英語四六級考試作為目前大學生基本都會參加的考試之一,報考人數(shù)是相當大的,雖然考試不屬于選拔性考試,競爭壓力沒有那么大,但考試難度并不低,接下來就和小編一起來看看2022年英語六級考試閱讀理解考前必備練習題吧!
Islam
The number of Muslims worldwide is estimated to bein excess of one billion, making Islam the largestfaith community after Christianity. Of this numberthe overwhelming majority would identifythemselves as Sunni2 Muslims whilst about 15 percent follow a variety of Shiah3 Muslim persuasions.The Arabic word islam means the willingrecognition of and active submission to the guiding command of the One God, Allah4.Whoever acts in this manner is called a muslim, one who acknowledges and submits to the sole, unique God. The Islamic tradition or din( a word which conveys the sense of obedienceclosely related to islam ) is founded upon the guiding command of Allah as contained in theKoran5 . Muslims hold the Koran to be the word of God delivered to Muhammad6, God’s electedmessenger. The revelations were received in just over a twenty-year period , first in Mecca7 ,the Prophet’s birthplace , and later in Medina8 where the first community was established.Both these cities are in present day Saudi Arabia and are regarded by all Muslims as the centralholy places of their faith.
A Muslim must make formal prayers each day at five appointed times: at daybreak, at noon, inmidafternoon, at sunset and after nightfall. The mosque is the place of public worship in Islam.If a mosque is too far away, a Muslim may pray in his own home or elsewhere on a specialprayer rug or mat. He takes formal postures for each statement in the prayer, until heachieves full prostration in the direction of Mecca. Mecca is the holy city and the center ofworship for Muslims. It is not only because Mecca is the birthplace of Muhammad, but alsobecause there exist the Kaaba 9— the holiest shrine, and the Black Stone. It is believed thatthe Kaaba was built by Abraham and the Stone was brought out of Paradise by Adam. Everyyear numerous pilgrims go to Mecca to pay homage. Thus the word“Mecca”has come intoEnglish language, meaning“place one aspires to visit”
閱讀自測
Ⅰ. Are the sestatements True or False according to the article ?
1. Shiah is the biggest sect of Islam.
2. Muhammad founded the religion of Islam and he was the messenger of Allah.
3. Every Muslim must go to mosque every day to say his prayers. )
Ⅱ. Translate the Chinese into English , using the word or phrase in paren theses :
1. 花錢切勿超過你的收入。( in excess of) 2. 他拒絕服從不公正的決定。( submit to) 3. 我們對莎士比亞的天才表示敬仰。( pay homage to)
參考答案
Ⅰ. 1. F 2. T 3 . F
Ⅱ. 1. Never spend in excess of your income. 2. Herefused to submit to an unjust decision. 3. We payhomage to the genius of Shakespeare.
參考譯文
伊 斯 蘭 教
世界各地的穆 斯 林加起來總數(shù)估計超過十億, 這個數(shù)量使伊 斯 蘭 教成為基 督 教之后世 界第二大宗教組織。伊 斯 蘭 教中絕大多數(shù)人認為自己是遜尼派教徒, 而約15% 的伊 斯 蘭 教徒則歸屬于各種什葉穆 斯 林宗派。阿拉伯語中islam 這個詞意為對唯一的神——— 真 主的 統(tǒng)率的主動認可和主動順從。承認并順從這個至高無上的神的人就被稱為穆 斯 林。伊斯 蘭教的傳統(tǒng), 或稱為din ( 該詞表達的順從的意思與islam 的意思緊密相關) , 是基于真 主的 統(tǒng)率而建立的, 全部寫在《可蘭經(jīng)》里。穆 斯 林認為《可蘭經(jīng)》是上帝傳達給穆 罕 默 德的旨 意, 穆 罕 默 德是上帝的使者。真 主將他的旨意傳給穆 罕 默 德只用了二十多年的時間, 先是 在麥加, 麥加是這位先知的出生地, 后來又在麥地那, 穆 罕 默 德在那里創(chuàng)立了第一個教派。 現(xiàn)在這兩座城市都屬于沙特阿拉伯, 它們已成為所有穆 斯 林心中最神圣的地方。
穆 斯 林每天要在五個指定的時間做正式禱告: 黎明、中午、下午3 點左右、黃昏和夜里。 清 真 寺是伊 斯 蘭 教徒集體做禮拜的地方。如果清 真 寺離自己太遠, 那么穆 斯 林可以在家里 或其他地方站在一種專門用來禱告的特制地毯或墊子上進行禱告。穆 斯 林禱告時每說一 句話都要作出一些正式的姿勢, 直到面向麥加完全拜倒在地為止。對穆 斯 林來說, 麥加是 神圣的城市, 是他們朝拜的中心。這不僅因為麥加是穆 罕 默 德出生的地方, 還因為那里有 最神圣的圣堂——— 天房和神圣黑石。 穆 斯 林相信天房是由亞伯拉罕建造的, 而神圣黑石則 是由亞當從伊甸園里搬來的。每年都有眾多的朝圣者去麥加朝拜。因此,“ 麥加”這個詞 后來就被收入英語, 引申為“ 人們渴望拜訪的地方。
Christianity
Christianity began life as a Jewish sect. Far fromattempting to find a new religion, the first Christiansviewed themselves as Jews following the teachings ofthe Jewish Messiah . It was only later, after manynon-Jews converted, that Christianity became areligion distinct from Judaism.
