable, but it costs too much money. (√)
Though traveling by air is fast and comfortable, it costs too much money. (√)
例2.
Because he was ill yesterday, so he didn’t go to work. (×)
Because he was ill yesterday, he didn’t go to work. (√)
He was ill yesterday, so he didn’t go to work. (√)
[析] 用though, but表示“雖然……，但是…… ”或用because, so 表示“因為……，所以……”時，though和but 及because和so 都只能擇一而用，不能兩者同時使用。
例3.
More than three hundreds people died in the oil well accident in Chongqing in 2003.（×）
More than three hundred people died in the oil well accident in Chongqing in 2003. (√)
[析] hundred, thousand, million, billion等詞前有具體數詞修飾用來表示“確數”時，無論數詞大小，hundred等詞都要用單數形式。
例4.
My English teacher is a 38-years old man. (×)
My English teacher is a 38-year-old man. (√)
[析] 句中的38-years-old是由數詞、名詞和形容詞一起構成的復合形容詞，在句中充當定語，修飾名詞man。復合形容詞作定語時, 其中的名詞要用單數形式, 且各詞之間要有連字符“-”。
例5.
The Smiths have moved Beijing. (×)
The Smiths have moved to Beijing. (√)
[析] 不及物動詞后接名詞或代詞作賓語時，要在動詞之后加上適當的介詞；但不及物動詞后接home, here, there等副詞作賓語時，動詞之后不必加任何介詞。
例6.
The box is too heavy for him to carry it. (×)
The box is too heavy for him to carry. (√)
[析] the box既是這句話的主語, 也是不定式to carry的邏輯賓語，若句末再加上it，就和the box重復了。
II. “主謂不一致”類錯誤例析
主謂不一致類錯誤指的是句子的主語和謂語動詞在人稱和數上不一致而形成的錯誤。
例1.
Each of the boys have a pen. (×)
Each of the boys has a pen. (√)
[析] 復數名詞前有表個體的each of, one of, every，either of等詞組修飾，或有表否定的neither of, none of 等詞組修飾時，謂語動詞要用單數形式。
例2. 那是你心軟！我不就是一個例子嗎？
Neither he nor you is good at English. (×)
Neither he nor you are good at English. (√)
[析] either... or..., neither... nor..., not only..., but also... 等詞組連接句子的兩個主語時，謂語動詞遵循“就近一致原則”, 即由靠近謂語的那個主語決定謂語的人稱和數用何種形式。
例3.
Two months are quite a long time. (×)
Two months is quite a long time. (√)
[析] 當時間、度量、距離、重量等名詞作句子主語時，常將其看作一個整體，謂語動詞要用單數形式。
例4.
Ten minus three are seven. (×)
Ten minus three is seven. (√)
[析] 用英語表示加（plus）、減(minus)等數學運算時，謂語動詞也用單數形式。
例5.
Watching TV too much are bad for your eyes. (×)
Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. (√)
[析] 不定式、v-ing形式充當句子主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式
例6.
The number of the workers in this factory are about 5,000. (×)
The number of the workers in this factory is about 5,000. (√)
[析] the number of表示“……的數量”，謂語動詞用單數形式；a number of 的意思是“若干”或“許多”，相當于some或a lot of，和復數名詞連用，謂語動詞用復數形式。
III. “詞序”、“語序”類錯誤例析
詞序、語序類錯誤指的是單詞或句子在排列順序上不正確，也表現為該用陳述語序的用了疑問句語序，或該用疑問句語序的用了陳述句語序等情況。
例1. Hello! I have important something to tell you. （×）
Hello! I have something important to tell you. (√)
[析] 形容詞或動詞不定式修飾不定代詞作定語時，修飾成分要置于不定代詞之后。
例2. His son is enough old to go to school. （×）
His son is old enough to go to school. (√)
[析] enough作形容詞修飾名詞時，可以放在名詞前，也可放在名詞后；作副詞修飾形容詞或副詞時，只能放在形容詞或副詞之后。
例3. Here is your sweater, put away it.（×）
Here is your sweater, put it away. (√)
[析] put away, pick up, put on等“動詞+副詞”構成的詞組后接代詞作賓語時，代詞只能放在動詞和副詞之間。
例4. I don’t know where is he going.（×）
I don’t know where he is going. (√)
[析] 在含賓語從句的復合句中，從句要用陳述句語序。
例5. Look! Here the bus comes.（×）
Look! Here comes the bus.（√）
[析] 在以here, there引起的陳述句中，若句子的主語是名詞，要用倒裝語序，即用“Here /There+動詞+名詞”結構；但主語若是代詞時，則不用倒裝語序, 即用“Here/There +代詞+動詞”結構。
例6. I do well in playing football, _______. (我妹妹也行。)
A. so my sister does（×）
B. so does my sister（√）
例7. --- Li Lei is really a football fan.
