《高中英語語法-全面回顧被動語態(tài)(四)》由留學(xué)英語組編輯整理(www.liuxue86.com)。本內(nèi)容整理時間為05月12日,如有任何問題請聯(lián)系我們。
全面回顧被動語態(tài)(四)
七、被動語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別
當(dāng)“be+過去分詞”作被動語態(tài)時表示主語承受的動作;作系表結(jié)構(gòu)時表示主語的特點或所處的狀態(tài)時,be后面的過去分詞是表語,相當(dāng)于形容詞。其區(qū)分辦法如下:
1.如果強調(diào)動作或句中有介詞by引導(dǎo)出動作的執(zhí)行者,該句一般為被動語態(tài),否則為系表結(jié)構(gòu)。
例The glass is broken. (系表結(jié)構(gòu))
The glass was broken by the boy. (被動語態(tài))
2.如果句中有地點、頻率或時間狀語時,一般為被動語態(tài)。
例The door is locked. (系表結(jié)構(gòu))
The door haslready/just been locked.(被動語態(tài))
3.被動語態(tài)除用于一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài)外,還可以用于其他各種時態(tài),而系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的系動詞be只有一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài)。
例 The machine is being repaired.
八、被動語態(tài)與高考試題的內(nèi)容'>高考試題賞析
1. 高考對謂語動詞語態(tài)的考查例析
1). In some parts of the world, tea ___ with milk and sugar. (NMET1993)
A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served
解析 B 因為serve是及物動詞,其動作承受者tea作主語,表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的情況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。
2). This is Ted’s phone. We miss him a lot. He ___ trying to save a child in the earthquake.(NMET2002)
A. killed B. is killed
C. was killed D. was killing
解析 C Ted是kill的承受者,用被動語態(tài),且Ted救人發(fā)生在過去,所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。
3). ---- Have you moved into the new house?
---- Not yet, the rooms _____. (NMET1991) A. are being painted B. are painting
C. are painted D. are being painting
解析 A “house”和“paint”應(yīng)該是被動的關(guān)系,排除B,D。后者未搬進新居的原因是房子正在油漆,所以要用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。不能用一般現(xiàn)在時表示習(xí)慣性動作,排除C。
4). When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ___ yet. (上海春2003)
A. are not decided B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided D. has not been decided
解析 D decide是及物動詞,動作的發(fā)出者通常是人,句中的主語是動作的承受者,所以decide要用被動語態(tài)。從題干的語境和關(guān)鍵詞yet,可判斷用現(xiàn)在完成時,不定式做主語用單數(shù),故用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。
5). The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets ___.(上海春2001)
A. was booked B. had been booked
C. were booked D. have been booked
解析 B 句中tickets是book(訂票)的承受者,主謂為被動關(guān)系,又因票已被訂出應(yīng)發(fā)生在entered the office這個過去動作之前,所以要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。
2.高考對非謂語動詞語態(tài)的考查
當(dāng)非謂語動詞的邏輯主語為動作的承受者時, 須用被動式。弄清非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語之間的執(zhí)行與承受關(guān)系是掌握非謂語動詞語態(tài)的關(guān)鍵。
1). Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ___ whether they will enjoy it. (NMET2002)
A. to see B. to be seen
C. seeing D. seen
解析 B 根據(jù)題意,那對老夫婦是否到國外旅行是將來的動作,應(yīng)使用不定式,故排除掉C、D兩項;又因remains的邏輯主語it是動詞see說表示動作的承受者,即“到國外旅行”這件事,這件事有待于“被決定”,應(yīng)使用動詞不定式的被動形式。
2). While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ___ into buying something they don’t really need. (上海1996)
A. to persuaded B. persuading
C. being persuaded D. be persuaded
解析 C can’t help doing “禁不住做某事”,排除A和D;顧客應(yīng)是“被勸說”購物的,要用動名詞的被動語態(tài)。
3). I feel it is your husband who ___ for the spoiled child. (上海2002)
A. is to blame B. is going to blame
C. is to be blamed D. should blame
解析 A feel的賓語從句為強調(diào)句型,在be to do結(jié)構(gòu)中,在某些場合可用不定式的主動語態(tài)表示被動語態(tài),如to blame, to let等。
《高中英語語法-全面回顧被動語態(tài)(四)》由留學(xué)英語組編輯整理(www.liuxue86.com)
全面回顧被動語態(tài)(四)
七、被動語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別
當(dāng)“be+過去分詞”作被動語態(tài)時表示主語承受的動作;作系表結(jié)構(gòu)時表示主語的特點或所處的狀態(tài)時,be后面的過去分詞是表語,相當(dāng)于形容詞。其區(qū)分辦法如下:
1.如果強調(diào)動作或句中有介詞by引導(dǎo)出動作的執(zhí)行者,該句一般為被動語態(tài),否則為系表結(jié)構(gòu)。
例The glass is broken. (系表結(jié)構(gòu))
The glass was broken by the boy. (被動語態(tài))
2.如果句中有地點、頻率或時間狀語時,一般為被動語態(tài)。
例The door is locked. (系表結(jié)構(gòu))
The door haslready/just been locked.(被動語態(tài))
3.被動語態(tài)除用于一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài)外,還可以用于其他各種時態(tài),而系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的系動詞be只有一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài)。
例 The machine is being repaired.