Although Christianity shares much with Judaism,these two faiths differ significantly with respect to such fundamental issues as God’srelationship with humanity. The central motif through which this relationship has beenunderstood in both traditions is that of a covenant or contract. In Hebrew scriptures ( the old Testament) , God offers a special relationship with his chosen people — the Jews through acontract that specifies the terms of this relationship . The details of this arrangement havebeen modified and expanded from time to time, in a series of covenants with Noah, Abraham,and Moses. The most well known of these contracts is God’s agreement with Moses on Mt.Sinai, the Ten Commandments5.
In the Christian understanding of covenant theology, God offers humanity a new contract —the New Testament6— as revealed in the person and teaching of Jesus. Unlike previouscovenants, the new covenant refers to the eternal fate of individuals rather than to theworldly fate of the nation of Israel. Also, rather than being offered only to Jews, the newcontract is offered to humanity as a whole . Individual salvation and the question of howthat salvation can be achieved is a dominant theme of traditional Christianity.
Salvation, according to this tradition, is necessary because otherwise the individual iscondemned to spend eternity in hell8 , a place of eternal punishment. Born into sin, thesentence of eternal damnation is the fate of every person unless she or he is saved from thisfate by being“ born again ”through faith in Jesus Christ. All other doctrines are built around awarning of condemnation and a redeeming message of redemption. As the core doctrine, itwould be natural that arguments over soteriology ( one’s theory of redemption) would lead toreligions schisms. Disagreement over competing notions of salvation led to the split betweenCatholicism and Protestantism.
Given the stark contrast between heaven and hell as eternal abodes of the soul, seriousthinkers have had to grapple with the question —What happens to people who, while notsaints, nevertheless are generally good people who have never committed any major sins intheir lives? Reflection on this problem led to the development of purgatory, an intermediaterealm between heaven and hell. In purgatory, souls are tortured for their sins, but areeventually released and allowed to enter heaven.
閱讀自測
Tra nslate Chinese in to English, to lea rn more a bout th e or igina l sin: God created theheavens, earth and all kinds of animals, including two men —Adam and Eve. They could eat fromany tree, except one, in the Garden of Eden. _____________( 在上帝創(chuàng)造的所有動物之中, 毒蛇是最狡詐的。)“Did God really tell you not to eat from any of the trees in the garden?”The serpentasked Eve .“We may eat the fruit of any tree _____________( 除伊甸園中間那棵樹上的果實之外) .God had even said,‘You shall not eat it or even touch it, otherwise you die. ’”But the serpenttold Eve ,“Of course you will not die! God knows well that the moment you eat of it your eyeswill be opened and _____________( 你們就會像上帝一樣區(qū)分出善惡) . ”Eve saw the tree was goodfor good, pleasing to the eyes and desirable for gaining wisdom. So she took some of its fruitand ate it. Then she also gave some to her husband who was with her, and he ate it, too. Then,the eyes of both of them were opened, and they realized they were naked._____________( 于是他們就把樹葉縫在一起, 制成衣服。) When God came, they hid themselves among the trees of thegarden.“Where are you?”the God asked.“ I heard you in the garden; but I am afraid. _____________( 因為我沒有穿衣 服, 所以我躲了起來。) ”answered Adam. It was just then Godlearnt that they had eaten the fruit of the tree in the middle . God was very angry and banishedthem from the Garden of Eden.