--- _______. (確實這樣.)
A. So is he（×）
B. So he is（√）
[析] “so+be動詞/助動詞+主語”的倒裝結構表示前面所述情況也適用于后者，意為“……也是這樣”；“so+主語+be動詞/助動詞”的陳述結構表示對前述情況的肯定，意為“……確實如此”。
IV. “邏輯”類錯誤例析
邏輯類錯誤是指用英語表達某一思想時，犯了邏輯推理錯誤，導致句子語法成分不全，句意表達上前后矛盾等方面的失誤。
例1. 重慶比中國的其他城市都大。
Chongqing is larger than any city in China. (×)
Chongqing is larger than any other city in China. (√)
[析] “any city in China”包括了重慶這座城市, 同一事物自己與自己不能做比較，只有在city 前加上other才能表示重慶和中國的其它城市比較大小。
例2. 廣州的天氣比北京的天氣更暖和。
The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than Beijing. (×)
The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than that in Beijing . (√)
[析] 表示比較時，句子中的兩個比較對象必須一致，不同的比較對象不能做比較。錯誤句的比較對象分別為the weather in Guangzhou和Beijing，這兩個不同類的事物之間不能做比較。
V. “受漢語思維方式影響”類錯誤例析
受漢語影響類錯誤是指用英語表達某個意思時，受了漢語表達的影響而導致犯錯。
例1. Mr Wu teaches our English. (×)
Mr Wu teaches us English. (√)
[析] “teach sb. sth.”句式中的sb.和 sth.是teach的雙賓語，因此teach后的人稱代詞要用賓格，而不能受漢語影響使用形容詞性物主代詞。
例2. His sister married with a teacher last summer.(×)
His sister married a teacher last summer. (√)
[析] 表達“A和B結婚”，要用A married/will marry B。這時務必要避免受漢語影響使用A married/will marry with B。
例3. There is going to have a film tonight. (×)
There is going to be a film tonight. (√)
[析] 一般將來時用在 There be 句式中時，be going to或will之后的動詞原形只能用be,也就是說要用There is (are) going to be.... / There will be....。
例4. I’ll go hiking if it won’t rain next Sunday. (×)
I’ll go hiking if it doesn’t rain next Sunday.(√)
[析] 習慣上在含有時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句的復合句中，如果主句的謂語動詞用了一般將來時，從句的謂語動詞要用一般現在時表示將來的動作。
例5. Teacher told us yesterday that the earth went around the sun. (×)
Teacher told us yesterday that the earth goes around the sun. (√)
[析] 習慣上在含有賓語從句的復合句中，主句的謂語動詞用了一般過去時，從句的謂語動詞要用過去的某種時態(tài)。但如果從句表述的是一客觀事實或客觀真理時，則不受主句時態(tài)的影響，而用一般現在時。
例6. All the balls are not round. 翻譯成漢語：
所有的球都不是圓的。(×)
并不是所有的球都是圓的。(√)
[析] all, every, both等詞和not連用時，not通常放在all, every, both的后面，一般情況下表示部分否定，意為“并非……都……”。
例7. Do you know the way of the park? (×)
Do you know the way to the park? (√)
[析] 習慣上表示無生命名詞的所有格常用“...of...”； 但表示“通往……的路”要用“the way to...”, 而不能用“the way of...”。類似結構的詞還有 the key to the lock (這把鎖的鑰匙), the answer to this question(這個問題的答案), the ticket to the concert (音樂會的票)等。
例8. --- He didn’t go to school yesterday, did he?
--- _______, though he didn’t feel very well.
A. No, he didn’t (×) B. Yes, he did (√)
例9. --- Don’t you usually come to school by bike?
--- _______. But I sometimes walk.
A. No, I don’t (×) B. Yes, I do (√)
[析] 習慣上英語中的yes意為“是的”，no意為“不”，但在“前否后肯”的反意疑問句或否定疑問句中，yes意為“不”，no意為“是的”。(完)