八、被動語態(tài)與高考試題的內(nèi)容'>高考試題賞析
1. 高考對謂語動詞語態(tài)的考查例析
1). In some parts of the world, tea ___ with milk and sugar. (NMET1993)
A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served
解析 B 因為serve是及物動詞,其動作承受者tea作主語,表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的情況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。
2). This is Ted’s phone. We miss him a lot. He ___ trying to save a child in the earthquake.(NMET2002)
A. killed B. is killed
C. was killed D. was killing
解析 C Ted是kill的承受者,用被動語態(tài),且Ted救人發(fā)生在過去,所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。
3). ---- Have you moved into the new house?
---- Not yet, the rooms _____. (NMET1991) A. are being painted B. are painting
C. are painted D. are being painting
解析 A “house”和“paint”應(yīng)該是被動的關(guān)系,排除B,D。后者未搬進新居的原因是房子正在油漆,所以要用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。不能用一般現(xiàn)在時表示習(xí)慣性動作,排除C。
4). When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ___ yet. (上海春2003)
A. are not decided B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided D. has not been decided
解析 D decide是及物動詞,動作的發(fā)出者通常是人,句中的主語是動作的承受者,所以decide要用被動語態(tài)。從題干的語境和關(guān)鍵詞yet,可判斷用現(xiàn)在完成時,不定式做主語用單數(shù),故用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。
5). The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets ___.(上海春2001)
A. was booked B. had been booked
C. were booked D. have been booked
解析 B 句中tickets是book(訂票)的承受者,主謂為被動關(guān)系,又因票已被訂出應(yīng)發(fā)生在entered the office這個過去動作之前,所以要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)。
2.高考對非謂語動詞語態(tài)的考查
當(dāng)非謂語動詞的邏輯主語為動作的承受者時, 須用被動式。弄清非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語之間的執(zhí)行與承受關(guān)系是掌握非謂語動詞語態(tài)的關(guān)鍵。
1). Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ___ whether they will enjoy it. (NMET2002)
A. to see B. to be seen
C. seeing D. seen
解析 B 根據(jù)題意,那對老夫婦是否到國外旅行是將來的動作,應(yīng)使用不定式,故排除掉C、D兩項;又因remains的邏輯主語it是動詞see說表示動作的承受者,即“到國外旅行”這件事,這件事有待于“被決定”,應(yīng)使用動詞不定式的被動形式。
2). While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ___ into buying something they don’t really need. (上海1996)
A. to persuaded B. persuading
C. being persuaded D. be persuaded
解析 C can’t help doing “禁不住做某事”,排除A和D;顧客應(yīng)是“被勸說”購物的,要用動名詞的被動語態(tài)。
3). I feel it is your husband who ___ for the spoiled child. (上海2002)
A. is to blame B. is going to blame
C. is to be blamed D. should blame
解析 A feel的賓語從句為強調(diào)句型,在be to do結(jié)構(gòu)中,在某些場合可用不定式的主動語態(tài)表示被動語態(tài),如to blame, to let等。
《高中英語語法-全面回顧被動語態(tài)(四)》由留學(xué)英語組編輯整理(www.liuxue86.com)