參考答案
Of all the animals that God had made, the serpentwas the most cunning. except the fruit of the treein the middle of the Garden of Eden you will be likeGods who know what is good and what is bad Sothey sewed leaves together and made clothes forthemselves. Because I was naked, I hid myself.
參考譯文
基 督 教
基 督教 開始的時候只是猶 太 教的一個分支。最早的基 督 教徒根本沒想過創(chuàng)辦新的宗 教, 他們自視為追隨猶 太 教彌賽亞的教義的猶太人。只是后來在許多非猶太人改變信仰之 后, 基 督 教才脫離猶 太 教, 自成一體。
盡管基 督 教與猶 太 教具有很多共同點, 但這兩個宗教在像上帝與人的關系等基本問題 上差別明顯。在基 督 教和猶 太 教這兩種傳統(tǒng)中, 理解上帝與人的關系需要依賴圣約, 或“ 約 書”中的主旨。在希伯來人的經(jīng)典著作《舊約全書》里, 上帝與他的選民——— 猶太人之間通 過約書保持著特殊的關系, 這本約書詳細說明了這種關系的條件。這一安排的具體內容在 一系列與諾亞、亞伯拉罕和摩西達成的圣約里不時地被更改和擴充。這些約書中最出名的 是上帝與摩西在西奈山上達成的協(xié)議———《十誡》。
基 督 教徒對圣約神學的理解是, 上帝賜給人類一份新約書———《新約全書》, 該約書通 過基 督本人以及他的教誨得以昭示。不像從前的圣約那樣,《新約》講述的是個人永恒的 命運, 而不是以色列國世俗的命運。同樣, 新約的接受對象不再只是猶太人, 而是全人類。 個人的救贖以及靈魂如何能被拯救是傳統(tǒng)基 督 教的主題。
按照這一傳統(tǒng), 救贖對基 督 教教徒非常必要, 因為如果不對靈魂進行拯救, 人就會被打 進地獄, 永世不得超生, 在地獄永遠都要受到懲罰。人生下來就有罪過, 每個人都注定要永 遠受到懲罰, 除非我們信仰基 督耶 穌, 才能獲得“ 重生”, 擺脫這種命運。所有其他教旨都 是圍繞懲罰的警告和救贖的啟示展開的。“ 耶 穌救世學”被作為核心教旨, 對耶 穌救世學 的爭論必然導致教會的分裂。對不同救贖主張的爭執(zhí)導致了天 主 教和新教之間的決裂。
考慮到作為靈魂永久居所的天堂和地獄之間鮮明的對比, 一些嚴肅的思想家只得努 力解決以下問題: 對于那些既非圣人、一生中又沒犯過什么大的過失、本性善良的人來 說, 他們怎么辦? 對該問題的反思導致了煉獄理論的產(chǎn)生, 煉獄是介于天堂和地獄之間 的中間地帶。在煉獄里, 靈魂因人的罪惡受到折磨, 但人最終還是得以赦免, 從而進入 天堂。
英語四六級考試內容分值占比
1、聽力理解部分:分值比例為35%;其中聽力對話15%,聽力短文20%。聽力對話部分包括短對話和長對話的聽力理解;聽力短文部分包括選擇題型的短文理解和復合式聽寫。
2、閱讀理解部分:分值比例為35%;其中仔細閱讀部分25%,快速閱讀部分10%。仔細閱讀部分分為:a)選擇題型的篇章閱讀理解;b)篇章層次的詞匯理解或短句問答??焖匍喿x理解部分測試的是瀏覽閱讀和查讀能力。
3、完型填空部分:分值比例為10%。完型填空部分采用單項選擇題型,改錯部分的要求是辨認錯誤并改正。
4、寫作和翻譯部分:分值比例為20%;其中寫作部分15%,翻譯部分5%。寫作的體裁包括議論文、說明文、應用文等,翻譯部分測試的是句子、短語或常用表達層次上的中譯英能力。
英語四六級考試合格標準是什么
大學英語四六級滿分710分,默認的及格分425分。
根據(jù)教育部規(guī)定六級考試不設置及格線,四級425分以上可以報考六級,所以大家普遍認為四六級的合格線為425分。
英語四六級的總分為710分。報名時間CET全國英語四六級考試的考試時間為:每年6月份、12月份(每年時間略有不同)。
有的學校也規(guī)定英語四級過425分之后才能頒發(fā)畢業(yè)證。但現(xiàn)在有的學校已取消了四級成績與學位證掛鉤。對于招聘企業(yè)來說,分數(shù)越高自然更受青睞。